NESA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS

NESA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS OSHA lists standard safeguards to protect workers from health hazards related to blood-borne pathogens. The reason for these standards is there is: ✔✔a significant health risk ...

NESA EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100% PASS OSHA lists standard safeguards to protect workers from health hazards related to blood-borne pathogens. The reason for these standards is there is: ✔✔a significant health risk associated with exposure to blood. How is Hep B transmitted? ✔✔By sexual and/or blood-blood contact. Which hepatitis is the cause of most liver transplants? ✔✔Hep C The virus that causes AIDS is ✔✔Human Immunodeficiency Virus How are blood borne pathogens spread? ✔✔Person is susceptible to the pathogen Quantity of pathogen present is enough to cause disease Pathogen enters through the correct entry site What is the best way to protect oneself from blood borne pathogens? ✔✔Standard precautions What is the major difficulty in treating a client with a condition caused by a multi drug resistant organism? ✔✔The microorganisms have become so resistant that no available antibiotics are effective against them. Prevention of multi drug resistant organisms in healthcare settings rely on appropriate clinical practices that are incorporated into all routine patient care. What components are part of an effective prevention plan? ✔✔Accurate diagnosis of infectious etiologies Optimal management of vascular and urinary catheters Prevention of lower respiratory tract infections in intubated patients Report all contamination errors that occur during any procedure Common multi drug resistant organisms include (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) ✔✔TRUE Antibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria change in some way that reduces or eliminates the effectiveness of substances designed to cure/prevent infections ✔✔TRUE Repeated and improper use of antibiotics are primarily causes of the increase in drug resistant bacteria ✔✔TRUE According to the Morse Fall Scale Assessment a patient has a high risk of falling. The patient fell while being toileted by the nursing staff. By definition how would this fall be classified? ✔✔Anticipated physiological fall. The nurse is completing in-patient admission assessments on a group of new patients. Based on the intrinsic factors present, which patient should the nurse identify as being at the highest risk for a fall? The patient who has: ✔✔A history of diabetes for 25 years, has fallen at home occasionally, wears shoes anytime he is out of bed, and understands the sensations in his feet are limited. The nurse is determining steps that could be taken to reduce the patient's extrinsic risk for falls. Which nursing intervention could the nurse plan to reduce the patient's fall risk? ✔✔Availability of needed assistive devices Condition of the flooring surfaces Bathroom support equipment for the toilet and shower Lighting in the patient's room When developing a risk management plan take into account that there is no single risk factor or single approach solution. The plan must be multidisciplinary and multi-factorial in approach and be tailored to the individual. Which fall prevention program is most likely to be effective? One which ✔✔is designed and overseen by a multi-disciplinary team that uses a patient education approach. What is the benefit of implementing a standardized fall risk assessment at the time of admission? ✔✔All necessary fall prevention resources that target the specific risk factors can be implemented early. According to the Center of Disease Control (CDC), what is the purpose of Standard Precautions? ✔✔Protect healthcare practitioners and patients from the spread of infections. What are the components of Standard Precautions? ✔✔Personal Protective Equipment Safe handling of potentially contaminated equipment and surfaces in the patient environment Hand Hygiene What is the difference between Standard Precautions and Transmission Precautions? Transmission Precautions are ✔✔Used when the routes of transmission are not completely interrupted by Standard Precautions alone. When Contact Precautions are to be implemented, what protection is required of all healthcare personnel providing care to the patient? ✔✔Donning gown and gloves for all interactions that may involve contact with the patient or potentially contaminated surfaces. When should Droplet Precautions be implemented? ✔✔On admission for any patient with complications related to influenza. When are Airborne Precautions implemented rather than Droplet Precautions? ✔✔When the infectious agent has the ability to remain suspended in the air over long distances. When should soap and water hand hygiene be used rather than the preferred method of alcohol based hand rub? ✔✔When the hands are visibly soiled or after caring for patients with a known or suspected infectious diarrhea. What is the correct method of alcohol-based hand hygiene? ✔✔Apply the product to the palm and rub it onto all surfaces of the hands and fingers. Allow the product to air dry. Always perform hand hygiene in which of the following situations? ✔✔Before touching a patient with or without donning gloves. After glove removal. If hands will be moved from a contaminated body site to a clean site. On exiting the patient room after touching the patient or patient supplies. Which principle should most guide the nurses' choice for selection of which pieces of of personal protective equipment to don prior to beginning care of a patient? ✔✔The nature of the patient interaction and the potential exposure to blood, body fluids, or infectious agents. When should each component of PPE be implemented? ✔✔1. Procedures or activities where skin and clothing may be contaminated. 2. Anticipated contact with blood, body fluids, mucous membranes, non-intact skin of contaminated equipment exists. 3. Potential for splash or spray of blood and/or secretions exists. 4. Potential contact with respiratory secretions or the need to protect the immonocompromised patient. The nurse is performing patient care tasks requiring PPE of goggles, face mask, and gown. In what order should the equipment be donned? ✔✔Gown, Face Mask, Goggles Despite all efforts to avoid the use of restraints, the nurse needs to apply a restraint to protect the client. Which principles should the nurse follow to correctly implement the use of a restraint for this client? ✔✔Every two hours the staff will need to release the restraints to provide fluids, toileting, and range of motion. The restraint chosen must be the least restrictive option available. A written physician order must be obtained within 24 hours of applying the restraint. Proper alternatives to the use of restraints: ✔✔Rule of causes of agitation. Reduce the environmental stimulation as much as is safely possible. Assess for pain and treat properly. Allow restless patients to walk or sit in a rocking chair. Title 1 of HIPPA protects health insurance coverage for workers and their families when they change or lose their jobs. Title 2 of HIPPA, known as the Administrative Simplification (AS) provisions, requires the establishment of national standards for electronic health care transactions and national identifiers and providers., health care plans, and employers. The letters in HIPPA stand for ✔✔Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Under the HIPPA Privacy Rule, Protected Health Information (PHI) is health information which can be linked to a particular person including the individual's past, present, or future physical or mental health or conditon ✔✔TRUE NOT TRUE regarding the access and/or disclosure of Public Health Information (PHI) ✔✔Since the HIPPA Privacy Rule protects ONLY electronic and paper PHI, you may discuss patient info with your family and friends as long as you trust them to keep it confidential. It is permissible for me to look up a patient's Electronic Protected Health Info (ePHI) on the computer when: ✔✔The info I access pertains directly to the care I am delivering to the patient. The following is NOT an appropriate guideline for healthcare practitioners related to social media ✔✔Post or share only info or photos gained through the nurse-patient relationship. Healthcare workers must be trained and drilled to respond to many different types of disasters including: ✔✔Natural Disasters Technological disasters Major transportation accidents Terrorism Nuclear, biological, chemical, and radiologic events When you hear a code red announced that is on another unit, you should take which action first? ✔✔Confine the fire by closing all the doors on your unit. A Code Red is called on your assigned unit. You recall that RACE stands for ✔✔Rescue Alert Confine Extinguish A Code Black is called overhead for the following situation ✔✔Severe weather When a Code Yellow is called overhead, the hospital staff should ✔✔Follow the External Disaster Plan Prepare for an influx of patients This is NOT TRUE regarding patient's rights regarding pain management: ✔✔Pain relief only when pain can be rated on the 0-10 Numeric Scale The following statement regarding pain is NOT TRUE ✔✔Because their nervous system is underdeveloped, children under two years of age have a decreased pain sensitivity and limited memory of painful experiences. These patients are at a higher risk for opioid induced respiratory depression: ✔✔Patients who are very young Who are morbidly obese Elderly patients The most commonly used tool to help adult patients rate their pain is the 0-10 Numeric Scale. Which of the following statements is not accurate when using this scale? ✔✔You should avoid over sedation by withholding pain medication until the patient can accurately rate their pain. Which of the following are considered non-pharmocological strategies which may be used to assist with pain management? ✔✔NOT opioids and accupuncture What is considered the 5th vital sign? ✔✔Pain Assessment