CST Exam, Questions with accurate answers, 2022/2023. Graded A

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CST Exam Tropicamide >>> 1. Similar to atropine. Produces mydriasis and cycloplegia in eyes. Where should the biological test pack be placed in the steam sterilization cart? >>> The coldest part of... a steam sterilizer and the hardest to reach area by the steam is the bottom front of the sterilizing chamber. Cycloplegics >>> dilate the pupil while inhibiting the ability to focus Tropicamide(Mydriacyl) >>> 1. Anticholinergic used for pupil dilation during eye exams. One gram equals to how much grains >>> 15 grains The commonly used size of suture for peripheral vascular anastomosis of the popliteal artery is >>> 5-0 Penfield dissector >>> The instrument commonly used to separate the dura from the cranium . Scoville spatula >>> Leyla-Yasargil >>> 1. A self-retaining neurosurgical retractor. Rhizotomy >>> 1. cutting the roots of spinal nerves to relieve incurable pain. 2.Severing of a dorsal nerve root to interrupt the reflex arc. 3. resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to reduce pain. Spina bifida >>> The condition evidenced by incomplete closure of the verterbral arches in newborns. Fentanyl citrate(Sublimaze0 >>> Narcotic analgesic Levarterenol >>> 1.Norepinephrine. 2.very strong vasoconstriction. Meperidine >>> 1.Demerol Droperidol >>> 1.Antiemetic 2.Antiemetic; blocks the dopamine stimulation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone; structurally similar to haloperidol. 3.ONDANSETRON. Aeger primo >>> "The patient first"Do no harm >>> Nonmaleficence Kevorkian >>> A type of endocervical curette. Epicardium >>> visceral layer of the serous pericardium. Oscillating Saw >>> goes side to side Reciprocating saw >>> (back and forward). Antrostomy >>> 1. operation to make a nasoantral window (sinus surgery). 2. to treat sinusitis to remove recurrent polyps. Nd:Yag >>> this laser has the greatest ability of any aser to coagulate tissues used to control hemorrhaging during endoscopic procedures and laser of choice to destroy endometrial ablation disinfectant >>> Agent that kills microorganisms on inanimate objects antiseptic >>> A substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms without killing them. Antimicrobial substance that is applied to living tissue (skin) to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis or putrefaction. Meiosis >>> A type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each with half the chromosome number of the parent cell. Ischium >>> 1 Inferior portion, sitting bone. half encircles Obturator Foramen. 2 Butt bones. Pharmacodynamics >>> Generic name >>> 1. AKA NON-PROPRIETARY, OFFICIAL, OR LEGAL NAME. iNDICATES IT CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OR MAKE UP. 2.LESS COMPLICATED THAN CHEMICAL NAMES, ONLY ONE FOR EACH DRUG; ALSO CALLED NON-PROPRIETARY NAMES Thiopental Sodium >>> 1. the intravenous barbiturate general anesthetic used for induction most frequently. 2. Levarterenol >>> 1. Norepinephrine. 2.Increases BP, and cardiac output 3. vasopressor. gram >>> 15 grainThymus >>> 1.A lymphoepithelial organ in the upper part of the middle of the chest, just behind the breastbone. 2. It is the site of T-cell development. Trephine >>> 1. circular, saw-like instrument used to remove bone or tissue. 2.Cookie cutter. Menorrhagia >>> Excessive bleeding during menstruation Dysmenorrhea >>> Painful menstruation Menorrhalgia >>> Synonymous with dysmenrrohea, pelvic pain during menstruation, may be indicative of endometriosis Metrorrhea >>> an abnormal discharge, such as mucus or pus, from the uterus Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitors >>> 1.Acetazolamide. 2. Used to treat glaucoma. Exotoxin >>> toxic substances that bacteria secrete into their environment Striation >>> alternate dark and light bands found on skeletal and cardiac muscle intercalated >>> Interconnect Cardiac Muscle cell Smooth muscle >>> Visceral muscle Ointment >>> UNG(unguentum) Muslin >>> 1. a heavy cotton cloth of plain weave. 2. A generic term for a variety of cotton fabrics. French term is mousseline, and is actually a smooth, delicately woven cotton fabric. 3.Plain weave. 4.cotton fabric. Cotton fabric woven with a plain weave originally came from the Iraqi city of Mosul. Polypropylene >>> gt(gutta) >>> Drop Evisceration >>> Surgical removal of the globe and accessory attachments. Enucleation >>> Total removal of the eye Removal of the entire eyeballMetacarpals >>> 1. Five Bones in the palm. The heads of the Metacarpal are called KNUCKLEs. 2. Bones that connect the wrist bones (carpals) to the phalanges (fingers). Carpals >>> 1. Wrist bones. Carpals >>> 8 bones in each hand; the bones of the wrist; Trapezium, Trapezoid, Capitate, Hamate, Pisiform, Triquetrum, Scaphoid, Lunate Cochlea >>> 1. A coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear through which sound waves trigger nerve impulses. 2.A seashell-shaped structure found in the inner ear. 3. Auditory portion of the inner ear. Its core component is the Organ of Corti, the sensory organ of hearing. The cochlea is filled with a watery liquid, which moves in response to the vibrations coming from the middle ear via the oval window. As the fluid moves, thousands of "hair cells" are set in motion, and convert that motion to electrical signals that are communicated via neurotransmitters to many thousands of nerve cells. anal canal >>> 1. Anal canal is the terminal portion of the large intestine. The narrow , distal part of the large intestine is the anal canal. The rectum is the last 8 inches of the gastrointestinal tract. The terminal 2 inches is the anal canal. Vas deferens >>> 1.The ductus(Vas) deferens stores sperms and propels them toward the Urethra during Ejaculation. Vertebral column >>> 26 vertebrae in an adult. 33 vertebrae in an infant. In infant there are 33 separate bones in the vertebral column. Five bones eventually fuse to form the Sacrum, and Four others join to become the coccyx. As a result, an Adult vertebral column has 26 vertebrae. Ilium >>> 1. lateral portion of the hip bone. 2. The upper,flaring portion or prominence of the hipbone is the ilium. Its superior border is the iliac crest. The internal surface is the iliac fossa. Ethylene oxide >>> 1.Gas; sterilant for heat sensitive plastics, rubbers. Gas, 10 hours at 75 degrees F, and no pressure. 2.A colorless, toxic gas sterilizing agent that is harmless to rubbers and plastics and is a good sterilant for items that can't be autoclaved; able to penetrate most packaging materials: 3. (EtO) gas used to sterilize heat sensitive surgical instruments and other supplies. Can take up to 10 hrs, because packages must be "aired out" before use. broach >>> A broach, also called a rasp, is used to prepare the femoral side of the hip. The surgeon uses the smallest broach and moves successively to larger broaches witha back-and-forth motion to remove the cancellous bone of the femur, which provides for the proper fit of the femoral prosthesis. Green retractor >>> thyroid retractor retracting and exposing knitted polyester >>> 1. synthetic vascular grafts must be pre-clotted. 2. porous for rapid tissue ingrowth, requires pre-clotting to fill all spaces with 30cc of patients blood. Dennis clamp >>> A Dennis intestinal clamp is a long, straight clamp with a relatively long jaw length with longitudinal serrations. During a small bowel resection, the bowel is cross-clamped on each end of the segment of bowel to be excised using double clamps, such as a Dennis clamp. primum non nocere >>> first do no harm Lambotte osteotome >>> Frequently used for cutting bone, such as to obtain a bone graft. When passing instruments to the surgeon, the technologist should hold the instrument by the >>> Hold jaws Weck hemoclip applier >>> Ryder needle holder >>> Gas gangrene >>> 1.Clostridium perfringens. 2.Clostridium Perfringens infections-> causing gas bubbles (hydrogen sulfide) to form-> dissolve cell membranes-> edema, hemolysis, anemia and renal failure. Steris >>> A 30 minute, single use, sterilization system useful for endoscopes. Glutaraldehyde >>> 1.Cidex. Zofran >>> 1.ONDANSETRON. 2.Antiemetic. Avitene >>> Hemostatic agents must be applied dry and only handled with dry gloves and instruments. Gelfoam >>> an absorbable gelatin hemostatic agent that is often soaked in thrombin or epinephrine solution. Oxycel >>> Fentanyl(Sublimaze) >>> 1.Opioid AnalgesicVersed >>> 1.midazolam 2.Antianxiety- used preop and pre-procedure . Sterrad >>> 1. Process that uses hydrogen peroxide gas plasma for fragile instruments such as endoscopes. 2.Sterrad sterilizes instruments in a low-temperature: flexible endoscopes, Ureteroscope, cameras, light cords, batteries, power drills, rigid scopes, and hysteroscopes. Negligence >>> failure to act with the prudence that a reasonable person would exercise under the same circumstances. Specific gravity >>> **1.010-1.030 ***A measure of the density of urine compared with the density of water incise drape( Ioban) >>> a plastic, self adhesive drape that is positioned over the incision site after the surgical skin prep. the incise drape creates a sterile surface over the skin. the incision is made directly through the drape and skin Logan's blow >>> Halon >>> A type of fire extinguisher should is used to extinguish Lasir fire Lithium >>> kittner >>> type of sponge is a tightly rolled cotton tape used by surgeons for blunt dissection? tonsil sponge >>> a rounded sponge approximately walnut size, with string attached Peanut sponge >>> small gauze sponges for blunt dissection or fluid absorption; loaded on clamp Peanut sponge >>> Miller-Abbot tube >>> ***Miller-Abbot tube reaches into small intestines. 1.A tube used to treat obstructions in the small intestine through intubation. 2.provides intestinal decompression Pyloroplasty >>> Surgical widening of the pyloric canal to facilitate emptying of gastric contents into the duodenum. Pyloromyotomy >>> incision of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the pylorus; used to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosisCholedochoscope >>> The scope used for exploration of the biliary system . indirect hernia >>> 1.occur lateral to the deep Epigastric vessels and protrude through the internal inguinal ring and pass with the spermatic cord structures down the inguinal canal; may descend into the scrotum. direct hernia >>> 1. Direct hernia protrude into inguinal canal, but not into the cord. 2. A hernia that occurs within Hesselbach's triangle and does not have a sac. GIA stapler >>> Transect and anastamosis TA >>> 1.thoracoabdominal. 2. TA staples Pilonidal >>> 1.closed sac located in the sacrococcygeal area of the back; sometimes noted at birth as a dimple 2.a cyst or abcess that occurs in the cleft of the buttocks ('cleft of the buttocks' is a nicer way of saying 'butt crack'). LDS >>> instrument used for ligation and division of the omental vessels and vagus nerve Gore-Tex >>> A common trade name for a waterproof fabric that is able to breath by letting water vapor pass through it. The fabric has a coating of polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon). Pantaloon >>> Both direct and indirect hernias are present Koch pouch >>> Sauerbruch >>> Wertheim procedure >>> Radical hysterectomy is en bloc dissection and wide removal of the uterus, tube, ovaries, and supporting ligaments FESS >>> functional endoscopic sinus surgery Rhotons >>> Cigarette drain >>> passive drain; penrose drain with gauze inside encourages fluid to move out of the wound into the dressing by wicking action Culdoscopy >>> examination of Douglas cul-d [Show More]

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