AST Practice Test Certification Exam 2022 with complete solution. 100% Accurate answers. Graded A

AST Practice Test Certification Exam 2022 with complete solution which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes? -Answer- teeth which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchos ...

AST Practice Test Certification Exam 2022 with complete solution which of the following structures is located in the alveolar processes? -Answer- teeth which of the following is the wound classification for a bronchoscopy? -Answer- cleancontaminated the enzyme used to soften the zonules of the lens before cataract surgery is: -Answeralpha-chymotrypsin how should the stretcher be oriented when necessary to use an elevator to transport a patient to the OR? -Answer- enter head first, exit feet first which of the following is a curved, transverse incision across the lower abdomen frequently used in gynecological surgery? -Answer- pfannenstiel when perforated metal trays are placed on the shelves of the steam sterilizing cart, they should be positioned: -Answer- flat hyperkalemia is a high concentration of: -Answer- potassium which of the following tissues are cut using curved mayo scissors? -Answer- fascia which laser beam can travel through clear tissues without heating them? -Answerargon permission for treatment given with full knowledge of the risks is a/an: -Answerinformed consent which portion of the stomach surrounds the lower esophageal sphincter? -Answercardia low level disinfectants kill most microbes, but do not destroy: -Answer- spores syndactyly refers to: -Answer- webbed fingers the surgical pack utilized to create the sterile field should be opened on the: -Answerbacktable the islets of Langerhans secrete: -Answer- insulin what type of procedure would involve the removal of teeth? -Answer- extractionswhich organism is a normal resident flora of the intestinal tract? -Answer- escherichia coli where should the first scrub surgical technologist stand when handing towels to the surgeon to square off an incision site? -Answer- same side as surgeon a properly performed surgical scrub renders the skin: -Answer- surgically clean through which of the following do the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct empty? -Answer- ampulla of vater which of the following identifiers must be verified by the patient or their ID bracelet prior to transporting a patient to the OR? -Answer- name, date of birth, physician what are spiral shaped bacteria called? -Answer- bacilli the primary function of the gallbladder is to: -Answer- store bile which of the following is a non-sterile member of the surgical team? -Answer- circulator which of the following is not a benefit of using surface-mounted sliding doors for access to the operating room? -Answer- aid in controlling temperature what are the three factors for reducing ionizing radiation exposure? -Answer- time, shielding, distance which is the first part of the small intestine? -Answer- duodenum what is the surgical position frequently used for patients undergoing kidney surgery? - Answer- lateral how are rickettsiae transmitted? -Answer- arthropod bites which of the following is an examination of the cervix using a binocular microscope? - Answer- colposcopy compression of the heart from excessive fluid or blood buildup is called: -Answertamponade which surgical team member determines when the patient can be transported from the OR to the PACU? -Answer- anesthesia provider which suffix means surgical puncture to remove fluid? -Answer- -centesis to which portion of the colon is the appendix attached? -Answer- cecumwhich laboratory test determines bacterial identification? -Answer- gram stain medication used to dilate the pupil is called: -Answer- mydriatics which of the following drapes is non-fenestrated? -Answer- u-drape under what circumstances would it be appropriate to remove a patients identification bracelet? -Answer- never until the patient is discharged from the facility what is the position most commonly used for mitral valve replacement? -Answer- supine which laser is best used during a virectomy? -Answer- argon which of the following monitors provides positive assurance of sterility? -Answerbiological the apron-like structure attached to the greater curvature of the stomach is the: - Answer- omentum which microbes live without oxygen? -Answer- anaerobes which of the following is an abnormal tract between two epithelium-lined surfaces that is open at both ends? -Answer- fistula what is the action of antagonist drugs? -Answer- counteract the action of another drug which of the following directional terms describes the type of skin prep of an entire extremity? -Answer- circumfrential what organs are excused if an ovarian tumor is malignant? -Answer- bilateral fallopian tubes and ovaries, uterus which term refers to an abnormal thoracic curve of the spine referred to as "hunchback"? -Answer- kyphosis what is the medical term for a bunion? -Answer- hallux valgus what incision is also known as lower oblique? -Answer- inguinal the small intestine attaches to the posterior abdominal wall by the: -Answer- mesentery what is the term for a relationship in which two organisms occupy the same area and one organism benefits while the other is unharmed? -Answer- commensalism a topical steroid used to reduce inflammation after eye surgery is: -Answer- depomedrolhow is the surgical informed consent signed if an adult patient is illiterate? -Answerpatient marks with an "X" and witness verifies what direction should the stretcher be oriented when transporting a patient to the OR department? -Answer- feet first, side rails up which of the following routine preoperative laboratory studies would be ordered for premenopausal women with no history of hysterectomy? -Answer- HCG which portion of the surgical gown is considered non-sterile? -Answer- upper arms, neckline and axillary region what is the name of the urinary catheter with a small, curved tapered tip used on patients with urethral strictures? -Answer- coude what is the surgical position commonly used for thyroid and gallbladder surgery? - Answer- reverse trendelenburg a congenital defect in which the fetal blood vessel between the pulmonary artery and aorta does not close? -Answer- patent ductus arteriosus which of the following is a commonly used preservative for tissue specimens? -Answerformalin what is the first step taken for an incorrect sponge count? -Answer- notify surgeon the mumps may be diagnosed by finding inflammation in which of the following glands? -Answer- parotid what institutional document is completed when an adverse or unusual event takes place in the OR that may have legal consequences for the staff or patient? -Answer- incident report for which procedure would trendelenburg position provide optimal visualization? - Answer- hysterectomy which of the following is a nonadherent dressing? -Answer- adaptic which of the following is a fenestrated drape? -Answer- aperture which of the following terms describes a hernia that occurs within hesselbach's triangle? -Answer- direct which of the following incisions is oblique? -Answer- kocherwhich of the following dilators are used in the common duct? -Answer- bakes which of the following is a mechanical method of hemostasis? -Answer- ligature the organ that is connected by a duct to the duodenum is the: -Answer- pancreas a brain tumor causing alteration of muscle tone, voluntary muscle coordination, gait and balance would be located in the: -Answer- cerebellum what is the term for a relationship that benefits one organism at the expense of another? -Answer- parasitism what type of disease is characterized by rapid onset and a rapid recovery? -Answeracute which organelle is responsible for the production of energy? -Answer- mitochondria what type of anesthesia is a combination of inhalation and intravenous drugs? -Answerbalanced who is ultimately responsible for obtaining the surgical informed consent? -Answersurgeon what position is most commonly used for neurosurgical procedures? -Answer- supine the outer layer of the intestine is the: -Answer- serosa which of the following solutions should be used to prep the donor site for a splitthickness skin graft? -Answer- chlorhexidine what type of drape would be used for a flank procedure? -Answer- transverse where should the safety strap be placed on a patient who is in the supine position? - Answer- over the thighs which surgical procedure is performed to correct an abnormality in which the urethral meatus is situated on the superior aspect of the penis? -Answer- epispadias repair which thermal method of hemostasis utilizes intense, focused light? -Answer- laserq what is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage? -Answer- hypertension the larynx is located between the: -Answer- pharynx and tachea the most common cause of retinal detachment is: -Answer- traumawhat postoperative complication is associated with total hip arthroplasty? -Answerpulmonary embolism which of the following is a type of passive drain? -Answer- penrose the vocal cords are located in the: -Answer- larynx what type of acquired immunity is a vaccination? -Answer- artificial active when would the anesthesia provider request cricoid pressure? -Answer- endotracheal intubation which instrument would be used during a keratoplassty to remove the corea? -Answertrephine what is the required minimum number of individuals to transfer an incapacitated patient from the OR table to the stretcher? -Answer- 4 which of the following regulations states that blood and body fluids should be considered infectious? -Answer- standard precautions which of the following is a major source of distress for toddler and preschool age patients being transported to the operating room? -Answer- separation anxiety which structure has oral, nasa, and laryngeal divisions? -Answer- pharynx otoplasty is performed to correct a congenital deformity of which structure? -Answerear an injury patient sustains as a result of the care given by healthcare professionals is called: -Answer- iatrogenic the highly vascular layer of the eye that absorbs light rays ad nourishes the retina is the: -Answer- choroid according to maslow's hierarchy of needs, which of the following is the patient satisfying when he/she trusts the surgical team's abilities? -Answer- safety which aneurysm usually develops between the renal and iliac arteries? -Answerabdominal aortic the agent used to flush an artery to prevent clotting is: -Answer- heparin what is the next step for reattachment of a severed digit after debridement? -Answerbone-to-bone fixationwhat type of skin graft includes the epidermis and all of the dermis? -Answer- full thickness which muscle type is striated and voluntary? -Answer- skeletal which of the following terms refers to the absence of the external ear? -Answer- microtia what is the recommended maximum time for a tourniquet to remain inflated on an adult lower extremity? -Answer- 1.5 hours which organism causes gas gangrene? -Answer- clostridium perfringens chest rolls should span the distance bilaterally between which two anatomical structures? -Answer- acromioclavicular joint to iliac crest which ossicle of the middle ear covers the oval window? -Answer- stapes what is another name for the kraske position? -Answer- jackknife what type of sponge is tightly rolled cotton tape used by surgeons for blunt dissection? - Answer- kitner which of these instruments would be used during a keratoplasty? -Answer- cottingham punch a partially dislocated joint is called: -Answer- subluxation what condition is characterized by build-up of fatty deposits such as cholesterol? - Answer- atherosclerosis plaster rolls for casting should be submerged in which of the following? -Answerlukewarm water the avascular, clear portion of the eye covering the iris is the: -Answer- cornea how often should surgical masks be changed -Answer- after each case which term describes a rod-shaped microorganism? -Answer- bacillus when using the warm cycle of the EtO sterilizer, what is the minimum sterilization temperature in fahrenheit? -Answer- 85 which of the following actions would be a violation of aseptic technique? -Answerrepositioning penetrating towel clipwhich legal principal applies when the patient is given the wrong dose of the local anesthetic? -Answer- res ipsa loquitor the space between the vocal cords is called the: -Answer- glottis which bacteria could be found in a penetrating wound caused by a rusty nail? -Answerclostridium tetani which of the following retractors is used for spinal nerve roots? -Answer- love what is another name for the electrosurgical unit's patient return electrode? -Answergrounding pad what is the size of foley catheter commonly used for adults? -Answer- 16 Fr which of the following tumors is typically benign, encapsulated, and arises from tissue covering the central nervous system structures? -Answer- meningioma the fibrous white layer that gives the eye its shape is the: -Answer- sclera what is the term for thread-like appendages that provide bacteria with motion? -Answerflagella what surgical position provides optimal visualization of the lower abdomen or pelvis? - Answer- trendelenburg how many hours must an item submerse in glutoraldehyde to sterilize? -Answer- 10 when a patient's blood pressure is 135/81, 135 refers to: -Answer- systolic a term referring to a waxy secretion in the external ear canal is: -Answer- cerumen which of the following is an ossicle of the middle ear? -Answer- incus what is the term for the process of removing blood from an extremity prior to inflating the pneumatic tourniquet? -Answer- exsanguination which of the following may require probing and dilating in pediatric patients with upper respiratory infections? -Answer- nasolacrimal duct which surgical team member is responsible for setting up the sterile field? -Answersurgical technologist in what circumstances would cell-saver transfusion be contradicted? -Answer- cancer proceduresuse of an intraluminal (circular) stapler (EEA) would be indicated for which of the following surgical procedures? -Answer- sigmoidectomy satinsky, herrick, and mayo clamps may be specifically used on which of the following structures? -Answer- kidney pedicle the nasal cavity is divided into two portions by the: -Answer- septum which of the following is used by the surgeon to intermittently remove prostatic tissue fragments during a TURP? -Answer- ellik evacuator which type of hematoma is a result of a torn bridging meningeal veins? -Answersubdural