Anatomy and Physiology Test 1/2/3/4/5/6/7 Questions and Answers latest updated

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Explain two reasons why a woman with low levels of LH would not be able to become pregnant. (1) LH acts on the ovary to cause ovulation to occur. (2) LH causes progesterone release to facilitate pote... ntial fertilization of the egg and pregnancy. Progesterone is a key hormone for the maintenance of pregnancy. Would you expect a female to have testosterone in their bloodstream? Explain why or why not. (1) Yes. Both male and female bodies produce "all" the sex hormones. However, the ratios are different. (2) The adrenal glands are largely responsible for producing this "opposite" hormone that the ovaries would not. Explain the concept of negative feedback and how it helps to maintain homeostasis. 1- The effect or increased level of the hormone acts to shut down the continued release of the hormone. 2- The brain is constantly monitoring hormone levels to keep levels within a certain range or set-point (homeostasis). Negative feedback is a way of "turning off" hormone production when the desired level is achieved This type of hormone is derived from proteins: A. Peptide hormones B. Catecholamines C. Steroid hormones D. Tyrosine A. Peptide hormones Growth hormone______ A. is most active during adulthood. B. is produced by the anterior pituitary gland. C. underproduction is called acromegaly. D. A &C B. is produced by the anterior pituitary gland. Neurosecretory cells are a part of what endocrine organ? A. Thalamus B. Pituitary C. Cerebellum D. Hypothalamus D. Hypothalamus Which hormone production is decreased with sunlight? A. MSH -melanocyte stimulating hormone B. melatonin C. cortisol D. GH -Growth hormone B. melatonin The posterior pituitary stores these two hormones: A. ADH and Prolactin B. TSH and LH C. LH and FSH D. ADH and Oxytocin D. ADH and oxytocin I lower the level of calcium in the blood by depositing calcium into bone. Calcitonin I am the secreted by the pituitary and stimulate the gonads. FSH or LH (Gonadotropic hormones) I am secreted by the pituitary to stimulate the adrenal cortex. ACTH I secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas. Glucagon Explain why it would be harmful to have an increased secretion of ACTH in someone who is diabetic. ACTH controls the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. Increased levels of ACTH would cause increased levels of cortisol within the blood. Cortisol increases blood glucose levels which will decrease the effectiveness of insulin treatments. Where is thyroid stimulating hormone produced? A. Pineal B. Thyroid C. Thymus D. Anterior Pituitary E. Posterior Pituitary D. Anterior Pituitary Which gland decreases in size with age? A. Thyroid B. Thymus C. Pituitary D. Adrenal B. Thymus Iodine is needed to produce which hormone/s? A. Gonadotropic B. T3 C. T4 D. TSH E. B & C E. B&C (Thyroid hormones cannot be produced without iodine) Which of the following is NOT a function of oxytocin? A. Growth of uterus and vagina B. Uterine contraction C. Milk letdown D. Given to aid in childbirth process A. Growth of uterus and vagina Which hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary? A. TSH, MSH, and calcitonin B. ADH, GH, and prolactin C ACTH, FSH, and GH. D. PTH, TSH, and LH ACTH, FSH and GH Explain in detail why the thyroid becomes enlarged during an iodine deficiency? When there is a low level of thyroxin in the blood, the anterior pituitary continues to produce TSH. The thyroid responds by increasing in size and producing a goiter, but this increase in size is ineffective because active thyroxin cannot be produced without iodine. Matching each of the following conditions with the one best explanation (1-5): 1. Jet Lag 2. Pituitary dwarf 3. Acromegaly 4. Inflammation 5. Tetany A. Underproduction of GH as a child B. Overproduction of GH as a child C. Overproduction of GH as an adult D. Results if PTH is not produced in response to low blood calcium E. Cortisol helps to counteract this condition F. Melatonin production is produced according to body's normal rhythm G. Lack of erythropoietin to act on the bone marrow H. Results if calcitonin is not produced in response to low blood calcium 1. Jet Lag F. Melatonin production is produced according to body's normal rhythm 2. Pituitary dwarf A. Underproduction of GH as a child 3. Acromegaly C. Overproduction of GH as an adult 4. Inflammation E. Cortisol helps to counteract this condition 5. Tetany D. Results if PTH is not produced in response to low blood calcium In addition to the endocrine system, the hypothalamus is also part of which system? A. Excretory B. Nervous C. Circulatory D. Digestive B. Nervous What hormone/s are produced by the adrenal medulla? A. Epinephrine B. Glucocorticoids C. Mineralocorticoids D. B & C A. Epinephrine Which of the following is true regarding aldosterone? A. It is regulated by the anterior pituitary. B. It causes the kidneys to retain potassium and excrete sodium. C. It causes the kidneys to excrete potassium and retain sodium. D. It causes "fight or flight" responses in times of emergency. E. It decreases blood pressure. C. It causes the kidneys to excrete potassium and retain sodium. If you were experiencing kidney disease, what hormone level would be low and what would occur? A. PTH, tetany B. Calcitonin, tetany C. Erythropoietin, anemia D. Erythropoietin, stress response C. Erythropoietin, anemia Which of the following is false regarding testosterone? A. Production is highest in childhood. B. It causes growth of the sex organs. C. It is required for the maturation of sperm. D. It causes males to have a wider pelvis (compared to females). D. It causes males to have a wider pelvis. Add or Remove Terms [Show More]

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