isomers Correct Answer: same molecular formula, different structure
another name for structural isomers Correct Answer: conSTItutional isomers
constitutional vs. conformational isomers Correct Answer: constituti
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isomers Correct Answer: same molecular formula, different structure
another name for structural isomers Correct Answer: conSTItutional isomers
constitutional vs. conformational isomers Correct Answer: constitutional/structural isomers: same molecular formula, DIFFERENT connectivity
conformational isomers: SAME connectivity, but are interconverted by rapid rotation about a sigma bond giving temporary shapes of molecules, of varying energies
aliphatic compound Correct Answer: non-aromatic compound
what are tautomers and provide an example Correct Answer: Tautomers: differ only in the placement of a proton (and the double bond)
example: aldehydes and ketones exist in solution as a mixture of 2 isomers--- KETO form (thermodynamically favored) and ENOL form (can act as a nucleophile; ene=double bond and ol=alcohol)
what is enolization and another term for it Correct Answer: enolization/tautomerization: interconverting from keto to enol tautomer
what is an aldol Correct Answer: aldehyde + alcohol compound
what are dimers Correct Answer: pairs of molecules connected by TWO HYDROGEN BONDS
when does a carboxylic acids B.P go up Correct Answer: it goes up as molecular weight increases
what are ways to stabilize a negative charge and increase acidity Correct Answer: - electron withdrawing groups, such as halides
-groups that allow more resonance stabilization (dispersion of a positive charge) examples: benzyl or allyl substituents
dissolution Correct Answer: process by which a solute forms a solution in a solvent
thiosulfate Correct Answer: S2O3 (2-)
borate Correct Answer: BO3(3-)
sublimation Correct Answer: solid --> gas
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