Enlightenment Revolution Questions and Answers Graded A

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Enlightenment Revolution Questions and Answers Graded A Enlightenment ✔✔the use of reason in guiding people's thoughts about philosophy, society and politics Secular ✔✔non- religious Volt... aire ✔✔Mocked religion in his writings Believed that humans could improve their own existence Disapproved of censorship Salon ✔✔a social gathering held to discuss ideas Women often hosted salons Mary Wollstonecraft ✔✔Argued that women should have the same rights as men Adam Smith ✔✔Believed that economics was governed by natural laws Argued that the government should not try to control the economy Believed that an economy would grow if individuals were free to make their own choices John Locke ✔✔argued for government to be a contract between the ruler and the people thought that government only existed for the good of the people declared that all people had certain natural rights including rights to life, liberty and property believed that the government should protect the natural rights Enlightened despots ✔✔Outside France, some monarchs started to apply Enlightenment ideas to government These rulers are known as enlightened despots Natural rights ✔✔Locke declared that all people had certain natural rights including rights to life, liberty and property Montesquieu ✔✔Claimed that government should be divided into separate branches of government known as separation of power None of the branches could control the government completely Rousseau ✔✔Believed in popular sovereignty Popular sovereignty ✔✔the idea that governments should express the will of the people Stamp Act ✔✔Put a tax on newspapers and legal documents Sugar Act ✔✔Put a tax on molasses Benjamin Franklin ✔✔Argued that the British government had no right to tax the colonists because they had no representation in parliament Thomas Jefferson ✔✔Believed that the British had no right to govern or impose taxes on colonies Supported the idea of independence Author of the Declaration English Bill of Rights ✔✔a document that listed rights for Parliament and the English people Declaration of Independence ✔✔In 1776, colonists met at the Second Continental Congress Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence Unalienable rights- rights that cannot be taken away Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness Legislative Branch ✔✔The legislative branch, called Congress, makes the laws Executive Branch ✔✔the executive branch, headed by the president, enforces the laws Judicial Branch ✔✔the court system, would interpret laws King George III ✔✔King during the American Revolution Divine rights King Louis XVI ✔✔French king during the French Revolution Spent most money on parties Divine Right Estates ✔✔The French king ruled over a society split into three groups called estates Clergy were members of the First Estate Nobles made up the Second Estate Most French belonged to the Third Estate Third Estate had to pay the highest taxes but had few rights Why were people unhappy with King Louis XVI? ✔✔People were starving King was spending money on parties and clothes Bastille ✔✔Prison in Paris Riots at the Bastille marks the start of the French Revolution Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens ✔✔The National Assembly wrote a constitution called the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizens Among the rights were freedom of speech and religion and equal distribution of taxes Reign of Terror ✔✔In 1793, the French government ordered trials of anyone that questioned their rule Thousands of people were executed [Show More]

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