HAM Exam Questions with accurate
answers. 100% Accurate. Rated A
Which of the following is a purpose of the Amateur Radio Service as stated in the FCC rules and
regulations - ✔✔Advancing skills in the technical and
...
HAM Exam Questions with accurate
answers. 100% Accurate. Rated A
Which of the following is a purpose of the Amateur Radio Service as stated in the FCC rules and
regulations - ✔✔Advancing skills in the technical and communication phases of the radio art
Which agency regulates and enforces the rules for the Amateur Radio Service in the United States -
✔✔FCC
What are the FCC rules regarding the use of a phonetic alphabet for station identification in the Amateur
Radio Service - ✔✔It is encouraged
How many operator/primary station license grants may be held by any one person - ✔✔one
What is proof of possession of an FCC-issued operator/primary license grant? - ✔✔The control
operator's operator/primary station license must appear in the FCC ULS consolidated licensee database
What is the FCC Part 97 definition of a beacon? - ✔✔An amateur station transmitting communications
for the purposes of observing propagation or related experimental activities.
What is the FCC Part 97 definition of a "space station"? - ✔✔An amateur station located more than 50
km above the Earth's surface
Which of the following entities recommends transmit/receive channels and other parameters for
auxiliary and repeater stations? - ✔✔Volunteer Frequency Coordinator recognized by local amateurs
Who selects a Frequency Coordinator - ✔✔Amateur operators in a local or regional area whose stations
are eligible to be repeater or auxiliary stations.
Which of the following describes the Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Service (RACES)? - ✔✔All of these
choices are correct - using amateur frequencies for emergency management or civil defense
communications; using amateur stations for emergency management or civil defense communications;
using amateur operators certified by a civil defense organization as being enrolled in that organization
When is willful interference to other amateur radio stations permitted? - ✔✔At no time
Which of the following is a common repeater frequency offset in the 2 meter band? - ✔✔Plus or minus
600 kHz
What is the national calling frequency for FM simplex operations in the 2 meter band? - ✔✔146.520
MHz
What is a common repeater frequency offset in the 70 cm band - ✔✔Plus or minus 5 Mhz
What is an appropriate way to call another station on a repeater if you know the other stations' call
sign? - ✔✔Say the station's call sign, then identify with your call sign
How should you respond to a station calling CQ - ✔✔Transmit the other station's call sign followed by
your call sign.
Which of the following is required when making on-the-air test transmissions - ✔✔Identify the
transmitting station
What is meant by repeater offset - ✔✔The difference between a repeaters transmit frequency and its
receive frequency
What is the meaning of the procedural signal CQ - ✔✔Calling any station
What brief statement indicates that you are listening on a repeater and looking for a contact - ✔✔Your
call sign
What is a band plan, beyond the privileges established by the FCC? - ✔✔A voluntary guideline for using
different modes or activities within an amateur band
What term describes an amateur station that is transmitting and receiving on the same frequency? -
✔✔Simplex
Which of the following is a guideline when choosing an operating frequency for calling CQ? - ✔✔All of
these choices are correct - listen to make sure that one else is using the frequency; ask if the frequency
is in use, make sure you are in your assigned band.
What should you do if another operator reports that your station's 2 meter signals were strong just a
moment ago, but now they are weak or distorted - ✔✔Try moving a few feet or changing the direction
of your antenna if possible, as reflections may e causing multi-path distortion
Why might the range of VHF and UHF signals be greater in the winter? - ✔✔Less absorption by
vegetation
What antenna polarization is normally used for long-distance weak-signal CW and SSB contacts using the
VHF and UHF bands - ✔✔Horizontal
What can happen if the antennas at opposite ends of a VHF or UHF line of sight radio link are not using
the same polarization - ✔✔signals could be significantly weaker
When sing a directional antenna, how might your station be able to access a distant repeater if buildings
or obstructions are blocking the direct line of sight path? - ✔✔Try to find a path that reflects signals to
the repeater
What term is commonly used to describe the rapid fluttering sound sometimes heard from mobile
stations that are moving while transmitting - ✔✔picket fencing
What type of wave carries radio signals between transmitting and receiving stations? -
✔✔electromagnetic
Which of the following is a likely cause of irregular fading of signals received by ionospheric reflection -
✔✔Random combining of signals arriving via different paths
Which of the following results from the fact that skip signals retracted from the ionosphere are
elliptically polarized? - ✔✔Either vertically or horizontally polarized antennas may be used for
transmission or reception.
What may occur if data signals arrive via multiple paths? - ✔✔Error rates are likely to increase
Which part of the atmosphere enables the propagation of radio signals around the world? - ✔✔the
ionosphere
How might fog and light rain affect radio range on 10 meter and 6 meter bands - ✔✔Fog and light rain
will have little effect on these bands
What weather condition would decrease range at microwave frequencies? - ✔✔Precipitation
What must be considered to determine the minimum current capacity needed for a transceiver's power
supply? - ✔✔All of these choices are correct - efficiency of the transmitter at full power output; receiver
and control circuit power; power supply regulation and heat dissipation
How might a computer be used as part of an amateur radio station? - ✔✔All of these choices are correct
- for logging contacts, for sending/receiving CW, and generating/decoding digital signals
Why should wiring between the power source and radio be heavy-gauge wire and kept as short as
possible - ✔✔To avoid voltage failing below that needed for proper operation
Which computer sound card port is connected to a transceiver's headphone or speaker output for
operating digital modes - ✔✔Microphone or line input
What is he proper location for an external SWR meter - ✔✔In series with the feed line, between the
transmitter and antenna
Which of the following connections might be used between a foice transceiver and a computer for
digital operation - ✔✔Receive audio, transmit, audio, and push-to-talk (PTT)
How is a computer's sound card used when conducting digital communications? - ✔✔The sound card
provides audio to the radio's microphone input and converts received audio to digital form
Which of the following conductors provides the lowest impedance to RF signals? - ✔✔Flat strap
Which of the following could you use to cure distorted audio caused by RF current on the shield of a
microphone cable? - ✔✔Ferrite choke
What is the source of a high-pitched whine that varies with engine speed in a mobile transceiver's
receive audio? - ✔✔The alternator
Where should the negative return connection of a mobile transceiver's power cable be connected? -
✔✔At the battery or engine block ground strap
Electrical current is measured in which of the following units? - ✔✔Amperes
Electrical power is measured in which of the following units? - ✔✔Watts
What is the name for the flow of electrons in an electric circuit? - ✔✔Current
What is the name for a current that flows only in one direction? - ✔✔Direct current
What is the electrical term for the electromotive force (EMF) that causes electron flow - ✔✔Voltage
How much voltage does a mobile transceiver typically require? - ✔✔About 12 volts
Which of the following is a good electrical conductor - ✔✔Copper
Which of the following is a good electrical insulator? - ✔✔Glass
What is the name for a current that reverses direction on a regular basis? - ✔✔Alternating current
Which term describes the rate at which electrical energy is used? - ✔✔power
What is the unit of electromotive force? - ✔✔the volt
What describes the number of times per second that an alternating current makes a complete cycle? -
✔✔frequency
In which type of circuit is current the same through all components? - ✔✔series
In which type of circuit is voltage the same across all components - ✔✔parallel
What electrical component opposes the flow of current in a DC circuit - ✔✔resistor
What type of component is often used as an adjustable volume control? - ✔✔potentiometer
What electrical parameter is controlled by a potentiometer? - ✔✔Resistance
What electrical component stores energy in an electric field? - ✔✔capacitor
What type of electrical component consists of two or more conductive surfaces separated by an
insulator - ✔✔capacitor
What type of electrical component stores energy in a magnetic field? - ✔✔inductor
What electrical component usually is constructed by as a coil of wire? - ✔✔inductor
What electrical component is used to connect or disconnect electrical circuits? - ✔✔switch
What electrical component is used to protect other circuit components from current overloads? -
✔✔fuse
Which of the following battery types is rechargeable? - ✔✔All of these choices are correct - nickel-metal
hydride; lithium-ion, lead-acid gel-cell
Which of the following battery types is not rechargeable? - ✔✔carbon-zinc
Which term describes the ability of a receiver to detect the presence of a signal? - ✔✔Sensitivity
What is a transceiver - ✔✔A unit combining the functions of a transmitter and a receiver
Which of the following is used to convert a radio signal from one frequency to another? - ✔✔mixer
Which term describes the ability of a receiver to discriminate between multiple signals - ✔✔selectivity
What is the name of a circuit that generates a signal at a specific frequency? - ✔✔oscillator
What device converts the RF input and output of a transceiver to another band? - ✔✔transverter
What is meant by PTT - ✔✔Push to talk function that switches between receive and transmit
Which of the following describes combining speech with an RF carrier signal? - ✔✔modulation
What is the function of the SSB/CW-FM switch on a VHF power amplifier? - ✔✔Set the amplifier for
proper operation in the selected mode.
What device increases the low-power output from a handheld transceiver? - ✔✔An RF power amplifier
Where is an RF preamplifier installed? - ✔✔between the antenna and receiver
Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation? - ✔✔Single sideband
What type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF packet radio transmission? - ✔✔FM
Which type of voice mode is most often used for long distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and
UHF bands? - ✔✔SSB
Which type of modulation is most commonly used for VHF and UHF voice repeaters - ✔✔FM
Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth? - ✔✔CW
Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF, and UHF single-sideband communications? -
✔✔Upper sideband
What is an advantage of single sideban (SSB) over FM for voice transmissions? - ✔✔SSB signals have
narrower bandwidth
What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband (SSB) voice signal? - ✔✔3 kHz
What is the approximate bandwidth of a VHF repeater FM phone signal - ✔✔between 10 and 15 kHz
What is the typical bandwidth of analog fast-scan TV transmissions on the 70 centimeter band? -
✔✔About 6 MHz
What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW signal? - ✔✔150 Hz
What is a beam antenna? - ✔✔An antenna that concentrates signals in one direction
Which of the following describes a type of antenna loading? - ✔✔Inserting an inductor in the radiating
portion of the antenna to make it electrically longer
Which of the following describes a simple dipole oriented parallel to the Earth's surface? - ✔✔a
horizontally polarized antenna
What is a disadvantage of the "rubber duck" antenna supplied with most handheld radio transceivers
when compared to a full-sized quarter-wave antenna? - ✔✔It does not transmit or receive as effectively
How would you change a dipole antenna to make it resonant on a higher frequency? - ✔✔shorten it
What type of antennas are the quad, Yagi, and dish? - ✔✔Directional antennas
What is a disadvantage of using a handheld VHF transceiver, with its integral antenna, inside a vehicle? -
✔✔Signals might not propagate well due to the shielding effect of the vehicle.
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a quarter-wavelength vertical antenna for 146 MHz? -
✔✔19
What is the approximate length, in inches, of a half-wavelength 6 meter dipole antenna? - ✔✔112
In which direction does a half-wave dipole antenna radiate the strongest signal? - ✔✔broadside to the
antenna
What is the gain of an antenna? - ✔✔The increase in signal strength in a specified direction compared to
a reference antenna
What is an advantage of using a properly mounted 5/8 wavelength antenna for VHF or UHF mobile
service? - ✔✔It has a lower radiation angle and more gain than a 1/4 wavelength antenna.
Which of the following is a safety hazard of a 12-volt storage battery? - ✔✔Shorting the terminals can
cause burns, fire, or an explosion.
What health hazard is presented by electrical current flowing through the body? - ✔✔All of these are
correct - injury by heating tissue; disrupt the electrical functions of cells, involuntary muscle contractions
In the United States, what is connected to the green wire in a three-wire electrical AC plug? -
✔✔equipment ground
What is the purpose of a fuse in an electrical circuit? - ✔✔to interrupt power in case of overload
Why is it unwise to install a 20-ampere fuse in the place of a 5-ampere fuse? - ✔✔excessive current
could cause a fire
What is a good way to guard against electrical shock at your station? - ✔✔All of these - use three-wire
cords and plugs for all AC powered equipment; connect all AC powered station equipment to a common
safety ground; use a circuit protected by a ground-fault interrupter
Which of these precautions should be taken when installing devices for lightning protection in a coaxial
cable feed line? - ✔✔Mount all of the protectors on a metal plate that is in turn connected to an
external ground rod
What safety equipment should always be included in home-built equipment that is powered from 120V
AC power circuits? - ✔✔A fuse or circuit breaker in series with the AC hot conductor
What should be done to all external ground rods or earth connections? - ✔✔Bond them together with
heavy wire or conductive strap
What can happen if a lead-acid storage battery is charged or discharged too quickly? - ✔✔The battery
could overheat, give off flammable gas, or explode
What kind of hazard might exist in a power supply when it is turned off and disconnected? - ✔✔You
might receive an electric shock from the charge stored in large capacitors
What is the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) - ✔✔A United Nations agency for
information and communication technology issues
Which amateur radio stations may make contact with an amateur radio station on the International
Space Station (ISS) using 2 meter and 70 cm band frequencies? - ✔✔Any amateur holding a technician
or higher class license
Which frequency is within the 6 meter amateur and? - ✔✔52.525 MHz
Which amateur band are you using when your station is transmitting on 146.52 MHz? - ✔✔2 meter
band
What is the limitation for emissions on the frequencies between 219 and 220 MHz? - ✔✔Fixed digital
message forwarding systems only
On which HF bands does a technician class operator have phone privileges - ✔✔10 meter band only
Which of the following VHF/UHF frequency ranges are limited to CW only? - ✔✔50.0 MHz to 50.1 MHz
and 144.0 MHz to 144.1 MHz
Which of the following is a result of the fact that the Amateur Radio Service is secondary in all or
portions of some amateur bands (such as portions of the 70 cm band)? - ✔✔U.S. amateurs may find
non-amateur stations in those portions, and must avoid interfering with them
Why should you not set your transmit frequency to be exactly at the edge of an amateur band or subband? - ✔✔All of these allow for calibration error in the transmitter frequency display, so that
modulation sidebands do not extend beyond the band edge, to allow for transmitter frequency drift
Which of the following HF bands have frequencies available to the technician class operator for RTTY
and data transmissions? - ✔✔10 meter band only
What is the maximum peak envelope power output for technician class operators using their assigned
portions of the HF bands? - ✔✔200 watts
Except for some specific restrictions, what is the maximum peak envelope power output for technician
class operators using frequencies above 30 MHz? - ✔✔1500 watts
For which license classes are new licenses currently available from the FCC? - ✔✔technician, general,
amateur extra
Who may select a desired call sign under the vanity call sign rules? - ✔✔any licensed amateur
What types of international communications is an FCC-licensed amateur radio station permitted to
make? - ✔✔Communications incidental to the purposes of the Amateur Radio Service and remarks of a
personal character
When are you allowed to operate your amateur station in a foreign country? - ✔✔When the foreign
country authorizes it
Which of the following is a valid call sign for a technician class amateur radio station? - ✔✔K1XXX
From which of the following locations may an FCC-licensed amateur station transmit? - ✔✔From any
vessel or craft located in international waters and documented or registered in the United States
What may result when correspondence from the FCC is returned as undeliverable because the grantee
failed to provide and maintain a correct mailing address with the FCC? - ✔✔Revocation of the station
license or suspension of the operator license.
What is the normal term for an FCC-issued primary station/operator amateur radio license grant? -
✔✔10 years
What is the grace period following the expiration of an amateur license within which the license may be
renewed? - ✔✔2 years
How soon after passing the examination for your first amateur radio license may you operate a
transmitter on an Amateur Radio Service frequency? - ✔✔As soon as your operator/station license grant
appears in the FCC's license database
If your license has expired and is still within the allowable grace period, may you continue to operate a
transmitter on Amateur Radio Service frequencies? - ✔✔No, transmitting is not allowed until the FCC
license database shows that the license has been renewed
With which countries are FCC-licensed amateur radio stations prohibited from exchanging
communications? - ✔✔Any country whose administration has notified the International
Telecommunications Union (ITU) that it objects to such communications
Under which of the following circumstances may an amateur radio station make one-way transmissions?
- ✔✔When transmitting code practice, information bulletins, or transmissions necessary to provide
emergency communications
When is it permissable to transmit messages encoded to hide their meaning? - ✔✔Only when
transmitting control commands to space stations or radio control craft
Under what conditions is an amateur station authorized to transmit music using a phone emission? -
✔✔When incidental to an authorized retransmission of manned spacecraft communications
When may amateur radio operators use their stations to notify other amateurs of the availability of
equipment for sale or trade? - ✔✔When the equipment is normally used in an amateur station and such
activity is not conducted on a regular basis.
What, if any, are the restrictions concerning transmission of language that may be considered indecent
or obscene? - ✔✔Any such language is prohibited
What types of amateur stations can automatically retransmit the signals of other amateur stations? -
✔✔Repeater, auxiliary, or space stations
In which of the following circumstances may the control operator of an amateur station receive
compensation for operating that station? - ✔✔When the communication is incidental to classroom
instruction at an educational institution
Under which of the following circumstances are amateur stations authorized to transmit signals related
to broadcasting, program production, or news gathering, assuming no other means is available? -
✔✔Only where such communications directly relate to the immediate safety of human life or protection
of property
What is the meaning of the term "broadcasting" in the FCC rules for the Amateur Radio Service? -
✔✔Transmissions intended for reception by the general public
When may an amateur station transmit without on-the-air identification? - ✔✔When transmitting
signals to control model craft
When is an amateur station permitted to transmit without a control operator? - ✔✔Never
Who may be the control operator of a station communicating through an amateur satellite or space
station? - ✔✔Any amateur whose license privileges allow them to transmit on the satellite uplink
frequency
Who must designate the station control operator? - ✔✔station licensee
What determines the transmitting privileges of an amateur station? - ✔✔The class of operator license
held by the control operator
What is an amateur station control point? - ✔✔The location at which the control operator function is
performed
When, under normal circumstances, may a technician class license be the control operator of a station
operating in an exclusive Amateur extra class operator segment of the amateur bands? - ✔✔At no time
When the control operator is not the station licensee who is responsible for the proper operation of the
station? - ✔✔The control operator and the station licensee are equally responsible.
Which of the following is an example of automatic control? - ✔✔repeater operation
Which of the following is true of remote control operation? - ✔✔All of these - control operator must be
at the control point; control operator is required at all times; control operator indirectly manipulates the
controls
Which of the following is an example of remote control as defined in Part 97? - ✔✔Operating the station
over the internet
Who does the FCC presume to be the control operator of an amateur station, unless documentation to
the contrary is in the station records? - ✔✔station licensee
When must the station licensee make the station and its records available for FCC inspection? - ✔✔At
any time upon request by an FCC representative
When using tactical identifiers such as "Race Headquarters" during a community service net operation,
how often must your station transmit the station's FCC-assigned call sign? - ✔✔At the end of each
communication and every ten minutes during a communication
When is an amateur station required to transmit its assigned call sign? - ✔✔At least every 10 minutes
during and at the end of a communication
Which of the following is an acceptable language to use for station identification when operating in a
phone sub-band - ✔✔The English language
What method of call sign identification is required for a station transmitting phone signals? - ✔✔Send
the call sign using a CW or phone emission.
Which of the following formats of a self-assigned indicator is acceptable when identifying using a phone
trasnmission? - ✔✔All of these - KL7CC stroke W3, KL7CC slant W3, KL7CC slash W3
Which of the following restrictions apply when a non-licensed person is allowed to speak to a foreign
station using a station under the control of a technician class control operator? - ✔✔The foreign station
must be one with which the U.S. has a third-party agreement
What is meant y the term "Third Party Communications"? - ✔✔A message from a control operator to
another amateur station control operator on behalf of another person
What type of amateur station simultaneously retransmits the signal of another amateur station on a
different channel or channels? - ✔✔Repeater station
Who is accountable should a repeater inadvertently retransmit communications that violate the FCC
rules? - ✔✔The control operator of the originating station
Which of the following is a requirement for the issuance of a club station license grant? - ✔✔The club
must have at least four members
What is the most common use of the "reverse" split function of a VHF/UHF transceiver? - ✔✔Listen on a
repeater's input frequency
What term describes the use of a sub-audible tone transmitted along with normal voice audio to open
the squelch of a receiver? - ✔✔CTCSS
If a station is not strong enough to keep a repeater's receiver squelch open, which of the following might
allow you to receive the station's signal? - ✔✔Listen on the repeater input frequency
Which of the following could be the reason you are unable to access a repeater whose output you can
hear? - ✔✔All of these - improper transceiver offset; the repeater may require a proper CTCSS tone
from transceiver; the repeater may require a proper DCS tone from your transceiver
What might be the problem if a repeater user says your transmissions are breaking up on voice peaks? -
✔✔You are talking too loudly
What type of tones are used to control repeaters linked by the Internet Relay Linking Project (IRLP)
protocl? - ✔✔DTMF
How can you join a digital repeater's "talk group"? - ✔✔Program your radio with the group's ID or code
Which of the following applies when two stations transmitting on the same frequency interfere with
each other? - ✔✔Common courtesy should prevail, but no one has absolute right to an amateur
frequency
What is a talk group on a DMR digital repeater? - ✔✔A way for groups of users the share a channel at
different times without being heard by other users on the channel.
Which Q signal indicates that you are receiving interference from other stations? - ✔✔QRM
Which Q signal indicates that you are changing frequency? - ✔✔QSY
Why are simplex channels designated in the VHF/UHF band plans? - ✔✔So that stations within mutual
communications range can communicate without tying up a repeater
Where may SSB phone be used in amateur bands above 50 MHz - ✔✔In at least some portion of all
these bands
Which of the following describes a linked repeater network - ✔✔A network of repeaters where signals
received by one repeater are repeated by all the repeaters
When do the FCC rules NOT apply to the operation of an amateur station? - ✔✔Never, FCC rules always
apply
What is meant by the term NCS used in net operation? - ✔✔Net Control Station
What should be done when using voice modes to ensure that voice messages containing unusual words
are received correctly? - ✔✔Spell the words using a standard phonetic alphabet
What do RACES and ARES have in common - ✔✔Both organizations may provide communications during
emergencies
What does the term traffic refer to in net operation - ✔✔Formal messages exchanged by net stations
Which of the following is an accepted practice to get the immediate attention of a net control station
when reporting an emergency? - ✔✔Begin your transmission by saying "priority" or "emergency"
followed by your call sign
Which of the following is an accepted practice for an amateur operator who has checked into a net? -
✔✔Remain on frequency without transmitting until asked to do so by the net control station
Which of the following is a characteristic of good traffic handling? - ✔✔Passing messages exactly as
received
Are amateur station control operators ever permitted to operate outside the frequency privileges of
their license class? - ✔✔Yes, but only if necessary in situations involving the immediate safety of human
life or protection of property
What information is contained in the preamble of a formal traffic message? - ✔✔The information
needed to track the message
What is meant by the term "check" in reference to a formal traffic message? - ✔✔The number of words
or word equivalents in the text portion of the message.
What is the Amateur Radio Emergency Service (ARES)? - ✔✔Licensed amateurs who have voluntarily
registered their qualifications and equipment for communications duty in the public service.
What is the name for the distance a radio wave travels during one complete cycle? - ✔✔wavelength
What property of a radio wave is used to describe its polarization? - ✔✔The orientation of the electric
field
What are the two components of a radio wave? - ✔✔Electric and magnetic fields
How fast does a radio wave travel through free space? - ✔✔At the speed of light
How does the wavelength of a radio wave relate to its frequency? - ✔✔The wavelength gets shorter as
the frequency increases
What is the formula for converting frequency to approximate wavelength in meters? - ✔✔Wavelength
in meters equals 300 divided by frequency in megahertz
What property of radio waves is often used to identify the different frequency bands? - ✔✔The
approximate wavelength
What are the frequency limits of the VHF spectrum? - ✔✔30 to 300 MHz
What are the frequency limits of the UHF spectrum? - ✔✔300 to 3000 MHz
What frequency range is referred to as HF - ✔✔3 to 30 MHz
What is the approximate velocity of a radio wave as it travels through free space? - ✔✔300,000,000
meters per second
Why are direct (not via a repeater) UHF signals rarely heard from stations outside your local coverage
area? - ✔✔UHF signals are usually not reflected by the ionosphere
Which of the following is an advantage of HF vs VHF and higher frequencies? - ✔✔Long distance
ionospheric propagation is far more common on HF
What is a characteristic of VHF signals received via auroral reflection? - ✔✔The signals exhibit rapid
fluctuations of strength and often sound distorted
Which of the following propagation types is most commonly associated with occasional strong over-thehorizon signals on the 10, 6, and 2 meter bands? - ✔✔Sporadic E
Which of the following effects might cause radio signals to be heard despite obstructions between the
transmitting and receiving stations? - ✔✔Knife-edge diffraction
What mode is responsible for allowing over-the-horizon VHF and UHF communications to ranges of
approximately 300 miles on a regular basis? - ✔✔Tropospheric ducting
What and is best suited for communicating via meteor scatter? - ✔✔6 meter band
What causes tropospheric ducting? - ✔✔Temperature inversions in the atmosphere
What is generally the best time for long-distance 10 meter band propagation via the F layer? - ✔✔From
dawn to shortly after sunset during periods of high sunspot activity
Which of the following bands may provide long distance communications during the peak of the sunspot
cycle? - ✔✔6 or 10 meter bands
Why do VHF and UHF radio signals usually travel somewhat farther than the visual line of sight distance
between two stations? - ✔✔The Earth seems less curved to radio waves than to light
What may happen if a transmitter is operated with the microphone gain set too high? - ✔✔The output
signal might become distorted
Which of the following can be used to enter the operating frequency on a modern transceiver? - ✔✔the
keypad or VFO knob
What is the purpose of the squelch control on a transceiver? - ✔✔To mute receiver output noise when
no signal is being received
What is a way to enable quick access to a favorite frequency on your transceiver? - ✔✔Store the
frequency in a memory channel
Which of the following would reduce ignition interference to a receiver? - ✔✔Turn on the noise blanker
Which of the following controls could be used if the voice pitch of a single-sideband signal seems too
high or low? - ✔✔The receiver RIT or clarifier
What does the term "RIT" mean? - ✔✔Receiver Incremental Tuning
What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver? -
✔✔Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode
Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth for minimizing noise and interference
for SSB reception? - ✔✔2400 Hz
Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth for minimizing noise and interference
for CW reception? - ✔✔500 H
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