Med-Surge Quiz- week 4 ATI Real Exam Questions & Answers, With Rationales

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Med-Surge Quiz- week 4 ATI Real Exam Questions & Answers, With Rationales-A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoprolol. The nurse measures the client's vital signs and notes th ... at the client's apical heart rate is 49/min. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications? A) Digoxin B) Atropine C) Bethanechol D) Neostigmine - ANS: B) Atropine Rationale: Atropine is a muscarinic agonist and it is used to treat bradycardia. While auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears turbulence between S1 and S2. The nurse should document this finding as which of the following? A) A systolic murmur B) A third heart sound (S3) C) An expected heart sound D) A fourth heart sound (S4) - ANS: A) A systolic murmur Rationale: Cardiac murmurs are relatively loud, turbulent sounds the nurse can hear between the usual, expected heart sounds. They create a whooshing or a swishing sound. Those between S1 and S2 are systolic murmurs. Those between S2 and the next S1 are diastolic murmurs. A nurse is collecting data from a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A) Frothy sputum B) Dyspnea C) Orthopnea D) Peripheral edema - ANS: D) Peripheral edema RATIONALE: Peripheral edema is caused by weakness in the right side of the heart, allowing blood to back up into the venous system and leak into interstitial tissues. A nurse is assisting with care of a client who has a prescription for 3,000 mL of intravenous fluids over the next 24 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round to the nearest whole number) - ANS: 125/hr RATIONALE: STEP 1: What is the unit of measurement the nurse should calculate? mL/hr STEP 2: What is the volume the nurse should infuse? 3,000 mL STEP 3: What is the total infusion time? 24 hr STEP 4: Should the nurse convert the units of measurement? No STEP 5: Set up an equation and solve for X. Volume (mL)/Time (hr) = X mL/hr 3,000 mL/24 hr = X mL/hr X = 125/hr STEP 6: Round if necessary. STEP 7: Reassess to determine whether the amount to administer makes sense. If the prescription reads 3,000 24 hr, it makes sense to administer 125 mL/hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver 125 mL/hr. A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client about dietary sources of potassium. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A) "I will eat cantaloupe for my morning snack." B) "I can plan to eat rice instead of baked potatoes." C) "I will miss eating yogurt every day for breakfast." D) "Adding pecans will be a change I can readily make." - ANS: A) "I will eat cantaloupe for my morning snack." RATIONALE: The client should choose fruits such as cantaloupe, bananas, apricots, and peaches as food sources high in potassium. Therefore, the nurse should identify this statement as indicating an understanding of the teaching. A nurse is collecting data from a client who reports taking several herbal supplements. Which of the following supplements should the nurse tell the client can increase anticoagulation effects and thus increase risk for bleeding? A) Valerian [Show More]

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