Health Care > EXAM REVIEW > RCP Final Exam Review | 280 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified | 30 Pages (All)

RCP Final Exam Review | 280 Questions with 100% Correct Answers | Updated & Verified | 30 Pages

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About how many people die each year in the US from hospital-acquired infections (HAIs)? - ANS - HAIs account for an estimated 2 million infections; $4.5 billion in costs, & 90,000 excess deaths annu... ally. Approximately what percentage of patients receiving mechanical ventilation develop pneumonia as a complication? - ANS - 25%. What is considered the primary source of infection in the health care setting? - ANS - Humans. How do endotracheal tubes increase the risk of infection? - ANS - They allow pathogens to increase the risk of infection by impending local host defenses & providing biofilms that facilitate adherence of pathogens. It is an open path from a dirty place like the mouth or outside environment into a sterile environment, the lung. And if an end tube is in the patient and the patient is sick they have a reduced ability to fight infections. What factors increase the risk of surgical patients developing postoperative pneumonia? - ANS - The elderly, the severely obese, those with COPD or a history of smoking, & those having an artificial airway in place for long periods. These people have a decreased ability to fight off infections. What is the most common route of pathogen transmission in the hospital setting? - ANS - Indirect contact transmission. What is a fomite? - ANS - Any inanimate or nonpathogenic substance or material such as sheets surfaces of furniture paper medical devices exclusive of food that can act as a vector or "carrier" for a pathogen. What is a pathogen? - ANS - a bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease. Give an example of indirect contact transmission involving fomites. - ANS - Use of a dirty nebulizer on another patient. [Show More]

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