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Pathophysiology Exam 1 Study Session. Latest 2023

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Pathophysiology Exam 1 Study Session. Latest 2023.Terminology  Carcinogenesis o The initiation of cancer where normal cells transform into cancerous cells o Very slow process  One mutation a ... fter another  Exudate o Massive cells that have seeped into tissue o Forms battlefield for white blood cells  Antibody o Specific protein that are produced by B cells and binds to antigens  Antigen o Foreign substances that activate immune system to produce specific antibodies  Necrosis o Cell death usually caused by hypoxia o Usually causes tissue damage o Triggers inflammation  Chronic inflammation o Lasts longer than 3 weeks  Phenotype o Physical appearance o Expression of genes  Phagocytosis o Ingestion of foreign bacteria or material by phagocytes  Osmosis o Force of water from low to high concentration  Metaplasia o Mature cell type replaced by another mature cell type  Hypertrophy o Increased cell size  Exercise, high cardiac work load  Diffusion o Movement of solutes from high concentration to low concentration  Hyperplasia o Increased number of cells  Anaplasia o Cells are completely undifferentiated/non-functioning  Aerobic phosphorylation o Oxygen and glucose to produce 3 ATP with no byproducts  Anaerobic glycolysis o Glucose to lactate with no oxygen and a byproduct of pyruvic acid  Apoptosis o Programmed or controlled cell death [Show More]

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