CPCE/NCE Exam Prep, question
sections coverage, graded A+, latest
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Erik Erikson 8 stages of psychosocial development - ✔✔-Trust vs Mistrust (, Autonomy vs. Shame,
Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferior
...
CPCE/NCE Exam Prep, question
sections coverage, graded A+, latest
update.
Erik Erikson 8 stages of psychosocial development - ✔✔-Trust vs Mistrust (, Autonomy vs. Shame,
Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. Inferiority, Identity vs. Confusion, Intimacy vs. Isolation, Generativity vs.
Stagnation, Integrity vs. Despair.
Vertical Interventions - ✔✔-counselor works with individuals within the group
Holland's Hexagonal Model - ✔✔-shows the relationship between the personality types and
environments.
Konrad Lorenz - ✔✔-researcher who focused on critical attachment periods in baby birds, a concept he
called imprinting
ego psychologists - ✔✔-believe in man's powers of reasoning to control behavior
ego - ✔✔-the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud, mediates
among the demands of the id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality principle, satisfying
the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain.
Logical, rational, utilizes power of reason and control to keep impulses in check.
Piaget's stages of cognitive development - ✔✔-1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
Rosenthal - ✔✔-Psychodynamic theories focus on unconscious processes rather than cognitive factors
when counseling clients.
Freudian Stages - ✔✔-Oral Stage = Birth to 1 1/2 years
Anal Stage = 1 1/2 to 3 years
Phallic Stage = 3 to 6 years
Latency Stage = 6 to puberty
Genital Stage = Puberty onward
psychopharmacology - ✔✔-the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior; impact on
psychological functioning.
Psychodiagnostic - ✔✔-The study of personality through interpretation of behavior or nonverbal cues;
utilizes diagnostic criteria in DSM-V.
In Freud's psychodynamic theory instincts are emphasized. Erik Erickson is an ego psychologist. Ego
psychologists - ✔✔-believes in man's powers of reasoning to control behavior. The ego is logical,
rational, and utilizes the power of reasoning and control to keep impulses in check.
Rosenthal Theory - ✔✔-A self-fulfilling prophecy is a sociological term used to describe a prediction that
causes itself to become true.
Therefore, the process by which a person's expectations about someone can lead to that someone
behaving in ways which confirm the expectations.
The only psychoanalyst who created a development theory which encompasses the entire life span was:
a. Erik Erikson
b. Milton H. Erickson
c. AA Brill
d. Jean Piaget, who created the four-stage theory - ✔✔-Erik Erikson - 8 stages of in which each stage
represents a psychosocial crisis or a turning point throughout the life span.
The statement "the ego is dependent on the id" would most likely reflect the work of
a. erik erikson
b. Sigmund Freud (Psychodynamic Theory)
c. Jay Haley
d. Arnold Lazerus, William Perry and Robert Kegan. - ✔✔-Sigmund Freud - Psychodynamic Theory
In Freudian theory, the id and ego serve what purpose and what is it known for? - ✔✔-Id is called the
pleasure principle and houses animalistic instincts. The ego, which is the reality principle, is pressured by
the id to succumb to pleasure or gratification.
What is Jay Haley known for? - ✔✔-His work in strategic and problem solving therapy, often utilizing the
technique of paradox.
What is Milton H. Erickson known for? - ✔✔-Associated with brief psychotherapy and innovative
techniques in hypnosis.
What is Robert Perry known for? - ✔✔-His ideas related to adult cognitive development, especially
regarding college students.
Define dualistic thinking - ✔✔-dividing information, values, and authority into right and wrong, good
and bad.
Dualism has been referred to as black and white thinking and no ambiguity.
Define relativistic thinking - ✔✔-Viewing all knowledge as embedded in a framework of thought. Aware
of a diversity of opinions on many topics, they gave up the possibility of absolute truth in favor of
multiple truths, each relative to its context
Robert Kegan Theory - ✔✔-his model stresses interpersonal development, it is billed as a constructive
model of development, meaning and individual constructs realist throughout their entire life span.
idiographic approach (Freud & Piaget) - ✔✔-approach to personality that focuses on identifying the
unique configuration of characteristics and life history experiences within a person
idiographic theorists - ✔✔-can be contrasted with nomothetic approaches such as behaviorism or the
DSM where large numbers of people are studied to create general principles that apply to the
population.
Jean Piaget's idiographic approach created his theory with four stages. The correct order from stage 1 to
stage 4 is - ✔✔-sensorimotor, preoperations, concrete operations, formal operations.
Some behavioral scientists have been critical of the Swiss child psychologist Jean Piaget's developmental
research inasmuch as (limitation) - ✔✔-because his finding were often derived from observing his own
children
What does conservation mean? (Piaget) - ✔✔-the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of
concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same
despite changes in the forms of object
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