high-grade reflux in females that persists into adulthood with no clear secondary cause - surgical
repair
multiple 2nd trimester spontaneous abortions - cervical cerclage
erythematous knee with effusion and fever - ar
...
high-grade reflux in females that persists into adulthood with no clear secondary cause - surgical
repair
multiple 2nd trimester spontaneous abortions - cervical cerclage
erythematous knee with effusion and fever - arthrocentesis [ need to tell apart gout from septic
arthritis]
spontaneous pneumothorax in a tall young man - supplemental oxygen
clue cells seen in vaginal swab in a fertile woman - oral metronidazole
acute open-angle glaucoma - 1)beta-2-antagonist eye drops i.e. timolol, betaxolol
2) carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
3) if medication fails, then a trabeculoplasty or trabeculectomy can improve aqueous drainage
chronic sinusitis - CT scan of the face (coronal section)
someone with tinnitus, progressive hearing loss, and multiple episodes of vertigo - dietary
restrictions- particularly of caffeine, salt, and tobacco (Meniere's disease)
someone that comes in with headaches and shows papilledema in the opthalmic exam - CT scan of
the head non-contrast - r/o mass
treament for scabies - permethrinScaphoid fracture that is negative on X-ray - spica cast and re-evaluate in 2~3 weeks
3-hour old infant with poor feeding who vomits green material and has a double-bubble on KUB -
decompression of the GI tract...requires nasogastric tube
mini-mental status exam of <24 - neuropsychologic testing to rule-out alzheimer's (other causes of
dementia)
cord compression confirmed with CT-spine - dexamethasone ( before MRI of the spine to goldstandard confirm cord compression)
borderline personality disorder - dialectical behavioral therapy
Pulmonary edema in acute CHF exacerbation - 100% O2 therapy
Pulmonary edema in acute CHF exacerbation after 100% O2 therapy - IV furosemide
supraventricular tachycardia with HR=160 bpm with p-wave preceding all QRS sinus rhythm -
Vagal manuevers first -carotid massage, then valsalva , then pharmacological-CCBs or adenosine
Asymptomatic aortic stenosis - Hydrocholorothiazide to reduce preload
Hypertension with underlying diabetes type 2 - ACE-inhibitor or ARB
Syncope with normal vitals and no previous episodes - Check the electrolytes and medications -
thiazide diuretics can cause hypokalemia and arrythmia
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