Med Surg 1 HESI Final T2, Questions with accurate answers. Rated A. 2022/2023

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Med Surg 1 HESI Final T2, Questions with accurate answers. Rated A. 2022/2023 1. A nurse is visiting a client who is receiving home health care, focusing on medication and dietary instructions an... d management of heart failure. The nurse should reinforce which instruction? A.) If you feel tired and short of breath, lie down flat and prop up your feet. B.) Eating liver several times a week will help build up your strength. C.) Your daily dose of furosemide should be taken first thing in the morning. D.) The dose of enalapril will help prevent vasodilation from occurring. - ✔✔Answer: C 2. A nurse planning care for a client who has undergone transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) remembers that the most common cause of postoperative pain is which factor? A.) Bladder spasms B.) Bleeding within the bladder C.) The location of the incision D.) Tension on the Foley catheter - ✔✔Answer: A 3. A nurse assessing the skin of a client who is immobile notes this change in appearance of the skin in the sacral area: The nurse documents this finding in which way? A.) Stage I pressure ulcer B.) Stage II pressure ulcer C.) Stage III pressure ulcer D.) Stage IV pressure ulcer - ✔✔Answer: A 4. A nurse reinforces teaching given to a client with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) about measures to manage the disease. What does the nurse encourage the client to do to obtain relief of the symptoms? A.) Limit intake of coffee and tea. B.) Eat three large, well-balanced meals per day. C.) Rest in a supine position for 30 minutes after each meal. D.) Elevate the head of the bed at least 6 to 8 inches for sleep. - ✔✔Answer: D 5. A nurse provides instructions to a client who is taking allopurinol for the treatment of gout. Which statements by the client indicate an understanding of the medication? A.) "I need to take the medication 1 hour before I eat." B.) "I need to drink at least 8 glasses of fluid every day." C. "I'll start taking a vitamin C supplement each morning." D.) "I can use an antihistamine lotion if I get an itchy rash." - ✔✔Answer: B 6. A client with phantom limb pain has decided to use transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as prescribed by the health care provider. The nurse reinforces instructions regarding the use of the TENS unit. Which statements by the client indicate a need for further instruction regarding this pain-relief measure? A.) "I'm so glad this will help relieve the pain." B.) "Now I won't need to take so many pain medications." C.) "I need to put the electrodes on the areas that you marked." D.) "I'm not sure I'm going to like having those electrodes attached to my skin." - ✔✔Answer: C 7. A hospitalized client has just been found to have acute renal failure (ARF). The laboratory calls the nursing unit and reports that the client has a serum potassium level of 6.4 mEq/L. On the basis of this laboratory finding, the nurse should first take which action? A.) Call the health care provider B.) Check the client's sodium level C.) Encourage the client to increase fluid intake D.) Have the client decrease intake of potassium-rich foods - ✔✔Answer: A 8. A nurse is caring for a client who has just had a plaster leg cast applied. Which measure does the nurse implement to prevent the development of compartment syndrome? A.) Elevating the limb and applying ice to the affected leg B.) Elevating the limb and covering the limb with bath blankets C.) Keeping the leg horizontal and applying ice to the affected leg D.) Placing the leg in a slightly dependent position and applying ice to the affected leg - ✔✔Answer: A 9. On the first day after undergoing total knee arthroplasty, the client tells the nurse that he is experiencing pain when he extends his leg. The nurse should take which action? A.) Notify the health care provider immediately B.) Administer an analgesic and evaluate the response C.) Immobilize the knee temporarily and contact the health care provider to report pain D.) Put the client's knee through full passive range of motion to assess tolerance - ✔✔Answer: B 10. A nurse in the emergency department is assisting with data collection from a client who sustained an open leg fracture in a fall from a ladder. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask the client? A.) "When was your last tetanus vaccine?" B.) "Have you ever had a tuberculin test?" C.) "Have you had a chest x-ray recently?" D.) "When was your last physical examination?" - ✔✔Answer: A 11. A client who sustained an extensive full-thickness burn injury is being admitted to the nursing unit. Which prescription by the health care provider would the nurse question? A.) Insert Foley catheter and check urine output each hour. B.) Maintain nasogastric tube with low intermittent suction. C.) Assess vital signs, oxygen saturation, and level of consciousness each hour. D. Administer morphine sulfate 6 mg intramuscularly every 3 hours as needed. - ✔✔Answer: D 12. A nurse reinforces dietary instructions to a client with viral hepatitis whose laboratory results indicate liver impairment. The nurse provides the client with which information? A.) To increase intake of foods high in protein to promote healing B.) To consume mainly high-fat foods because they are better tolerated C.) That most calorie intake should consist of foods high in carbohydrates D.) That snacks, particularly those that are salty, are an important part of the diet - ✔✔Answer: C 13. A nurse is checking a client's closed chest drainage system and notes rapid bubbling in the water seal chamber. The nurse checks the system for an air leak but does not find one. The nurse interprets this in which way? A.) The pneumothorax is resolving. B.) The degree of suction needs to be decreased. C.) There is an incision or tear in the pulmonary pleura. D.) The suction applied to the system is not working correctly. - ✔✔Answer: C 14. A nurse has taught a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) about positions that will ease breathing during dyspneic episodes. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? A.) "I should sit up and lean on a table." B.) "I should stand and lean against a wall." C.) "I should lie flat on my side in a fetal position." D.) "I should sit up with my elbows resting on my knees." - ✔✔Answer: C 15. A nurse caring for a client with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer is monitoring the client for signs of perforation. Which findings would cause the nurse to suspect perforation? A.) Bradycardia B.) Abdominal rigidity C.) A sudden bout of diarrhea D.) Projectile vomiting of bile - ✔✔Answer: B 16. A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure (CRF). Which early sign of CRF does the nurse expect to note during data collection? A.) Restlessness B.) Temperature of 99.8°F C.) Pulse of 110 beats/min D.) Blood pressure of 168/94 mm Hg - ✔✔Answer: D 17. A nurse is assisting with data collection of a client with angina pectoris. The client reports that the anginal pain is triggered by exercise and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. In the client's record, the nurse notes that the client is experiencing which situation? A.) Stable angina B.) Variant angina C.) Unstable angina D.) Nonanginal pain - ✔✔Answer: A 18. A client who was exposed to cold for a prolonged period is brought to the emergency department. The nurse, conducting an assessment of the client, notes acute frostbite of the fingers of the left hand. Which action should the nurse take immediately? A.) Placing the client's fingers in cold water for 15 to 20 minutes B.) Placing the client's fingers in warm water for 15 to 20 minutes C.) Placing the client's fingers in warm water for 5 minutes, then debriding any obvious blisters D.) Placing the client's fingers in cold water for 10 minutes and then warm water for 10 minutes and continuing this pattern for 1 hour - ✔✔Answer: B 19. A client who is experiencing chest pain is brought to the emergency department by a family member. Assessing the client, the nurse obtains a description of the client's chest pain. Which information from the client causes the nurse to determine that the client's pain is most likely angina? A.) The pain is unrelieved by rest. B.) The pain is unrelieved by nitroglycerin. C.) The pain was precipitated by a stressful event. D.) The pain is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, diaphoresis, and dyspnea - ✔✔Answer: C 20. A nurse provides home care instructions to a client with bacterial infective endocarditis. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? A.) "I need to let my dentist know that I had this infection." B.) "I need to take antibiotics before I have any invasive procedures." C.) "I should check my temperature every day and call the doctor if I have a fever." D.) "I need to be sure to floss my teeth and use an electric toothbrush." - ✔✔Answer: [Show More]

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