BIO-457 - Midterm Practice Quizzes with Complete solution

A codon specifies a(n) amino acid. nucleotide base pair. protein. enzyme. 2 . A DNA nucleotide consists of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and adenine. a phosphate group, deoxyribose, and cytosine. uracil, deo ...

A codon specifies a(n) amino acid. nucleotide base pair. protein. enzyme. 2 . A DNA nucleotide consists of a ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and adenine. a phosphate group, deoxyribose, and cytosine. uracil, deoxyribose, and a phosphate group. deoxyribose, thymine, and a hydroxyl group. 3 . Eukaryotic genes consist of two or more variants called nucleotides . genelets. alleles. traits. 4 . Eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells in that only the former contain ribosomes . cytoplasm . DNA. a nucleus. 5 . For a heterozygous gene x, the genotype of a gamete may be X. XX . Xx. xx. 6 . Applied research refers to research undertaken to better understand fundamental phenomena. goal-oriented research aimed at solving a problem or developing an application of basic knowledge. research conducted in the commercial realm. research conducted with model organisms like Drosophila. 7 . Humulin is an example of a promising drug for treating certain human diseases that was isolated from another organism using DNA technology. a new class of protein first isolated from humans. a trade name for polymerase. a drug successfully mass produced using biotechnology. 8 . The on-line DNA sequence database maintained by the National Institutes of Health is called SeqenceBank. BLAST. GenBank. HealthBank. 9 . Molecular genetics is the study of the transmission of genes from generation to generation. structure and function of genes at the chemical level. heredity of single-gene traits in groups of individuals. heredity of multi-gene traits in populations. 10 . Most eukaryotes are haploid. diploid. polyploid. aneuploid . 11 . Quantitative genetics is the study of transmission of genes from generation to generation. structure and function of genes at the chemical level. heredity of single-gene traits in groups of individuals. heredity of multi-gene traits in populations. 12 . Which of the following traits is not important for a model organism in genetics? long life cycle high fecundity well-known genetic history easily grown, reared, or maintained 13 . The enzyme that catalyzes DNA-dependent RNA synthesis is DNA polymerase. RNA polymerase. reverse transcriptase. ATP synthetase. 14 . The main types of ribonucleic acid molecules found in cells are DNA, RNA, protein. DNA and RNA. single-stranded and double-stranded DNA. mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. 15 . The “one gene, one enzyme” hypothesis of Beadle and Tatum was later modified to “one gene, one protein.” “one gene, two enzymes.” “one gene, many enzymes.” “one gene, one polypeptide.” 16 . Organelles that possess their own genetic material include centrioles and the Golgi body. ribosomes and centrioles. mitochondria and chloroplasts. kinetochores and the endoplasmic reticulum. 17 . Genetic variation in most eukaryotes is generated by _______ and mutation; transcription error. replication; transcription. mutation; recombination. mutation; selection. 18 . Which is the most accurate representation of the organization levels of the genetic information in cells? genes nucleotides chromosomes genome genome genes nucleotides chromosomes chromosomes genes nucleotides genome nucleotides genes chromosomes genome 19 . Which of the following best represents the process of transcription? DNA protein RNA protein DNA RNA DNA DNA 20 . Which of the following represents a homozygous genotype for flower color, which is determined by the P gene? pink Pp pp pP Chapter 2: Mendelian Genetics Quiz 1 . A particular corn strain is Wx/wx, C/C, and S/s. This describes the ___ of the plant. genotype phenotype karyotype genotype and phenotype 2 . A young woman has blond hair, blue eyes, and is lactose intolerant. This describes the girl's genotype. phenotype. karyotype. proteotype. 3 . An albino woman marries a phenotypically normal man with no family history of albinism. What percentage of their children are likely to be albino? 0 25 50 100 4 . An individual with the dominant phenotype, but an unknown genotype, is testcrossed, and all of the offspring exhibit the dominant phenotype. The genotype of the unknown individual is homozygous dominant. heterozygous dominant. homozygous recessive. heterozygous recessive. 5 . For any given gene, the principle of segregation predicts that each gamete produced as a result of meiosis will contain both alleles of a gene pair. a single allele of a gene pair. half of one allele of a gene pair. half of both alleles of the gene pair