sensing magnetic fields -Answer--many insects, sharks, bacteria, and migratory birds
-poorly understood mechanisms
--> used in migration
skeletal muscles -Answer--attached to bone
-one end of muscle remains statio
...
sensing magnetic fields -Answer--many insects, sharks, bacteria, and migratory birds
-poorly understood mechanisms
--> used in migration
skeletal muscles -Answer--attached to bone
-one end of muscle remains stationary other moves bone(s) attached to it
muscles -Answer--contain muscle fibers
-made of proteins
actin -Answer-forms polymer (thin filament)
myosin -Answer--elongated protein with a distinct head domain
-forms myosin filament (thick filament)
muscle contraction -Answer-1) ATP binds to myosin head, breaks cross bridge (holds actin and myosin together)
2) energy from ATP used to change myosin to energized state
3) myosin binds to actin, forms cross bridge
4) power stroke
--myosin filament moves actin filament
--myosin now in non-energized state
--ADP & phosphate released
cellular respiration -Answer--breakdown of glucose
--produces energy
-requires O2
gas exchange -Answer--obtain O2, release CO2
-single celled organisms (e.g. bacteria)gas exchange directly through the membrane
-amphibians: cutaneous respiration
--blood vessels near skin surface exchange gases with air
echinoderms -Answer--direct exchange via cells
- use protruding structures to increase surface area
insects -Answer--use trachea to allow gas into the body
-direct exchange from cells
-branched for increased surface area
fish -Answer--blood vessels in gills exchange gases with surrounding water
-gill filaments used to increase surface area
mammals -Answer--use lungs to bring air into the body
-exchange of gases from cells in the body
-alveoli used to increase surface area
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