Chapter 8 and 9. Pathophysiology and life span development Questions and Answers, Graded A

Chapter 8 and 9. Pathophysiology and life span development Questions and Answers For a patient breathing in room air, the EMT would estimate the FiO2 to be: - .21 A patient has a blood pressure of 140/98 mmHg. Which ...

Chapter 8 and 9. Pathophysiology and life span development Questions and Answers For a patient breathing in room air, the EMT would estimate the FiO2 to be: - .21 A patient has a blood pressure of 140/98 mmHg. Which one of the following can the EMT ascertain from this reading? - the afterload is diminished A confused and lethargic 24-year-old has intentionally overdosed on a narcotic medication. His vital signs are: pulse 36, respirations 8, blood pressure 50/20, and SpO2 88% with 15 liters per minute of oxygen. The greatest danger to this patient's well-being is: - decreases cellular perfusion. The patient in anaerobic metabolism is deficient of: - oxygen A slightly confused but conscious 61-year-old female with generalized weakness has a hear rate of 190 beats a minute. She has a history of high blood pressure and diabetes. Her blood pressure is 78/56 mmHg. Which one of the following would best explain the patient's presentation? - Tachycardia You and the critical care transport team are taking a critically ill patient to another hospital. Among many IV infusions and monitors, the patient is also on a ventilator. You note that the FDO2 is set at 0.50. What does this mean? - The provided oxygen concentration is set at 50 percent. Which one of the following measurements indicates a narrowed pulse pressure? 116/82, 108/88, 120/76, 210/ 138 - 108/88 You are caring for a 66-year-old male who is severely dehydrated. Given this condition, you would recognize which of the following related to the cardiovascular system? - Decreased blood volume available for circulation A patient with a severe infection is very sick. Circulating toxins from bacteria in his blood have decreased his systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Which of the following would the EMT correlate to this condition? Diastolic blood pressure of > 200 mmHg Systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg Blood pressure of 74/26 mmHg Blood pressure of 174/126 mmHg - Blood pressure of 74/26 mmHgUnder normal circumstances, carbon dioxide is excreted from the body through the: - Lungs The EMT would best recognize normal cellular metabolism as: - Aerobic Which of the following will affect the ventilation component of the ventilation/perfusion ratio? Blood clot in the pulmonary blood vessels decreased amount of hemoglobin in the blood loss of blood plasma from dehydration infection and pus in the distal airways and alveoli - infection and pus in the distal airways and alveoli The EMT is administering oxygen at 95% through a nonrebreathing face mask. He would document this as an FiO2 of: - 0.95 Which of the following correctly identifies the primary way in which oxygen is transported to the cells? Plasma red blood cells white blood cells plasma proteins - red blood cells A patient has failure of the left side of his heart. Consequently, the blood is backing up into the pulmonary artery and spilling out into the lung tissue, causing him to be short of breath and moderately hypoxic. The EMT should recognize this as a product of: - Increased hydrostatic pressure On scene, a 43-year-old male states that he has a history of liver failure and does not produce enough of the protein albumin. Given this condition, which of the following would you expect? low SpO2 reading form significant edema swelling of the extremities and abdomen elevated temperature and signs of infectiondecreased heart rate and signs of hypoxia - swelling of the extremities and abdomen A patient is hemorrhaging internally within his colon, therein impairing perfusion to the cells of his body. Aside from the bleeding, the patient has no other problems. In this scenario, the problem impairing adequate perfusion would be: - decreased blood volume The EMT would document an FDO2 level when she is: - assisting breathing with a bagvalve-mask the best way to decrease a patient's afterload would be to: - reduce the blood pressure A patient who has lost 1 liter of blood is conscious with a patent airway, but his extremities are pale and cold to the touch. Vital signs are pulse 130, respirations are 22 and adequate, blood pressure is 74, 56, and SpO2 is 95% on room air. Which one of the following is most needed by this patient to increase perfusion to the cells? increased number of red blood cells and plasma volume increased blood pressure by giving IV fluids keeping the patient warm administration of oxygen - Increased number of red blood cells and plasma volume A patient with liver disease suffers from a low platelet count. Which of the following would the EMT directly correlate to this condition? SpO2 90% Bruising to arms Pale skin color Hear rate 92 - Bruising to arms For a patient who is bleeding, which of the following is the immediate response of the human body? vasoconstriction caused by the sympathetic nervous system increased pulse pressure to promote better circulation of oxygen increased production of red blood cells and hemoglobinvasoconstriction caused by the parasympathetic nervous system - vasoconstriction cause by the sympathetic nervous system Which one of the following would result from increasing a patient's preload? decreased blood pressure decreased myocardial contraction increased cardiac output increased oxygen delivery into the lungs - increased cardiac output A patient with high blood pressure takes a medication to slow his hear rate, thus lowering his blood pressure. The EMT would recognize this action as impacting the: - cardiac output baroreceptors function in the body by: - monitoring the blood pressure The EMT would recognize which of the following vital signs as most likely to cause a left ventricular failure? Chronically decreased diastolic blood pressure between 30 and 50 mmHg Chronically decreased systolic blood pressure between 60 and 80 mmHg Chronically elevated diastolic blood pressure between 140 and 150 mmHg Chronically elevated systolic blood pressure between 120 and 140 mmHg - Chronically elevated systolic blood pressure between 120 and 140 mmHg An unresponsive patient is breathing at a rate of 6 breaths per minute. What intervention would be most beneficial for the patient? - Positive pressure ventilation with a rate of 12 and tidal volume of 500 mL. When the cells undergo normal metabolism, which one of the following occurs? Lactic acid is produced and excreted by the kidneys Decreased amounts of oxygen are required ATP is produced and excreted by the lungs Heat, carbon dioxide, and water are produced - Heat, carbon dioxide, and water are producedWhich of the following would directly compromise the average patient's cardiac output? heart rate of 170 bpm blood pressure of 118/52 increased number of circulating WBCs circulatory volume of 5 liters - heart rate of 170 bpm Which one of the following best describes minute ventilation? number of breaths a patient breathes in one minute amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in one minute amount of oxygen needed by the body in one minute total milliliters of air moving into and out of the lungs in one breath - amount of air moved into and out of the lungs in one minute Which one of the following conditions would most likely account for an elevated carbon dioxide level in a patient's body? endocrine system dysfunction lung disease liver injury renal failure - lung disease which of the following best describes the ventilation/perfusion ration? the amount of air that is moved into and out of the lungs in one minute the amount of blood and the pressure at which it carries oxygen throughout the body the ability of the red blood cells to offload oxygen to the cells of the body the ability of the body to exchange gases across the alveolar capillary membrane - the ability of the body to exchange gases across the alveolar capillary membrane When a healthy person has a sudden increase in blood pressure, which one of the following will occur?Baroreceptors will signal the brain to decrease the heart rate the hear rate will increase and blood vessels will constrict chemoreceptors will increase the rate and depth of breathing baroreceptors will directly stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system - baroreceptors will signal the brain to decrease the heart rate Paramedics have administered a medication to a patient in hear failure. The medication specifically causes the veins to enlarge, thus decreasing the amount of blood coming back to the heart for pumping. The EMT would recognize this action as: - preload A patient has been shot three times in the abdomen and ha