MCAT 2022 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECTED

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The change in enthalpy in endothermic reactions (H) is Correct Answer: positive g=H-TS When you take a breath, what happens to: 1) diaphragm (expands or contracts) 2) external intercostal musc ... les 3) thoracic cavity 4) is pressure positive or negative? 5) surface tension Correct Answer: 1) diaphragm contracts 2) intercostal muscles contracts 3) thoracic cavity expands 4) negative pressure 5) reduced What electronic transition of an H atom results in photon emission? Correct Answer: n=4 to n=2 Free radicals that cause cancer are likely the result of damage to Correct Answer: nucleic acids (like DNA) What do we know about electromagnetic radiation that has shorter wavelengths? Correct Answer: shorter=more energy wavelengths and thus more difficult to eject (sp is easier to eject than electron from sp3) What are the kinematic equations one should know? Correct Answer: d=vi*t+(1/2)at^2 v^2=v^2+2ad On an SDS Page, the bottom is positive or negative? Correct Answer: positive! (so negative things go down to it) (btw, SDS-Pages fractionate by size), .the smaller the protein, the faster it will move and the further down it will be. All of this is very similar to gel electrophoresis SN1 reactions prefer tertiary or primary structures? Correct Answer: TERTIARY (more substituted), 2 steps, no inversion, carbocation stability important, can produce racemic mixture, REQUIRES POLAR SOLVENTS (water, ethanol, EW) SN2 reaction prefer tertiary or primary structures? Correct Answer: PRIMARY, 1 step, backside attack (R, S inversion), REQUIRES POLAR APROTIC SOLVENTS (acetone), What is the D/L/R/S configuration of most amino acids? Why is cysteine unique? Correct Answer: L&S (D/L are relative configurations, R/S are absolute configurations) Cysteine is R What are strong acids and bases Correct Answer: Acids -HCl -HBr -HI -H2SO4 (Sulfuric Acid) -HNO3 (Nitric Acid) -HClO4 (Perchloric Acid) Bases -NaOH -LiOH -KOH -CsOH Both of these dissolve completely What is the reduction potential of galvanic cells? (spontaneous, no battery) Correct Answer: E is NEGATIVE (in contrast to electrolytic cells, which are non spontaneous and positive) -E(cell)=E(cathode)-E(anode) reduction potentials can be flipped such that one is from anode, the other is from cathode) What is an equation that ties capacitors and charge? Correct Answer: Q=CV (charge=capacitance multiplied by voltage) What does the ending of a polyatomic ion, -ite, ate, and ous mean? Correct Answer: conjugate acid of an "ite" with end in "ous acid" "ate" ion witll end in "ic acid" example: Chlorite (conjugate acid: chlorous acid) is ClO2- Chlorate (conjugate acid) cloric acid is ClO3- Hypo: compounds with one fewer Oxygen atom than "ite: (ClO- is hypochlorite and HClO is hypochlorous acid) "per" is used for compounds with one more oxygen atom than -ate" example: ClO4- is perchlorate, HClO4 is perchloric acid [Show More]

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