Biometrics - A method of verifying an individual's identity based on measurement of the individual's physical features or repeatable actions where those features and or actions are both unique to that individual and meas
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Biometrics - A method of verifying an individual's identity based on measurement of the individual's physical features or repeatable actions where those features and or actions are both unique to that individual and measurable. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Closed System - An environment in which system access is controlled by persons who are responsible for the content of electronic records that are on the system. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Digital Signature - An electronic signature based upon cryptographic methods of originator authentication, computed by using a set of rules and a set of parameters such that the identity of the signer and the integrity of the data can be verified. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Electronic Record - Any combination of text, graphics, data, audio, pictorial, or other information representation in digital form that is created, modified, maintained, archived, retrieved or distributed by a computer system. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Electronic Signature - A computer data compilation of any symbol or series of symbols executed, adopted, or authorized by an individual to be legally binding equivalent of the handwritten signature. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Open system - An environment in which system access is not controlled by persons who are responsible for the content of the electronic records that are on the system. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Clinical Investigation - Any experiment that involves a test article and one or more human subjects and that either is subject to requirements for prior submission to the Food and Drug Administration under section 505(i) or 520(g) of the act, or is not subject to requirements for prior submission to the Food and Drug Administration under these sections of the Act, but the results of which are intended to be submitted later to, or held for inspection by, the Food and Drug Administration as part of an application for a research or marketing permit. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Investigator - An individual who actually conducts a clinical investigation, i.e., under whose immediate direction the test article is administered or dispensed to, or used involving, a subject, or, in the event of an investigation conducted by a team of individuals, is the responsible leader of that team. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Sponsor - A person who initiates a clinical investigation but who does not actually conduct the investigation, i.e., the test article is administered or dispensed to, or used involving, a subject under the immediate direction of another individual. A person other than the individual (e.g., corporation or agency) that uses one or more of its own employees to conduct a clinical investigation it has initiated it has initiated is considered to be a sponsor (not a sponsor-investigator), and the employees are considered to be investigators. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Sponsor-Investigator - An individual who both initiates and actually conducts, alone or with others, a clinical investigation, i.e., under whose immediate direction the test article is administered or dispensed to, or used involving, a subject. The term does not include any other person other than an individual, e.g. corporation or agency. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Handwritten Signature - The scripted name or legal mark of an individual handwritten by that individual. (21 CFR, Sec. 11.3)
Act - The Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended.
Human Subject - An individual who is or becomes a participant in research, either as a recipient of the test article or as a control. A subject may be either a healthy human or a patient. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Institution - Any public or private entity or agency (including Federal, State or other agencies). The word facility as used in section 520(g) of the Act is deemed to by synonymous with the term institution for purposes of this part.(21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Institutional Review Board (IRB) - Any board, committee, or other group formally designated by an institution to review biomedical research involving humans as subjects, to approve the initiation of and conduct periodic review of such research. The term has the same meaning as the phrase institutional review committee as used in section 520(g) of the act. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Test Article - Any food or drug (including a biological product for human use), medical device for human use, human food additive, color additive, electronic product, or any other article subject to regulation under the act or under sections 351, and 354-360F of the Public Health Services Act. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Minimal Risk - Means that the probability and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are no greater in an of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Legally Authorized Representative - An individual or judicial or other body authorized under applicable law to consent on behalf of a prospective subject to the subject's participation in the procedures involved. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Family Member - Any one of the following legally competent persons: spouse; parents; children (including adopted children); brothers, sisters and spouses of brothers and sisters; and any individual related by blood or affinity whose close association with the subject is equivalent of a family relationship. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Assent - A child's affirmative agreement to participate in a clinical investigation. Mere failure to object may not, absent affirmative agreement, be construed as assent. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Children - Persons who have not attained the legal age for consent to treatment or procedures involved in clinical investigations, under the applicable law of the jurisdiction in which the clinical investigation will be conducted. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Parent - A child's biological or adoptive parent. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Ward - A child who is placed in legal custody of the State or other agency, institution, or entity, consistent with applicable Federal, State or Local law. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Permission - The agreement of the parent(s) or guardian to the participation of their child or ward in a clinical investigation. Permission must be obtained in compliance with part 50 subpart B and must include all the elements of the informed consent. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Guardian - An individual who is authorized under applicable State or local law to consent on behalf of a child to general medical care when general medical care includes research. (21 CFR, sec. 50.3)
Emergency Use - The use of a test article on a human subject in a life-threatening situation in which no standard acceptable treatment is available, and in which there is no sufficient time to obtain IRB approval. (21 CFR, sec. 56.102)
IRB Approval - The determination of the IRB that the clinical investigation has been reviewed and may be conducted at an institution within the constraints set forth by the IRB and by other institutional and federal Requirements. (21 CFR, sec. 56.102)
Contract Research Organization - A person that assumes, as an independent contractor with the sponsor, one or more of the obligations of a sponsor, e.g., design of a protocol, selection or monitoring of investigations, evaluation of reports, and preparation of materials to be submitted to the FDA. (21 CFR, sec. 312.3)
IND - An investigational new drug application. Is synonymous with "Notice of Claimed Investigational Exemption for a New Drug". (21 CFR, sec. 312.3)
Independent Ethics Committee (IEC) - A review panel the is responsible for ensuring the protection of the rights, safety, and well-being of human subjects involved in a clinical investigation and is adequately constituted to provide assurance of that protection. An IRB is one type of IEC. (21 CFR, sec. 312.
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