NUR 3405 Quiz 1 Questions & Answers, rated A. 2022/2023. 100% verified

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NUR 3405 Quiz 1 Questions & Answers, rated A. 2022/2023. 100% verified Which type of evidence based on the evidence hierarchy is considered to be the strongest? - ✔✔systematic review Met... a synthesis is defined as the critical appraisal of what type of research? - ✔✔Qualitative One advantage of meta analysis as an integration is: - ✔✔objectivity Which database contains a collection of systematic reviews that can be used to answer clinical questions? - ✔✔Cochrane Collection Database Which of the following two resources would provide the highest level of evidence to support practice? -Meta Analysis -A report from a colleague -A single randomized controlled trial -Systematic Review - ✔✔Meta analysis and systematic review The nurse differentiates between types of systematic reviews. Which type includes only qualitative studies? - ✔✔Meta synthesis The nurse examines characteristics of systematic reviews. Which quality would always be part of systematic reviews? - ✔✔They are developed through standard sampling and data procedures. The nurse locates a meta analysis study on a clinical topic. When evaluating the research question or hypothesis for the individual studies, what characteristic is to be expected? - ✔✔The questions or hypothesis across studies should be essentially identical. A nurse summarizes the pattern of levels of evidence for practice. Which type of report would likely contain the strongest evidence? - ✔✔systematic review of quantitative studies The nurse determines the strength of evidence for application to practice based on study design. Rank order these types of reports based on the hierarchy of evidence. - ✔✔1)Systematic review of all relevant RCTs 2)Evidence obtained from well-designed RCTs 3)Evidence from controlled trials without randomization 4)Evidence from single descriptive studies 5)Evidence from the opinion of experts The right of research study participants to be free from harm and discomfort includes physical harm as well as psychological harm. True or False. - ✔✔True Which of the following are examples of research misconduct? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔Falsification, Plagiarism, Fabrication The ethical principle of justice includes research participant's right to: - ✔✔Fair treatment Which of the following is an ethical principle for protecting human research subjects? - ✔✔Beneficence The last major transgression of ethical principles in the conduct of research occurred in the experiments conducted by the Nazis. - ✔✔False When addressing highly emotional issues, a nurse researcher uses interview strategies to minimize subjects' anxiety. Which ethical principle does this most clearly represent? - ✔✔Beneficence As a member of an institutional review board, a nurse researcher uses the Belmont Report as a guide. What are the three primary ethical principles addressed by the Belmont Report? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔Justice, Beneficence, Respect for human dignity A nurse researcher develops an informed consent form, revealing study risks and benefits. Which ethical principle is most closely linked to informed consent? - ✔✔Respect for human dignity The nurse studies historic ethical violations in research, including the Nazi medical experiments conducted during World War II. Which ethical document was written as a result of these experiments? - ✔✔Nuremburg Code When studying ethics in research, the nurse learns about researcher responsibilities. What is an example of researcher misconduct? - ✔✔Ignoring data outliers and changing final results An institutional review board reviews the scientific merits of completed research. - ✔✔False Which of the following examples do not require IRB approval? - ✔✔An evidence-based project Study participant's right to privacy is protected through - ✔✔Confidentiality procedures A risk that is expected to be no greater than those ordinarily encountered in daily life is considered to be what type of risk? - ✔✔Minimal Risk All research studies using human subjects must be approved by an institutional review board. - ✔✔True A nurse researcher gave the option for study participants to change their mind and withdraw from the study at any time. Which of the five human rights was being adhered to? - ✔✔Self-determination A nurse researcher enters a numerical code on the data sheet for each participant completing a questionnaire. No other identifying information is listed on the questionnaire. This is an example of the human rights protection of: - ✔✔anonymity A nurse studying research and human rights protection reviewed the Tuskegee syphilis study and Nazi war crimes. These horrific research studies violated which human rights? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔Protection from discomfort and harm, Privacy and dignity, Self-determination, Fair treatment An Institutional Review Board (IRB) reviewed a study on hypertension in adults. Only Caucasian participants were included as study subjects. Which IRB safeguard was violated by this study? - ✔✔Ensuring subject selection is fair A nurse researcher wants to study how adults cope with chronic illness. Which individual would be considered part of a vulnerable population, and should receive additional protection if included in a research study? - ✔✔John, ulcerative colitis, hospitalized in the ICU with GI bleeding Assent refers to a child's agreement to participate in a research study. True or False - ✔✔True Which of the following are considered to be vulnerable populations? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔Pregnant women, Children, Severely ill patients When research study participants have adequate information about the study, understand the information, and can consent or decline to participate in the study, this is referred to as: - ✔✔Informed consent An example of implied consent is when a person returns a completed questionnaire to the researcher. - ✔✔TRUE A nurse researcher is designing a consent form. Which content is necessary to include in informed consent? - ✔✔Potential risks and benefits When submitting a study to the Institutional Review Board (IRB), a nurse researcher knows that the IRB will perform which function? (Select all that apply.) - ✔✔Risk-benefit assessment, Review of consent form, Protection of human subjects A researcher sends out a questionnaire over the Internet and tells people not to put identifying information in their responses. Which human subject protection procedure is being demonstrated? - ✔✔Anonymity A researcher meets with participants after data have been collected to tell them more about the study and ask if they have questions or concerns. Which human subject protection procedure is being demonstrated? - ✔✔Debriefing A researcher tells people their participation in a study is purely voluntary, and they can withdraw at any time. Which human subject protection procedure is being demonstrated? - ✔✔Informed consent When using the PICOT format to develop a clinical question, a time frame must always be specified. - ✔✔false Which of the following research questions represents correct use of the PICOT format for a clinical question? - ✔✔In patients older than the age of 65 years, how does immunization with influenza vaccine compared with no immunization with flu vaccine influence the possibility of contracting influenza during flu season? Using the PICOT format for developing a clinical question, the letter "P" represents which component of the question? - ✔✔population A nurse researcher is interested in developing an answerable question to solve a clinical problem and improve patient care. The first step is developing background and foreground questions. Which of the following is a characteristic of a background question? - ✔✔They are foundational questions about a clinical issue. A nurse learns how to write PICOT questions. When writing these clinical questions, what component is not always specified? - ✔✔time The variables that represent the end result of the intervention being tested (results such as wound healing or improved mobilization) would be included in which PICOT component? - ✔✔outcome A nurse learns about asking clinical questions in a standard format. Rank order these terms to match the standard EBP acronym. - ✔✔1)Population 2)Intervention 3)Comparison 4)Outcome 5)Time The variables signifying standard or usual care would be included in which PICOT component? - ✔✔comparison The variables of "hospitalized adults with diabetes, infants with feeding problems, and immunocompromised adults" would be included in which PICOT component? - ✔✔Population It is not necessary to include a citation and reference for a YouTube video because this is not considered to be a reference source.True or False - ✔✔false [Show More]

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