Unit 3 & 4 VCE Psychology Questions & Answers. Accurate, exam predictor!

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Unit 3 & 4 VCE Psychology Questions & Answers. Accurate, exam predictor! In neural transmission, which is the lock, and which is the key? - ✔✔-Lock: Receptor site, Key: Neurotransmitter Name... 7 structures on a neuron - ✔✔-Dendrites, Cell body, Nucleus, Axon, Myelin Sheeth, Axon Terminals, Terminal Buttons Explain neural transmission - ✔✔-The synaptic vesicles move towards the post synaptic neurons membrane. They hit the membrane and brake open, the neurotransmitters are released from the synaptic vesicles and move across the synaptic gap and bind to the receptor sites of the post synaptic neuron. They either excite or inhibit the post synaptic neuron. They are then re-uptaken into the presynaptic neuron again. What sort of neurotransmitter is Glutamate? - ✔✔-Excitatory What sort of neurotransmitter is G.A.B.A? - ✔✔-Inhibitory What is the cause of Parkinson's disease? - ✔✔-A deterioration of the dopamine producing neurons in the Substantia Nigra. What are the two types of stress? - ✔✔-Eustress & Distress What is the main hormone released during sympathetic nervous system activation that is associated with stress? - ✔✔-Cortisol What is the name of the hormone released during sympathetic nervous system activation that is associated with memory? - ✔✔-Adrenaline What are the three stages of Sayles GAS model? - ✔✔-Alarm (Shock/Countershock) Resistance, Exhaustion. What are the two stages of Lazarus & Folkman's Transactional model of stress and coping? - ✔✔- Primary appraisal (harm/loss, threat, challenge, benign), Secondary Appraisal (Emotion-Focused or Problem Focused coping) What is the main difference between the GAS model and the Transactional model? - ✔✔-GAS = Biological, Transactional = Psychological What causes LTP to occur? - ✔✔-Repeated firings of a neural pathway. What is the neurotransmitter glutamate involved in? - ✔✔-Learning. Can you outline Pavlov's original experiment (using the correct terminology)? - ✔✔-Before Conditioning NS (Bell) ---- No Response Before Conditioning UCS (Food) ----- UCR (Salivation. During Conditioning NS (Bell) + UCS (Food) ----- UCR (Salivation) After Conditioning CS (Bell) ------ CR (Salivation) What are the three phases of Operant Conditioning? - ✔✔-Antecedent Stimulus, Behavior, Consequence. What are the 5 stages of Observational Learning (in order)? - ✔✔-Attention, Retention, Reproduction, Motivation, Reinforcement. What are the 3 storage areas outlined in Atkinson & Shiffrin's Multistore model of memory? - ✔✔- Sensory (Iconic/Echoic), STM (Maintenance rehearsal/Chunking), (Elaborative Rehearsal) Long term memory. What are the 4 areas of the brain that are involved in LTM (outline which are implicit & which are explicit) - ✔✔-Implicit: Amygdala, Cerebellum Explicit: Hippocampus, Cerebral Cortex What do you forget in Anterograde amnesia? - ✔✔-Information that happens AFTER a head injury/trauma What is the difference between cued recall and recognition? - ✔✔-Cued: there is a 'clue' for retrieval, Recognition: You choose the correct answer from a list of alternatives. What is the savings score equation? and what does it tell you? - ✔✔-Original Learning (time or trials) - Relearning (Time or trials) / Original Learning (time or trials) x 100. It tells you 'how much % of the original learning was retained in your memory' What are the three abnormalities in the brain of someone who has Alzheimer's? - ✔✔-Neurofibrillary tangles, Amyloid Plaques & a lack of acetylcholine. What is the difference between a state and context dependent cue? - ✔✔-State: Physical/Psychological internal state. Context: External Surroundings. What is the difference between maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal? - ✔✔-Maintenance: Repeating over and over (maintain in STM), Elaborative Rehearsal: Creating a meaningful link (helps to move information to LTM) What are the three main things you need to know about the serial position effect? - ✔✔-Primacy effect (info in LTM), recency effect (Info in STM) & asymptote (information not in LTM or STM) What did Loftus & Palmer study? - ✔✔-Fallibility of memory and the reconstructions of memory in eyewitness testimonies. What is consciousness measured on? - ✔✔-A continuum. What does content limitations mean? - ✔✔-How much information is being processed in your STM at any one time. A controlled process requires what sort of attention? - ✔✔-focused attention An automatic process requires what sort of attention? - ✔✔-divided attention Difference between an EEG, EOG & EMG? - ✔✔-A device that detects, amplifies and records that activity of the... EEG: Brainwaves, EOG: The muscles of the eye and their movement, EMG: Muscle tension. Name the four different brainwave patterns? - ✔✔-Beta, Alpha, Theta, Delta What does amplitude refer to? - ✔✔-The strength/intensity of the brainwave. What does the frequency refer to? - ✔✔-The speed of the brainwave. What is a does a stimulant do to the body? - ✔✔-Increases nervous system activity What is a does a depressant do to the body? - ✔✔-Decreases nervous system activity Name a stimulant drug. - ✔✔-(Any one of) Caffeine, Cocaine, amphetamines Name a depressant drug. - ✔✔-(Any one of) Alcohol, Benzodiazepines, Marijuana What is a circadian rhythm? - ✔✔-24 hour cycles (Sleep-Wake cycle) What is an ultradian rhythm? - ✔✔-A cycle shorter than 24hrs (Sleep cycle= 90 minutes) Can you name the 5 sleep cycle stages? - ✔✔-NREM 1, 2, 3, 4 & REM According to restoration theory, why do we sleep? - ✔✔-To repair/replenish the body and mind. According to evolutionary theory, why do we sleep? - ✔✔-To conserve energy and hide from predators What is partial sleep deprivation? - ✔✔-When someone doesn't get the amount of sleep they need, or is deprived of one particular stage of sleep. A BAC of 0.1 is equivalent to? - ✔✔-24 hours loss of sleep (or 17 hours = 0.05) What are the three circadian phase disorders? - ✔✔-Jetlag, Delayed Sleep onset (Adolescents), Shift Work How do you treat a circadian phase disorder? - ✔✔-Bright light theory. What is a dysomnia? - ✔✔-Troubles going to, or maintaining sleep. Which dysomnia do you need to know about? - ✔✔-Inso [Show More]

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