TMC EXAM REVIEW - Part 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed

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TMC EXAM REVIEW - Part 1 Questions and Answers Already Passed What formula is used to determine cardiac output? ✔✔Fick Equation What is the normal range for cardiac output? ✔✔4-8 LPM What ... are the units that measure cardiac index? ✔✔L/min/m^2 (cardiac index = cardiac output / body surface area) [body surface area for most patients is about 2 m^2] What is the normal range for cardiac index? ✔✔2-4 L/min/m^2 If a patient is bleeding during bronchoscopy, you would administer _______________ down the bronchoscope. ✔✔Epinephrine (a vasoconstrictor) If a patient is coughing during bronchoscopy, you would administer _____________ down the bronchoscope. ✔✔Lidocaine (a topical anesthetic) _______ and _______ are decreased in restriction (less than 80% of predicted) ✔✔TLC (total lung capacity), VC (vital capacity) ___________ is decreased in obstruction (less than 70% of predicted), so the patient exhales less than 70% of vital capacity in the first second. ✔✔FEV1/FVC ratio Name the five main obstructive diseases (CBABE). ✔✔Cystic Fibrosis, Bronchitis, Asthma, Bronchiectasis, Emphysema What does PEEP (positive end-expiratory pressure) really do to improve oxygenation? ✔✔It decreases PA-aO2 (A-a gradient or alveolar to arterial gradient) and increases FRC (functional residual capacity) For an acute asthma attack in the E.R., you would recommend _________ and __________. ✔✔Albuterol, Prednisone For an infant with stridor in the E.R., you would recommend ______________. ✔✔Racemic Epinephrine A transcutaneous oxygen sensor temperature should be ________ degrees Celsius. If the sensor is burning the infant, move it to another location more frequently (every 2-3 hours). ✔✔44 What is the conversion rate for 80/20 heliox? ✔✔1.8 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.8 to get the true flow rate reading) What is the conversion rate for 70/30 heliox? ✔✔1.6 (multiply the oxygen flow rate by 1.6 to get the true flow rate reading) What medication would you nebulize for a patient with acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose? ✔✔N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Which blood gas value is much lower in a CBG (capillary blood gas) than an ABG? ✔✔pO2 (partial pressure of oxygen) [pO2 = 50 to 60 mmHg for normal value] Any FiO2 over ______% is considered oxygen toxicity. ✔✔60 After you have increased oxygen administration levels to an FiO2 of 60%, then you must begin to add _________. ✔✔PEEP (positive end expiratory pressure) _______________ is a state that means that one or more of the four iron atoms in the molecule are in the ferric state, rather than in the ferrous state and are incapable of binding oxygen. ✔✔Methemoglobinemia _______________ is caused by carbon monoxide poisoning. When this occurs, hemoximetry and pulse-oximetry read differently. ✔✔Carboxyhemoglobinemia What type of percussion note is heard in pneumonia, pleural effusion, and an underlying tumor? ✔✔Dull What type of percussion note is heard with a pneumothorax or emphysema with air-trapping? ✔✔Hyperresonnant Pneumonia, pleural effusion, and atelectasis are characterized by a __________ in chest expansion. ✔✔Decrease __________ fremitus is heard in pneumonia. ✔✔Increased (sound is transmitted more strongly through a non-air filled lung, there is a loss or a decrease in ventilation) ____________ fremitus is heard in emphysema [Show More]

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