EOC Civics Exam Study Guide (Wills), Questions with Accurate answers. Verified.

EOC Civics Exam Study Guide (Wills), Questions with Accurate answers. Verified. How is a resident alien different from an immigrant? - ✔✔-An alien is someone who comes and goes and an immigrant is someone who is l ...

EOC Civics Exam Study Guide (Wills), Questions with Accurate answers. Verified. How is a resident alien different from an immigrant? - ✔✔-An alien is someone who comes and goes and an immigrant is someone who is legally living there. What is the difference between law of blood and law of soil? - ✔✔-Law of blood is nationality based on parents and law of soil is nationality based on where you were born. What is the selective service system? - ✔✔-The system used in the United States to draft young people into armed service. How does the 14th amendment define a U.S. citizen? - ✔✔-It provides equal protection to all citizens by establishing citizenship. What is the difference between an obligation/duty and responsibility of citizenship? - ✔✔-Obligation is where you have to do something but responsibility is where you have a choice to do it or not to do it. What are the five obligations/duties of a U.S. citizen? - ✔✔-1.Respect the rights, beliefs, and opinion of others 2.Stay informed of the issues that affect your community 3.Serve in a jury when called upon 4.Participate in the democratic process 5.Defend the country, if need should arise What are the two main responsibilities of a U.S. citizen? - ✔✔-1.Vote 2.Obey the law Why is it important for citizens to fulfill the obligations and responsibilities of citizenship? - ✔✔-Not finished with the answer Why is it important to be an active participant in society and government? - ✔✔-If you are not an active participant in society then you may not know what's going on around you. For example that everyone is leaving the U.S. on March 5 because of a bomb is going to explode. What is the process of becoming a U.S. citizen called? - ✔✔-Naturalization Describe the legal process it takes to become a naturalized citizen. - ✔✔-1.Determine if you are already a U.S. citizen 2.Determine if your eligibility to become a U.S. citizen 3.Prepare form N-400, application for naturalization 4.Submit form N-400, application for naturalization 5.Go to biometrics appointment, if applicable 6.Complete the interview 6A.Application continued 7.Receive a decision form from USCIS on your form N-400, application for naturalization 7A.Application denied 8.Receive notice to take the oath of allegiance 9.Take the oath of allegiance to the United States 10.Understanding U.S. citizenship Why is it important for naturalized citizens to go through the legal process? - ✔✔-If people don't go through the legal process then the use of jurisdiction wouldn't be exercised as much and things could get out of hand................ Not finished with the answer What is a prime minister? - ✔✔-A prime minister is someone who is the head of the UK government and is ultimately responsible for the policy and decisions of the government. Direct democracy - ✔✔-A form of democracy giving citizens an extraordinary amount of participation in the legislation process and granting them a maximum of political self-determination. Representative democracy - ✔✔-Government in which citizens choose a smaller group to govern on their behalf. Socialism - ✔✔-A system in which government owns some factors of production and distributes the product and wages. Idea is for everyone to be equal. Easily corrupted. Communism - ✔✔-Dictatorship of one party. Government owns all. No private ownership of property. Absolute monarchy - ✔✔-Form of government in which leader is an all powerful king. Limited monarchy - ✔✔-A monarchy that is limited by laws and a constitution. Oligarchy - ✔✔-A small group of elites run the state. Autocracy - ✔✔-A single individual runs the government. Autocrats often come to power through control of the military. Citizens have almost no rights. Parliamentary - ✔✔-Not finished with the answer yet Federal - ✔✔-Three basic branches that take care of different parts of the government: LegislativeHouse of Representatives and the Senate Executive-The President, Vice President, and the Cabinet Judicial-A fair trial before the Judge Confederal - ✔✔-A loose relation between a small number of political groups, most political power lies with the local government, and the federal government has very little power. Unitary - ✔✔-Central government has all the power, and lower level governments; if there are any; do nothing but implement the policies of the national government. Self-government - ✔✔-Government of a country by its own people, especially after having been a colony. Assent - ✔✔-Express approval or agreement, typically officially. Oppression - ✔✔-Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment or control. Self-evident - ✔✔-Not needing to be demonstrated or explained; obvious. Tyranny - ✔✔-Cruel and oppressive government or rule. Social contract - ✔✔-An implicit agreement among the members of a society to cooperate for social benefits. John Locke's theory of natural rights. - ✔✔-Man's natural rights are life, liberty, and property. Natural rights - ✔✔-Rights that people supposedly have under natural law. Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers. - ✔✔-The best way to secure liberty and prevent a government from becoming corrupted was to divide the powers of government among different actors who would check each other. How Montesquieu's theory of separation of powers influenced our founding fathers. - ✔✔-The founding fathers made the executive, legislative, and judicial branch with the separation of powers. John Locke's natural law theory v.s. Thomas Jefferson's natural rights. - ✔✔-John Locke stated that our natural rights are to life, liberty, and property contrasting to Thomas Jefferson's natural rights of all men are created equal, these rights are inalienable rights and that we also have rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Important ideas of the Magna Carta and how they impacted the founding father's idea of government. - ✔✔-Limited power of the monarchy, made citizens eligible for a trial by jury, and eliminated power of the king to have unjust taxes. The significance of the English bill of rights and how they impacted the constitution. - ✔✔-The English bill of rights established that Englishman had inalienable civil and political rights that must be upheld. It also limits the power of English leaders and was written by the parliament. Is stopped the constitution giving anybody more power than the other and made presidents. What impact did the mayflower compact have on the founding father's idea of government? - ✔✔-The mayflower compact was the first governing document so the founding fathers started to have ideas about our government. What was common sense and how did it impact our founding fathers? - ✔✔-Common sense is a pamphlet that challenged the authority of the British government and the royal monarchy. Paine (the author of common sense) helped popularize the idea of American independence. What was the main reason the colonists become increasingly unhappy about the British government? - ✔✔-Since the British government helped out with the French and Indian war they have demanded tax on almost anything and everything. So the colonists are mad that they don't have any representation. They thought that there were the same as the people back on the homeland. (Taxation without Representation) How did the british government respond when the colonist in Boston became rebellious to their policies? - ✔✔-They did the intolerable acts upon the colonies. What does it mean in the D.O.I. when it says"People are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights?" - ✔✔-The people have the right to have unalienable rights. What does it mean in the D.O.I. when it says "Governments are instituted among men to secure these rights?" - ✔✔-The government is ensured to secure these rights to the people. What does it mean in the D.O.I. When it says "Governments derive their just powers from the consent of the governed?" - ✔✔-The government gets it's power from the people. What does it mean in the D.O.I. When it says "Whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the rights of the people to alter or abolish it?" - ✔✔-If our government is not doing what the constitution says it should do then it is the people's duty to get rid of it. What is the rule of law? - ✔✔-The legal principal that law should govern a nation. Imposing taxes without their assent - ✔✔-If they didn't include it in the Declaration of Independence then it could happen again and not be illegal. Suspending trial by jury - ✔✔-If they didn't include it in the Declaration of Independence then it could be legal and unfair at the same time so no one can do anything about it. Limiting the power of the judges - ✔✔-If they didn't include it in the Declaration of Independence then the judges could do anything they want. For instance they could say guilty when the person wasn't even trilled yet. Quartering soldiers - ✔✔-If they didn't include it in the Declaration of Independence then the quartering act would start all,over again. Dissolving legislature (the representative houses) - ✔✔-If they didn't include it in the Declaration of Independence then the legislature could be dispersed at and election. What are the six main weaknesses in the articles of confederation? - ✔✔-1.Most power held by the states 2.One branch of government 3.Legislative branch has few powers 4.No executive branch 5.No judicial system 6.No system of checks and balances What occurred during Shay's rebellion? - ✔✔-Shays' Rebellion is the name given to a series of protests in 1786 and 1787 by American farmers against state and local enforcement of tax collections and judgments for debt. Although farmers took up arms in states from New Hampshire to South Carolina, the rebellion was most serious in Massachusetts, where bad harvests, economic depression, and high taxes threatened farmers with the loss of their farms. The rebellion took its name from its symbolic leader, Daniel Shays of Massachusetts, a former captain in the Continental army. Why did the Articles of Confederation need to be replaced? - ✔✔-They needed a stronger federal government. Who were the federalist and what was their viewpoint on ratifying the Constitution? - ✔✔-Supporters of