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Presbycusis Hearing loss due to old age Presbyopia impaired vision as a result of aging, difficulty focusing Byssinosis Disease from inhaling cotton fibers. Also called "brown lung diseas... e" or "Monday fever". Reaction against cotton, linen, hemp products in textile/fabric industry. Four (4) types of human errors discussed in Human Factors Engineering. "Errors C.O.S.T. time and money" 1. Commission: doing something wrong 2. Omission: leaving something out 3. Sequence: doing something in the wrong order 4. Timing: doing something out of allotted time, too fast or too slow Does the employers have to post OSHA citations? Yes, for 3 days or until corrected. Audiogram Written record of hearing threshold at specified frequencies. Audiometer a device that can present tones of different frequencies, from low in pitch to high in pitch, at different volumes from soft to loud What dB at 3000 hz during an audiogram means the person can't hear the tone? 30 dB Factors that affect absorption of noise angle to noise source, frequency of noise, density, condition/cleanliness, type of mounting, shape of surface To improve noise absorption through engineering controls, what properties do you want? Good porosity, thickness, air gaps Emissivity Ratio of radiation emitted by a surface to the radiation emitted by a black body at the same temperature. A black body is 1.0 (highest), down to 0 (bright, reflective surfaces). Emissivity of bright metal surfaces Low - less than 0.1 (bright metal is a good reflector), meaning it is good for reducing radiant heat. Emissivity of unpolished surfaces Close to 1.0, which is high, meaning not great for reducing radiant heat. Carpal tunnel affects what nerve and what parts of the hand? Median nerve. Thumb, pointer and ring fingers, NOT the pinky. Inflammation and pain in the wrist. Thenar wasting is sign of advanced disease. Metal Fume Fever Acute condition from brief high exposure to metal fumes (e.g., zinc, magnesium, their oxides). Symptoms appear from 4 to 12 hours after exposure -- fever, shaking chills (flu-like). Recovery is quick. Workers can develop immunity, but a break and re-exposure normally makes it worse. What do altitude changes affect (and not affect) regarding fans? Horsepower needed (air has less mass), static pressure (not as much needed). But the CFM (volumetric rate) is NOT changed by altitude, and neither is RPM of the fan. SCBA & airline respirator rules Must be Grade D or higher; can use high pressure air; oil pumped with filtering is acceptable. Medical oxygen is NOT allowed - dangerous because of increased flammability. Abduction, adduction, flexion, extension Adbuction: increasing angle of arm to body, AWAY. Adduction: decreasing angle of arm to body, TOWARD. Extension: increasing angle of forearm to bicep. Flexion: decreasing angle of forearm to bicep. Grade D breathing air 19.5%-23.5% oxygen <5 mg/m3 of oil <10 ppm CO <1000 ppm CO2. TLV, PEL, IDLH for carbon monoxide TLV of 50 ppm (ACGIH); STEL of 400. IDLH of 1500 ppm (NIOSH) PEL of 35-50 (OSHA); ceiling is 200, instantaneous is 1500. Carbon Monoxide (CO) Air pollution that is a product of combustion of fossil fuels. Flammable, colorless, odorless, poisonous. Chemical asphyxiate. Does NOT harm red blood cells, but reduces their oxygen-carrying capacity. Teratogen an agent or factor that causes malformation of an embryo or fetus. Does not propagate across generational lines. Next best option to electric forklifts for emissions. Convert the forklift to LP gas. Double insulation does not protect against shock in what circumstance? Water, wet locations (Data terms) Random, stratified, systematic, cluster Random: everyone has an equal change. Stratified: separated by layers. Systematic: patterned response. Cluster: confined to a location. pH less than 7 acid pH greater than 7 base activated carbon A form of specially treated, porous carbon, used to absorb various odors and vapors. Has a non-polar surface. Axial flow fans High volume and low pressure drop; general & dilution ventilation; NOT good for LEV; NOT used to move air through a duct; sometimes used for comfort. Centrifugal fans Fan axis is perpendicular to flow -- spits air out 90 degrees. Low noise. Suited to high pressures. Low to moderate static pressures; used in heating & air conditioning; workhorse of industrial hygiene; sometimes called squirrel cages; good for lint, wood chips & dust. Forward blades in centrifugal fan Blades are curved in the direction of rotation. Used whenever a large air volume has to be moved in a tight space. Requires more power, which can overload motors. Backward blades in centrifugal fan Blades are curved in the opposite direction of rotation. More efficient than forward blades. Paddle wheel or long-shaving wheel Used with medium tip speed for buffing exhaust, woodworking exhaust or when heavy dust must pass through the fan. Max travel distance of fire extinguisher in light hazard occupancies 75 ft. Includes places like churches, clubs, education centers, kennels, museums, homes. Inspection items for self-closing doors 1) Lubrication on guides & bearings 2) Binders are not bent, thus obstructing door 3) Chains/wire ropes have not stretched. 4) Fusible links are NOT painted. Main cause of sprinkler system failure 35% of the time: closed water-supply valves. Main cause of leaking sprinkler heads Overheating from being too close to heat-generating processes. How often should sound level meters be calibrated? Before & after each survey Particle sizes Large: silica Small: zinc [Show More]

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