Agricultural Studies > QUESTIONS & ANSWERS > USU Intro to Horticulture Exam 3 Review 2022 (All)

USU Intro to Horticulture Exam 3 Review 2022

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Where does the food come from that you find in the grocery store? ... What beneficial services do insects provide to agriculture? Pollination Feed on other insects Breakdown/decay How can insects be plant pests? Defoliation Boring Leaf mining Root feeding Sucking/piercing Disease vector What synchronizes insect generations/populations in temperate climates? Why does this not happen in tropical climates? Temperature driven in tropical their development is Asynchronous which means they all happen at the same time (no synchronize) What are the components of Integrated Pest Management? What is 'integrated' in IPM? ... What is insect scouting? • Keystone of pest management • Estimate current populations • Know damage thresholds • Economic threshold/action threshold • Economic injury level Scouting procedures • Sweep netting • Catch boards • Pheromone traps How do pheromone traps work? What gender of insects are attracted to the traps? • Female pheromone attracts male insects • Count over time to see generations • When counts exceed threshold, then control measures What is a phenology model? What variable drives most models? Phenology models predict time of events in an organism's development. Development of many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment. Philosophy No calendar spraying Treat only to reduce a known population that is approaching the economic injury threshold Use the least toxic and most specific control measure How does mating disruption work for insect management? • Males & females don't mate • Females lay sterile eggs • No larvae hatch from the eggs • Plants aren't damaged • No toxins released into environment • Best results in large contiguous areas • Why? Why is it important to not transport plant materials between geographic locations without looking for stowaway insects? • Hawaii has a new invasive insect pest established every month • Climate is hospitable • Global visitors • Most hitch a ride on plants or in luggage • Checking for produce when entering California Who is at the greatest risk from pesticide exposure? The people who apply it Workers and consumers. but mostly the people who apply them. What is a pesticide? Pesticide law defines a "pesticide" (with certain minor exceptions) as: Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest. Any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant. What are the components of the disease triangle? How can each factor be used to prevent diseases from developing? • Host Genetic resistance Crop rotation Rogue infected plants • Virulent Pathogen Chemical pesticides Sterilants (chlorine, ammonia) Heat--fire • Environment Rain barriers Appropriate site Good pruning, appropriate plant population

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