PSY101_MH_V4 (Topic 12: Personality)

Question text a. difficult. Chloe is a baby who cries a lot. She does not eat or sleep on a regular schedule, and she often has difficulty adapting to new experiences. According to psychiatrists Stella Chess and Alex ...

Question text a. difficult. Chloe is a baby who cries a lot. She does not eat or sleep on a regular schedule, and she often has difficulty adapting to new experiences. According to psychiatrists Stella Chess and Alexander Thomas, Chloe's temperament can be described as Select one: Flag question Question 2 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question 3 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 5.00 Question 4 Question text Question text d. generativity vs. stagnation a. intimacy vs. isolation b. integrity vs. despair c. industry vs. inferiority Which of the following is the final stage of Erikson's psychosocial development? Select one: c. The monkeys displayed no preference for either cloth or wire artificial mothers. d. The monkeys unexpectedly preferred the wire mother over the cloth mother. b. The monkeys were more attached to the cloth mother that was warm and fuzzy. a. The monkeys were more attached to the physically cold wire mother that gave milk. What did Harry Harlow demonstrate in his classic study of attachment amongst baby monkeys? Select one: b. easy. c. slow-to-warm-up. d. defiant. Question text Question text Question 6 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. egocentrism. a. accommodation. b. object permanence. c. conservation. Twelve-year-old Jennifer believes that she is unique and cannot be harmed. She thinks others are preoccupied with her and that they are watching her always. This best illustrates Piaget's concept of Select one: Flag question Question 5 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 c. transductive reasoning. d. separation anxiety. b. adolescent egocentrism. a. prepubertal romance. A 13-year-old breaks up with his first girlfriend, and he is very upset. No one can console him, because he believes that no one else has ever been hurt as badly as he has. The boy's beliefs are consistent with Select one: Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question text Question text Flag question Question 8 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 b. realizing that people's worldviews are similar rather than diverse c. recognizing that an individual's worldview is objective d. identifying and eliminating the factors that make life stressful a. deciding on a particular worldview or philosophy of life According to Gisela Labouvie-Vief, which of the following is a key aspect of the cognitive development of young adults? Select one: Flag question Question 7 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. object permanence. a. conservation. b. separation anxiety. c. attachment. "Out of sight, out of mind" can describe the behavior of a child who lacks the concept of Select one: Flag question Question text Question text Question text Which of the following is true of gender identity? Select one: Flag question Question 10 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. It views people in terms of their connectedness with others. a. It focuses on the rights of the individual as the key to sound moral reasoning. b. It generally leads women to score lower than men on moral development. c. It overestimates the role of logical reasoning in moral judgments. Which of the following statements is true of Carol Gilligan's care perspective? Select one: Flag question Question 9 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. concrete c. postconventional a. conventional b. preconventional According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, an individual who recognizes alternative moral courses, explores the options, and then develops an increasingly personal moral code is operating at the level of moral development. Select one: Flag question Question 11 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question 12 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Question text Question text a. Identity moratorium is the identity status of an adolescent who has neither explored nor committed to an identity. Select one: d. explains the contradiction between environmental factors and gender similarities. c. is the idea that men and women (and boys and girls) are much more similar than they are different. a. is the understanding of a gender schema without the cultural factors. b. can be confirmed by the John/Joan case. According to Hyde, the gender similarities hypothesis Select one: d. It is a person's inner concept of themselves in relation to the ideas of being male, female, both, or neither. a. It always remains the same as the one assigned at birth. b. It refers to the ways people present themselves through their appearance, including clothing choices and behavior. c. It is inseparable from gender expression. Flag question Question 13 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question 14 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Question text Question text c. She proposed five progressive stages of coping with death, in which the dying individual progresses from denial to acceptance. a. She proposed four statuses of identity based on crisis and commitment. b. She has shown that grief unfolds in four patterns: resilience, recovery, chronic dysfunction, and delayed grief. Which of the following was proposed by Kübler-Ross? Select one: d. identity exploration in love and work c. wisdom a. feeling "in between" b. self-focus According to Arnett, all of the following EXCEPT are features of emerging adulthood. Select one: c. Identity foreclosure d. Identity confusion b. Identity diffusion Flag question Question 15 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question 16 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Question text Question text c. the James-Lange theory d. self-regulation b. the Yerkes-Dodson law a. the Cannon-Bard theory Jenna is a talented singer. Her singing is commendable when she is well rehearsed and is performing with her school choir group. In such situations, she is moderately aroused and fairly relaxed. However, when Jenna's friends are around, she gets overly aroused and anxious. In such situations, she finds it hard to focus and often makes mistakes. Which of the following psychological principles can be used to explain the rationale behind Jenna's performance? Select one: c. one should never change one's current ways of thinking. d. it is necessary to fit the experiences in the existing schemas. b. it is recommended to alter current ways of thinking. a. one should forget the experience and move on. In adult development, when experience conflicts with existing schemas Select one: d. She outlined the three stages of socioemotional development in adulthood. Question text Question text Question 19 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 5.00 d. Need; reflex c. Drive; need a. Reflex; need b. Need; drive pertains to a psychological state, whereas involves a physiological state. Select one: Flag question Question 18 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. after self-esteem needs have been met. a. after our basic physiological and safety needs are met. b. before our basic biological and safety needs are met. c. after we have found self-actualization. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, we seek to fulfill our need for love and belongingness Select one: Question 17 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 5.00 Remove flag Question text Question text Question 21 Incorrect 0.00 points out of 5.00 d. humanistic perspective a. trait theory b. psychoanalytic perspective c. social cognitive theory Brittney is a counselor who believes that her clients have the innate ability to make good choices. She accepts each individual as they are and as a person in the process of change. She holds that individuals are capable of controlling their lives and achieving their goals. Brittney is most likely to agree with the of personality. Select one: Flag question Question 20 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 b. self-efficacy and mastery. c. environmental stimuli. d. maintaining optimal arousal. a. drive-reduction. According to self-determination theory, competence motivation involves Select one: Flag question Question text Question text Question 23 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 d. is the harsh internal judge of one's behavior. c. deals with the demands of reality. a. is an individual's reservoir of sexual energy. b. operates on the "pleasure principle." According to Freud, the ego Select one: Flag question Question 22 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 b. ego c. id d. animus a. superego Meyer plans to obtain quick money through gambling, but he realizes that he might get arrested by the police. This prevents him from going ahead with the plan. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, which of the following structures of personality most likely stopped Meyer from going ahead with his plan? Select one: Flag question b. denial. c. sublimation. d. regression. a. reaction formation. Question text Patrick has been confused about his sexual orientation for a few years. Even though he has had many girlfriends, he often feels attracted to men. However, in college, he strongly opposes the idea of same-sex relationships among his friends. According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, Patrick's supposed homophobia best illustrates the defense mechanism called Select one: Question text Question 25 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 c. Peter, who experiences more negative than positive emotions d. Alvin, who loves talking to people b. Anne, who forgives her son for his poor academic performance a. Edmund, who suffers in silence Which of the following individuals illustrates the trait of conscientiousness? Select one: Flag question Question 24 Correct 5.00 points out of 5.00 Flag question Question text d. directly ask people whether specific items describe their personality traits.