SHRM CP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED. RATED A

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SHRM CP EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALREADY PASSED Career Planning ✔✔Actions & activities that individuals perform in order to give direction to their work lives. Brain drain ✔✔Exit of educ ... ated & skilled citizens from emerging & developing countries for better paying jobs in developed countries. Auditory learners ✔✔People who learn best by relying on their sense of hearing. Andragogy ✔✔Study of how adults learn. Cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) ✔✔Pay adjustment given to eligible employees regardless of performance or organizational profitability; usually linked to inflation. Compa-ratio ✔✔Pay rate divided by the midpoint of the pay range. Broadbanding ✔✔Combining several salary grades or job classifications with narrow pay ranges unto one brand with a wider salary spread. Behavioral interview ✔✔Type of interview that focuses on how applicants previously handled real situations. Applicant tracking software (ATS) ✔✔Software that provides an automated way for organizations to manage the recruiting process. Developmental activities ✔✔Activities that focus on preparing employees for future responsibilities while increasing their capacity to perform their current jobs.Compensation ✔✔All financial returns (beyond any benefits payments or services), including salary and allowances. Career development ✔✔Process by which employees progress through a series of stages in their careers, each of which is characterized by relatively unique, themes, and tasks. Benefits ✔✔Payments or services provided to employees to cover issues such as retirement, health care, sick pay/disability schemes, life insurance, and paid time off. Apprenticeship ✔✔Related to technical skills training; often a partnership between employers and unions. Competency-based interview ✔✔Type of interview in which the interviewer asks questions related to competencies for the position and asks candidates to provide examples of times they demonstrated the competencies. ADDIE model ✔✔5 step instructional design process that governs the development of learning programs. Assessment centers ✔✔Assessment tools that provide candidates a wide range of leadership situations and problem-solving exercises. Blended learning ✔✔Planned approach to learning that included a combination of instructor-led training, self-directed study, and /or on-the-job training. Career management ✔✔Preparing, implementing, and monitoring employees' career paths, with a primary focus on the goals and needs of the organization.Competencies ✔✔Clusters of highly interrelated attributes, including knowledge, skills, or abilities (KSA) that give rise to the behaviors needed to perform a given job effectively. Strategy ✔✔A plan of action for accomplishing an organization's long-range goals. SWOT analysis ✔✔Process for assessing an organization's strategic capabilities in comparison to threats and opportunities identified during environmental scanning. Value drivers ✔✔Actions, processes, or results that are needed to deliver a desired value. Vision statement ✔✔Vivid, guiding image of an organization's desired future, the future it hopes to attain through its strategy. Organizational values ✔✔Beliefs that are important to an organization and often dictate employee behavior. Strategic fit ✔✔A state in which an organization's strategy is consistent with its external opportunities and circumstances and its internal structure, resources, and capabilities. Strategic management ✔✔The actions that leaders take to move their organizations toward those goals and create value for all stakeholders. Strategic planning ✔✔The process of setting goals and designing a path toward a competitive position. Metrics ✔✔Performance parameters based on the relationship between 2 or more measures. Mission statement ✔✔Statement that specifies what activities an organization intends to pursue and what course management has carted for the future; a concise statement of its strategy.Net profit margin ✔✔Ratio of net income (gross sales minus expenses and taxes) to net sales. Organizational culture ✔✔The basic beliefs and customs shared by members of an organization that contribute to an organization's sense of its identity. Income statement ✔✔Statement that reports revenues, expenses, and net income (profit) for a specified period. Lagging indicator ✔✔Type of metric that describes an activity that has already occurred. Leading indicator ✔✔Type of metric that describes an activity that can change future performance and indicate higher degree of success in achieving strategic goals. Liabilities ✔✔Organization's debts and other financial obligations. Due diligence ✔✔Necessary level of care and attention that is taken to investigate an action before it is taken. Environmental scanning ✔✔Process that involves a systematic survey and interpretation of relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats and to assess how these factors affect the organization currently and how they are likely to affect the organization in the future. Equity ✔✔Amount of owners' or shareholders' portion of a business. Gross profit margin ✔✔Ratio of gross profit to net sales. Benchmarking ✔✔Process that compares performance levels and/or processes of one entity with those of another to identify performance gaps and set goals aimed at improving performance.Blue ocean strategies ✔✔Strategies that generate competitive advantage by creating a new marketplace arena in which there are no other competitors. Business case ✔✔Presentation to management that establishes that a specific problem exists and argues that the proposed solution is the best way to solve the problem in terms of time, cost efficiency, and probability of success. Cash flow statement ✔✔Statement the shows incoming and outgoing cash in the areas of operations, investments, and financing and remaining cash reserves; reflects an organization's ability to meet its current and short-term obligations. Accounts payable ✔✔Money an organization owed its vendors and suppliers. Accounts receivable ✔✔Money an organization's customers owe the organization. Assets ✔✔Financial, physical, and sometimes intangible properties an organization owns. Balance sheet ✔✔Statement that reports the financial position of the organization at a specific point in time; shows assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity. Vicarious liability ✔✔Legal doctrine under which a party can be held liable for the wrongful actions of another party. Weingarten rights ✔✔Union employees' right in U.S. to have a union representative or coworker present during an investigatory interview. Worker Adjustment and Retraining Notification (WARN) Act ✔✔U.S. act that requires some employers to give a minimum of 60 days' notice if a plant is to close or is mass layoffs will occur.Workweek ✔✔Any fixed, recurring period of 168 consecutive hours (7 days time 24 hours = 168 hrs) Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures ✔✔Procedural document designed to assist employers in complying with federal regulations prohibiting discrimination. Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Rights Act (USERRA) ✔✔U.S. act that protects the employment reemployment, and retention rights of persons who serve or have served in the uniformed services. Vesting ✔✔Process by which a retirement benefit becomes nonforfeitable. Veto ✔✔Action of rejecting a bill or statute. Stakeholders ✔✔All those affected by an organization's social, environmental, and economic impact shareholders, employees, customers, suppliers, regulators, and local communities. Sustainability ✔✔Practices that balance economic, social, and environmental interests to secure the interests of present and future generations. Totaization agreements ✔✔Bilateral agreements entered into by many countries to eliminate double taxation for individuals on international assignments. Triple bottom line ✔✔Economic, social, and environmental impact metrics used to determine an organization's success. Risk management ✔✔Identification, evaluation, and control of risk that may affect an organization, typically incorporating the use of insurance and other strategies.Risk position ✔✔An organization's desired gain or acceptable loss in value. Risk scorecard ✔✔Tool used to gather individual assessments of various characteristics of risk (e.g. frequency of occurrence, degree of impact/loss/gain for the organization, degree of efficacy of current controls). Risk tolerance ✔✔Amount of uncertainty an organization is willing to pursue or to accept to attain its risk management. Reverse innovation ✔✔Innovations created for or by emerging-economy markets and then imported to developed-economy markets. Risk ✔✔The effect of uncertainty or objectives; outcomes may include opportunities or threats. Risk appetite ✔✔Amount of risk the organization or function is willing to pursue or accept to attain its goals. Risk control ✔✔An action taken to manage a risk. Redeployment ✔✔Process by which an organization moves an employee out of an international assignment; can involve moving back to the home country, moving to a different global location, or moving to a new location or position in the current host country. Regulation ✔✔A rule or order issues by an administrative agency; often has the force of law. Repatriation ✔✔Process of reintegrating employees back into the home country after an assignment; includes adjustment to the new job and readjustment to the home culture and conditions.Residual risk ✔✔Amount of uncertainty that remains after all risk management efforts have been exhausted. Protected class ✔✔People who are covered under a particular federal or state anti-discrimination law. Prudent person rule ✔✔States that an Employee Retirement Income Security Act plan fiduciary has legal and financial obligations not to take more risks when investing employee benefit program funds than a reasonable knowledgeable, prudent investor would under similar circumstances. Public comment period ✔✔Time allowed for the public to express its views and concerns regarding an action of an administrative agency. Quid pro quo harassment ✔✔Type of sexual harassment that occurs when an employee is forces to choose between giving in to a superior's sexual demands and forfeiting an economic benefit such as a pay increase, a promotion, or continues employment. Portal-to-Portal Act ✔✔U.S. act that defines what is included as hours worked and is therefore compensable and a factor in calculating overtime. Pregnancy Discrimination Act ✔✔U.S. act that prohibits discrimination on the basis of pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions. Principal-agent problem ✔✔Situation in which and agent (e.g. an employee) make decisions for a principal (e.g. an employer) potentially on the basis of personal incentives that may not be aligned with the agent's incentives. Process alignment ✔✔Extent to which underlying operations such as IT, finance, or HR integrate across locations.Overtime pay ✔✔Required for nonexempt workers under U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act at 1.5 time the regular rate of pay for hours worked over 40 in a workweek. Patient Protections and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) ✔✔2010 U.S. law the requires virtually all citizens and legal residents to have minimum health coverage and requires employers with more than 50 full-time employees to provide health coverage that meets minimum benefit specifications or pay a penalty. Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) ✔✔Set up by U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act to insure payment of benefits in the even that a private-sector defined benefit pension plan terminates with insufficient funds to pay the benefits. Phillips v. Martin Marietta Corporation ✔✔1971 U.S. case that stated than an employer may not, in the absence of business necessity, refuse to hire women with preschool aged children while hiring men with such children. Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSH) ✔✔U.S. act that established the first national policy for safety and health and continues to deliver standards that employers must meet to guarantee the health and safety of their employees. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) ✔✔U.S. agency that administers and enforces the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. Offshoring ✔✔Situation in which a company relocated processes or production to an international location by means of subsidiaries or 3rd party affiliates. Older Workers Benefit Protection Act (OWBPA) ✔✔U.S. act that amended the Age Discrimination in Employment Act to included all employee benefits; also provided standards that an employee's waiver of the right to sue for age discrimination must meet in order to be upheld by a court.NLRB v. Weingarten ✔✔Landmark 1975 U.S. labor relations case the dealt with the right of a unionized employee to have another person present during certain investigatory interviews. Nonexempt employees ✔✔Employees covers under U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act regulations, including minimum wage and overtime pay requirements. Occupational illness ✔✔Medical condition or disorder, other than one resulting from an occupational injury, caused by exposure to environmental factors associated with employment. Occupational injury ✔✔Injury that results from a work-related accident or exposure involving a single incident int he work environment. National Defense Authorization Acts (NDAA) ✔✔U.S. acts that expanded FMLA leave for employees with family members who are covered members of the military. National Federation of Independent Business v Sebelius ✔✔U.S. Supreme Court ruling that Patient Protections and Affordable Care Act requirement that individuals purchase health insurance was constitutional but that requirement that states expand Medicaid was not. National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) ✔✔U.S. act that protects and encourages the growth of the union movement. The act established workers rights to organize and bargain collectively with the employers; also known as the Wagner Act. National origin ✔✔Refers to the country (including those that no longer exist) of one's birth or of one's ancestors' birth. Low-context culture ✔✔Society in which people tend to have many social connections but of shorter duration and where behavior and beliefs may need to be described explicitly so that those coming into the cultural environment know how to behave.Merger/acquisition (M&A) ✔✔Combination of 2 separate firms either by their joining together as relative equals (merger) or by one acquiring the other (acquisition). Moral hazard ✔✔Situation in which one party engages in risky behavior knowing that is is protected against the risk because another party will incur any resulting loss. Multinational enterprise (MNE) ✔✔Organization that owns or controls production or services facilities in one or more countries other than the home country. Lechmere, Inc. v NLRB ✔✔1992 case in which the U.S. Supreme Court rules that an employer cannot be compelled to allow non-employee organizers onto the business property. Ledbetter v Goodyear Tire & Rubber Co, ✔✔2007 case in which the U.S. Supreme Court rules that claims of sex discrimination in pay under Title VII were not timely because discrimination charges were not filed with the EEOC within the required 180-day time frame. Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act ✔✔U.S. act the creates a rolling time frame for filing wage discrimination claims and expands plaintiff field beyond employee who was discriminated against. Local responsiveness (LR) strategy ✔✔Globalization strategy that emphasizes adapting to the needs of local markets and allows subsidiaries to develop unique products, structures, and systems. Insourcing ✔✔Transferring a previously outsourced function back in-house. Key risk indicators (KRIs) ✔✔Metrics that provide an early signal of increasing risk exposures in the various areas of an enterprise.Labor-Management Relations Act (LMRA) ✔✔U.S. act that provides balance of power between union and management by designating certain union activities as unfair labor practices; also knows as Taft-Hartley Act. Labor-Management Reporting and Disclosure Act (LMRDA) ✔✔U.S. act that protects the rights of union members from corrupt or discriminatory labor unions; also known as Landrum-Griffin Act. Hostile environment harassment ✔✔Occurs when sexual or other discriminatory conduct is so severe and pervasive that it interferes with an individual's performance; creates an intimidating, threatening, or humiliating work environment; or perpetuates a situation that affects the employee's psychological well-being. Identity alignment ✔✔Extent to which diversity is is embraced in management of people, products/services, and branding. Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) ✔✔U.S. act that prohibits discrimination against jobs applicant on the basis of national origin or citizenship; establishes penalties for hiring illegal aliens and requires employers to establish each employee's identity and eligibility to work. Inclusion ✔✔Extent to which each person in an organization feels welcomed, respected, supported, and valued as a team member. Governance ✔✔System of rules and processes an organization puts in place to ensure its compliance with local and international laws, accounting rules, ethical norms, and its own codes of conduct. Griggs v Duke Power ✔✔U.S. case that recognized adverse impact discrimination.Hazard ✔✔Potential for harm, often associated with a condition or activity that, if left uncontrolled, can result in injury or illness. High-context culture ✔✔Society or group where people have close connections over a long period of time and where many aspects of behavior are not made explicit, because most members know what to do and thing from years of interaction. Global integration (GI) strategy ✔✔Globalization strategy that emphasizes consistency of approach, standardization of processes, and a common corporate culture across global operations. Global remittances ✔✔Monies sent back home by migrants working in foreign countries. Globalization ✔✔Growing interconnectedness and interdependency of countries, people, and companies. Glocalization ✔✔Characteristic of an organization with a strong global image but an equally strong local identity. Gender ✔✔Refers to the society constructed system that associates masculinity or femininity to certain roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes. Gender identity ✔✔Refers to one's internal, personal sense of being a man or a woman (or boy or girl), which may or may not be the same as one's sexual assignment at birth. General Duty Clause ✔✔Statement in U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act that requires employers subject to OSHA to provide employees with a safe and healthy work envrionment. Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) ✔✔U.S. act that prohibits discrimination against individuals on the basis of their genetic information in both employment and health insurance.Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) ✔✔U.S. act that protects privacy of background information and ensures that information supplies is accuate. Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) ✔✔U.S. act that establishes minimum wage, overtime pay, youth employment, and record-keeping standards affecting full-time and part-time workers in the private sector and in federal, state, and local governments. Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) ✔✔U.S. act that provides employees with up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for family members or because of a serious [Show More]

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