Florida Civics EOC Review, Exam preparation Masterclass. 100% Coverage.

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Florida Civics EOC Review, Exam preparation Masterclass. 100% Coverage. citizen - ✔✔-A person with certain rights and responsibilities in his or her country or community duties/obligations o ... f citizens - ✔✔-Citizens must: obey laws, pay taxes, defend the nation and serve on juries Rule of Law - ✔✔-principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern law of blood - ✔✔-at least one of your parents was a US citizen when you were born, this makes you a citizen no matter where you are born. law of soil - ✔✔-you are a citizen if you are born in the US, no matter what nationality your parents are. (Established by the 14th amendment) naturalization - ✔✔-A legal process to obtain citizenship 1. Obtain permission to enter the country and live in the US with a green card for 5 years. 2. Interview with USCIS (U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services) official. He makes sure you meet the five requirements. (18 or older, must have been a lawful permanent resident for 5 years, proficient in English, good moral character, must understand US civics) 3. Take the citizenship exam and pass it. 4. Take the oath, after that you are a citizen. - ✔✔-What are the steps in the naturalization process? immigrant - ✔✔-a person who comes to a country where they were not born in order to settle there selective service - ✔✔-Law passed by Congress in 1917 that required all men from ages 18 to 25 to register for the military draft alien (legal or illegal) - ✔✔-belonging to a foreign country or nation in the US. Responsibilities of citizens - ✔✔-Citizens should: vote, attend civic meetings, be informed, respect others, volunteer in their community. bandwagon - ✔✔-A persuasive technique that tries to persuade the reader to do, think, or buy something because it is popular or everyone is doing it bias - ✔✔-An unfair preference for, or dislike of something. card stacking - ✔✔-telling one side of the story as though there is no opposing view glittering generalities - ✔✔-the opposite of name-calling; using words to make people feel happy, comfortable, or proud name calling - ✔✔-A method of propaganda that is an attempt to turn people against an opponent or an idea by using unpleasant labels or descriptions for that person or idea plain folks - ✔✔-Attempting to convince the public that one's views reflect those of the common person symbolism - ✔✔-A person, place or object which has a meaning in itself but suggests other meanings as well testimonial - ✔✔-An important person or famous figure endorses a product or person. transfer - ✔✔-Associating a person or idea with something everyone thinks is good. lobbyist - ✔✔-A representative of a special- interest group who tries to influence political decisions on the groups behalf. interest group - ✔✔-a group of people with common goals who organize to influence government (the Tea Party is a good example) public policy - ✔✔-A choice that government makes in response to a political issue. A policy is a course of action taken with regard to some problem. public sphere - ✔✔-an area in social life where individuals can come together to freely discuss and identify societal problems, and through that discussion influence political action. (A newspaper is a good example) watchdog - ✔✔-The role played by the national media in investigating political personalities and exposing scandals. political party - ✔✔-A group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, and determine public policy. (democrats and republicans are examples of this) primary election - ✔✔-Election in which voters choose the candidates from each party who will run in the general election (for example, 4 republicans will compete against each other to see who will be their party's candidate in the general election for the presidency) General election - ✔✔-An election held to choose which candidate will hold office such as the President. (generally this will be between the democratic and republican candidates) special interest group/ single issue group - ✔✔-an organization of people with some common interest who try to influence government decisions based on a single issue. (the NRA is a good example) Democrats and Republicans - ✔✔-What are the two main political parties in the U.S.? Democrats - ✔✔-Which party generally supports more government (especially social programs like welfare and food stamps, health care aka Obamacare) limiting gun rights and higher taxes? Republicans - ✔✔-Which party generally supports less government more gun rights and lower taxes? (republicans do want to spend more on defense) communist party - ✔✔-a political party that actively advocates for a state controlled by the workers, where all property is held by the government. Also, only one party controls government. (No elections) libertarian party - ✔✔-A nationally recognized third party focused on reducing the size of government, promoting civil liberties and avoiding foreign conflicts. party platform - ✔✔-A political party's statement of its goals and policies for the next four years socialist party - ✔✔-Group that believes the government should control large businesses but not small ones. It still allows elections and personal freedoms. It supports workers over the rich. 25 years old, live in the state you are running for, and must have been a citizen for 7 years, they serve for 2 years - ✔✔-What are the requirements to run for the US House of Representatives? 30 years old, resident of the state, citizen for 9 years, they serve for 6 years - ✔✔-What are the requirements to run for the US Senate? 35 years old, natural born citizen, resident for 14 years, elected to a 4 year term, can be elected twice. - ✔✔-What are the requirements to run for President? preamble - ✔✔-The introduction to the Constitution 1. To form a more perfect union 2. Establish justice 3. Ensure domestic peace 4. Provide for the nation's defense 5. Promote the general welfare 6. Secure the blessings of liberty - ✔✔-What are the six goals of the Constitution which are found in the preamble? concurrent powers - ✔✔-Powers held jointly by the national and state governments. (Taxation is an example.) delegated, expressed or enumerated - ✔✔-Powers specifically given to the federal government by the US Constitution (for example, the authority to print money). elastic clause or necessary and proper clause - ✔✔-Article 1, Section 8, of the Constitution, which allows Congress to make all laws that are "necessary and proper" to carry out the powers of the Constitution. executive branch - ✔✔-what branch of gov. is described in Article 2 of the Constitution, enforces laws, headed by the President. legislative branch - ✔✔-What branch of gov. described in Article 1 of the Constitution, makes laws, composed of the House and Senate. judicial branch - ✔✔-described in Article 3 of the Constitution, interprets laws impeachment - ✔✔-The House may choose to accuse federal officials-including, the president with misconduct. The Senate must determine if the accused person is guilty or innocent. implied powers - ✔✔-Powers inferred from the express powers that allow Congress to carry out its functions. Maintaining an army is an enumerated power, having a draft is an example of this power. necessary and proper - ✔✔-Gives Congress the powers to pass all laws necessary to carry out their constitutional duties; "elastic" clause (Art. I, Sec 8, clause 18) presidential appointments - ✔✔-An appointed official by the President. Senate must approve this appointment. (Total appointments are near 8,000; 1000 of those must be approved by the Senate) US House of Representatives - ✔✔-Part of Congress (in Washington DC). Total of 435 Representatives, determined by population, 2 year terms. US Senate - ✔✔-100 total members. Considered the upper house of Congress. Every state receives two senators. Six year terms US Supreme Court - ✔✔-1 Chief Justice; 8 Associate Justices. Appointed by the president with Senate approval; life terms, highest court in the land. It is an appellate court. checks and balances - ✔✔-A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power Legislative branch Veto legislation Judicial Branch Can appoint judges - ✔✔-How can the executive branch check the power of the other two branches of government? Executive branch 1. Can impeach the President 2. override veto 3. Can reject appointments (Senate) 4. Can refuse to approve treaties (Senate) 5. Can withhold funding. (power of the purse) Judicial Branch 1. Can impeach judges 2. Can reject judicial appointments (Senate) - ✔✔-How can the legislative branch check the power of the other two branches of government? Legislative 1. Can declare acts of legislature unconstitutional. Executive 1. Can declare presidential actions unconstitutional - ✔✔-How can the judicial branch check the power of the other two branches of government? judicial review - ✔✔-This power allows the Supreme Court and other federal courts to play a key role in law making. The judges examine a law or government activity. They then decide whether it violates the Constitution. The Supreme Court established this important right in the case of Marbury v. Madison. limited government - ✔✔-A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution. separation of powers - ✔✔-Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law. (This concept was developed by Montesquieu) federalism - ✔✔-A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments reserved powers - ✔✔-Powers not specifically granted to the federal government or denied to the states, belong to the states and the people. 1. There are 7 articles 2.LEJRASR a. legislative b. executive c. judicial d. relations among the states e. amendment process f. supremacy clause g. ratification of the constitution - ✔✔-How many articles are there in the Constitution, and what does each article describe? supremacy clause - ✔✔-Article VI of the Constitution; which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties superior to state laws. Tenth amendment - ✔✔-Amendment stating that the powers not delegated to the federal gov. are reserved to the states. 1. Issuing drivers and marriage licenses 2. Education within the state 3. Taxation 4. Establish local governments 5. Conduct elections - ✔✔-What are some examples of state powers? 1. taxation 2. borrowing money 3. enforcing laws 4. building roads - ✔✔-What are some examples of concurrent powers? Governor - ✔✔-The elected leader of a state's government 1. create money 2. declare war 3. create an army and navy 4. regulate trade between the states 5. make treaties with foreign governments 6. operate the postal system - ✔✔-What are some examples of federal powers? 1. trash collection 2. water 3. sewer 4. police - ✔✔-What are some examples of local government services? local government - ✔✔-Level of gov. closest to Americans; this includes counties, cities, and towns bicameral - ✔✔-A legislature consisting of two parts, or houses bill - ✔✔-A proposed law, must be approved by the House and Senate and signed by the President to become a law. Cabinet - ✔✔-Advisory council for the president consisting of the heads of the executive departments, the vice president, and a few other officials selected by the president. conference committee - ✔✔-A special joint committee appointed to reconcile differences when bills pass the two chambers of Congress in different forms. standing committee - ✔✔-A permanent committee established in a legislature, usually focusing on a policy area mayor - ✔✔-the head of a city government ordinance - ✔✔-A piece of legislation that is passed at the local level, such as a city. statute - ✔✔-A law passed by a state legislature. Speaker of the House - ✔✔-the leader of the majority party who serves as the presiding officer of the US House of Representatives veto - ✔✔-President's power to reject a bill passed by a legislature How a bill becomes a law - ✔✔-Bill is introduced in either house; sent to committee to be approved, rewritten, or killed; sent to the floor for debate and vote; sent to the other chamber for the same process; both houses pass the revised bill; sent to president for approval; president signs, (or, if vetoed, must have 2/3 vote of both houses to override); bill becomes a la [Show More]

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