NREMT: Signs/Symptoms/Causes/Treatment Questions and Answers Rated A

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NREMT: Signs/Symptoms/Causes/Treatment Questions and Answers Rated A Emphysema ✔✔Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, possible weight loss Stroke ✔✔1-sided weakness, partial/complete l... oss of the ability to use words, headache/confusion, dizziness, impaired vision, ^BP, unequal pupils and seizures Myocardial Infarction ✔✔Angina, Shortness of breath, dizzniess, feeling faint, nausea Hyperglycemia ✔✔Chronic Thirst/Hunger, dehydration, ^urination, nausea Tuberculosis ✔✔fever, night sweats, loss of energy/appetite, weight loss Pulmonary Edema ✔✔dyspnea, pale/sweaty, hypertension,tachycardia, crackles/wheezing, low SPO2 Pneumonia ✔✔fever/chills, green mucos, shortness of breath, (sharp/plueritic) chest pain, headache, crackling Treatment of Pulmonary edema ✔✔High o2 and CPAP Treatment of Pneumonia ✔✔o2 and transport Spontaneous Pneumothorax ✔✔tachycardia, low SPO2,cyanosis, wheezing, pain/swelling in 1 or both legs, >lung sounds in injured lung,shortness of breath Treatment of Spontaneous Pneumothorax ✔✔May requires chest tube, o2, *CPAP is contraindicated* Pulmonary Embolism ✔✔chest pain, wheezing, pain/swelling in one or both legs, shortness of breath, cough/anxiety Epiglotitis ✔✔Sore throat/difficulty swallowing, stridor, tripod position, muffled voice Treatment of Epiglotitis ✔✔Keep patient comfortable/calm, high o2, transport, do not inspect throat Cystic Fibrosis ✔✔fatigue, frequent pneumonia, coughing up blood/copious mucous, chills, abdominal pain/distention Cystic Fibrosis ✔✔Treat inadequate breathing and transport Viral Respiratory Infection ✔✔infection of lungs, shortness of breath, coughing up yellow/green sputum, fever/chills Congestive Heart Failure ✔✔fever, cough (green/dark sputum), ^levels of CO2 in blood Treatment of COPD ✔✔o2: nasal cannula Appendicitis ✔✔Persistent RLQ Pain, pain in umbilical region, rupture of appendix: sudden severe pain Peritonitis ✔✔Abdominal pain and rigidity Cholecystitis ✔✔Sharp RUQ or epiglastic pain, pain in shoulder (females 30-50 age group) Pancreatitis ✔✔Epiglastic pain, pain in back or shoulder GI Bleeding ✔✔abnormal stool (dark black/maroon), vomiting "coffee grounds", slow loss of blood (chronic gastrointestinal hemorrage), blood from rectum Acute Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) ✔✔pulsating mass, vomiting, tearing pain from front to back, inequality in pedal pulses Treatment of AAA ✔✔Transport immediately S&S Anemia ✔✔pale,fatigue,shortness of breath Side effects of Epipen ✔✔^heart rate, pallor/dizziness, chest pain, headache/anxiety, nausea, ^heart workload Inhaled poisons ✔✔dizziness, difficulty breathing, headache, nausea, cyanosis, AMS (altered mental status) Treatment for inhaled poisons ✔✔high flow of o2, patient history, physical exam, vitals, transport. *think of medical assessment skill* Alcohol Abuse ✔✔Swaying/slurred speech, slow reaction time, poor condition Alcohol withdrawls ✔✔gross tremors, profuse sweating, seizures, hypertension, tachycardia Substance Abuse ✔✔Shaking, anxiety, hallucinations, ^pulse and breathing noises, confusion/irritability, nausea Treatment for substance abuse ✔✔physical exam, look for track marks, transport ASAP Renal Failure ✔✔severe dehydration Treatment of missed dialysis ✔✔ABC's, o2 w/NRB @15lpm, monitor, transport, supine/warm (treat for shock) Hypoglycemia ✔✔AMS (altered mental status), drunken stupor, pale/sweaty, tachycardiaseizures Causes: HYPOglycemia ✔✔>blood sugar, too much insulin, not enough food, overexterts (exercise) Treatment: HYPOglycemia ✔✔Oral glucose and transport Aneurysm ✔✔Headache, blurred vision, pass out, comma/death may occur Treatment for Aneurysm ✔✔diuretic medications that removes fluid from circulatory system Congestive Heart Failure ✔✔tachycardia, dyspnea, ^blood pressure, diaphoresis, pulmonary edema, pedal edema, engorged pulsating neck veins, enlarged liver and spleen w/distention, anxiety/confusion due to hypoxia SKIN allergic reaction ✔✔itching, hives, swelling, warm/tingling RESPIRATORY allergic reaction ✔✔tightness in chest, cough, rapid breathing,labored and noisy breathing, hoarseness, stridor, wheezing CARDIAC allergic reaction ✔✔^heart rate, >blood pressure SHOCK w/allergic reaction ✔✔AMS (altered mental status)/ ALOC (altered level of consciousness), flush/dry/pale, cool/clammy, nausea/vomiting Diverticulitis ✔✔inflamed and infected occurance; Small pouches in intestine wall fill with feces (over 40 age group) S&S Diverticulitis ✔✔Nausea, vomiting, fever, weakness, and pain in the LLQ Upper GI bleeding ✔✔due to ulcers Lower GI bleeding ✔✔due to diverticulitis Gastroeneritis ✔✔contaminated food/water; lead to hypovelmic shock/common in pediatrics Gastroenteritis ✔✔diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting Hematemesis ✔✔vomiting blood Esophageal Varices ✔✔weaking of the blood vessel lining of the esophagus; associated w/alcoholism Esophagael Varices ✔✔Hematemesis (bright red), history of alcoholism/liver disease, s&s of hypovelmic shock Ulcers ✔✔open wounds along the digestive tract (upper GI bleeding) Abdominal Aoritc Aneurysm (AAA) ✔✔weakening of the wall of the Aorta; ruptures; rapid, fatal bleeding AAA ✔✔geriatric males,tearing back pain, pulsating abdominal mass, s&s of hypovelmic shock Pelvic inflammatory Disease (PID) ✔✔painful and requires treatment; nonemergency transport PID ✔✔abdominal pain, fever, pain during urination, increase pain while walking. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) ✔✔abdominal pain, hematuria, painful/frequent urination Kidney Stones ✔✔crystals formed in the kidneys that cause an obstruction in the urinary tract; males Kidney Failure ✔✔kidneys are no longer able to function; water and toxins accumulate in the blood. dialysis needed. Impaled object removal ✔✔it creates airway obstruction; object in chest preventing CPR Placenta Previa ✔✔3rd trimester; placenta attatches to uterus over cervical opening Placenta Previa ✔✔painless vaginal bleeding; shock symptoms Abruptio Placenta ✔✔premature seperation on placenta to the uterine wall; oxygen/nutrient compromise; 3rd trimester Abruptio Placenta ✔✔painful vaginal bleeding Ectopic Pregnancy ✔✔implantion of egg outside of the uterus; ruptured uterus S&S of Ectopic Pregnancy ✔✔severe abdominal pain w/or w/out vaginal bleeding (severe if bleeding) Uterine Rupture ✔✔uterus thins w/growth; danger: mother&fetus; S&S of Uterine Rupture ✔✔abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding Preeclampsia ✔✔3rd trimester; sudden swelling in hands, feet, face/ headache; hypertension Eclampsia ✔✔mother siezes after preeclampsia; life-threatning for both Spontaneous Abortion ✔✔(miscarriage); delivery of the fetus before capability of survival; 20th22nd wk Spontaneous Abortion ✔✔cramping; lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, passage of tissue/clots Supine Hypertensive Syndrome ✔✔fetus compresses the inferior vena cava Supine Hypertensive Syndrome ✔✔severe hypotension; dizziness; pale skin, altered LOC Icteric ✔✔Yellow eyes Perseverate ✔✔repeating Ecchymosis ✔✔bruising w/discoloration ETOH ✔✔Ethyl Alcohol Necrosis ✔✔skin is dying Emesis ✔✔vomiting Edema ✔✔swelling Miosis ✔✔pin point pupils/excessive constriction of pupils Sonorous respirations ✔✔snoring; partial upper airway obstruction meningitis: definition ✔✔inflammation of the protective covering of the brain and spinal cord hemophilia ✔✔inability to clot (blood) Meningitis ✔✔fever; stiff neck (nuchal rigidity); headache; vomiting; altered mental status [Show More]

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