FNP Certification Exam Questions & Answer. 100% Accurate. Rated A+

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FNP Certification Exam Questions & Answer. 100% Accurate. Rated A+ Assessment of the optic disc is a component of the evaluation of cranial nerve: I. II. III. .IV - ✔✔Cranial II You examin... e a 62-year-old woman with a 20-year history of hypertension. She reports intermittent use of antihypertensive medications, stating, "I feel better without the medications." Today she presents for a "check-up."On physical examination, you note the following: PMI with a downward and lateral shift as well as a Gr II/VI holosystolic murmur with radiation to the axilla. This patient's health history is most likely to include a report of: Syncopal episodes. Episodes of chest pain at rest. Dyspnea with exertion. Vertigo. - ✔✔Ans: dyspnea on exertion Of the following, which should be performed first in assessing a 48-year-old woman who has a 25-year history of moderate persistent asthma and who now presents with an acute asthma flare? Oxygen saturation Arterial blood gas FEV1 (forced expiratory volume at 1 second) Chest x-ray - ✔✔Ans: FEV (force expiratory volume) You are setting up a healthcare clinic for migrant farm workers. Which of the following sites is most desirable? Community hall of a local church Local hospital ambulatory care center Mobile van Space in a shopping center - ✔✔Ans: Mobile van A 58-year-old woman presents for an initial examination in order to become a patient in your primary care practice. She is a nonsmoker, drinks 1 to 2, 5 oz (0.15 L) glasses of wine per week, and works as an administrative assistant in a law office. She is without complaint and reports that she is generally in good health. Physical exam reveals BMI=34 kg/m2 and BP=144/98 mm Hg bilaterally. The rest of her examination is unremarkable. Prescribe a low-dose thiazide diuretic. Arrange for additional blood pressure measurements within the next four weeks. Order a serum creatinine, urea nitrogen and urinalysis. Advise restricting sodium intake and limiting alcohol intake to no more than 1 glass of wine per week. - ✔✔Ans: Arrange for additional blood pressure measurements within the next four weeks. The NP demonstrates fulfillment of the advanced practice nursing leadership role by participating in which of the following activities? Teaching a 56-year-old man with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus about the importance of selfglucose monitoring Volunteering to teach a class on contraceptive methods to a group of teen mothers Discussing barriers to achieving blood pressure control with a 65-year-old woman with hypertension who "does not want to take any medicine" Collaborating with the regional public health department on an initiative to combat obesity through a community-based exercise program - ✔✔Ans: Collaborating with the regional public health department on an initiative to combat obesity through a community-based exercise program You are asked to speak to a group of healthcare executives on the NP role. Which of the following provides the strongest support for NP practice? Number of academic credits earned during the NP program Evidence of NP practice outcomes The quantity of clinical hours and type of clinical rotations in the NP program The professional experience of the person prior to entering the NP program - ✔✔Ans: Evidence of NP practice outcomes Rank the following from highest (1) to lowest (4) level of research design. __Case reports __Meta-analysis __Randomized controlled trials __Expert opinion 1-Case reports 2-Meta-analysis 3-Randomized controlled trials 4-Expert opinion 2-Case reports 1-Meta-analysis 3-Randomized controlled trials 4-Expert opinion 3-Case reports 1-Meta-analysis 2-Randomized controlled trials 4-Expert opinion 4-Case reports 3-Meta-analysis 2-Randomized controlled trials 1-Expert opinion - ✔✔Ans: 3-Case reports 1-Meta-analysis 2-Randomized controlled trials 4-Expert opinion In a 46-year-old woman with hypertension and dyslipidemia, choose the correct prevention: Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention Counseling about reducing risk for sexually transmitted infection __ Skin survey for precancerous lesions __ 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Secondary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Secondary prevention - ✔✔Ans: 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention In a 66-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), choose the correct prevention: Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention 1. Administering influenza vaccine __ 2. Adjusting therapy to enhance glycemic control __ 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Secondary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention - ✔✔Ans: 1-Primary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention In a 25-year-old well woman with a strong family history of T2DM, choose the correct prevention: Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention 1. Checking fasting lipid profile __ 2. Teaching the benefits of participating in a consistent program of moderate-intensity physical activity __ 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Secondary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention - ✔✔Ans: 1-Secondary prevention 2-Primary prevention In a 76-year-old man with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), choose the correct prevention: Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention 1. Ensuring adequate illumination at home __ 2. Screening for physical, emotional, or financial abuse __ 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Secondary prevention 2-Tertiary prevention - ✔✔Ans: 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention Joseph is a 28-year-old man who presents to your practice with a 2 h history of a superficial laceration on his forearm that is approximately 5 cm (2") that happened when he was replacing a windowpane and was cut by the glass. Physical examination is consistent with history.His record notes a Tdap vaccine given approximately 2 years ago and documentation of a primary tetanus series. When considering his needs for tetanus immunization today, the NP appreciates that today Joseph should receive: A Td (tetanus, diphtheria) booster. A Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis) booster. A dose of TIG (tetanus immune globulin). No tetanus vaccine. - ✔✔Ans: No tetanus vaccine. In a community undergoing a disaster, the use of select vaccines will be prioritized. Match the type of disaster with the priority vaccine: Immunization against tetanus Immunization against influenza Immunization against Hepatitis A 1. Uninjured adults and children evacuated to a crowded group setting __ 2. Adults with multiple deep lacerations from flying debris __ 3. A community exposed to unsafe water supply after a hurricane __ 1. Immunization against tetanus 2. Immunization against influenza 3. Immunization against Hepatitis A 1. Immunization against influenza 2. Immunization against tetanus 3. Immunization against Hepatitis A 1. Immunization against tetanus 2. Immunization against Hepatitis A 3. Immunization against influenza 1. Immunization against Hepatitis A 2. Immunization against tetanus 3. Immunization against influenza - ✔✔1. Immunization against influenza 2. Immunization against tetanus 3. Immunization against Hepatitis A True or False? 1. Immune globulin is a concentrated solution of antibodies derived from pooled donated blood. __ 2. Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis [Adacel®, Boostrix®]) vaccine should replace a single dose of Td (tetanus, diphtheria) vaccine for most adults who have not previously received a dose of Tdap in order to provide additional protection against pertussis. __ 3. Previously unvaccinated adults age 19 through 59 years with diabetes mellitus type 1 or type 2 should be vaccinated against hepatitis B as soon as possible after the diabetes diagnosis is made. __ 1. True 2. True 3. False 1. True 2. True 3. True 1. False 2. True 3. False 1. True 2. False 3. False - ✔✔Ans: 1. True 2. True 3. True A 67-year-old man with well-controlled hypertension and dyslipidemia who received one dose of PPSV23 (Pneumovax®) 1 year ago asks about a "new pneumonia shot" he heard about in a TV promotion. You advise that: He is adequately immunized against pneumococcal disease. That there is another pneumococcal vaccine available but its use is not advised in older adults due to its adverse effect profile. He is eligible for a dose of PCV13 (Prevnar®) today to be optimally protected against pneumococcal disease. In 4 more years, he should receive a second dose of PPSV23. - ✔✔Ans: He is eligible for a dose of PCV13 (Prevnar®) today to be optimally protected against pneumococcal disease. Which of the following influenza vaccines is most appropriate for a 67-year-old man with no reported allergic reactions? Quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) High-dose trivalent IIV Intradermal quadrivalent IIV Cell cultured-based quadrivalent IIV - ✔✔Ans: High-dose trivalent IIV While counseling a 32-year-old man in good health about influenza vaccination, he reports that he occasionally experiences hives when consuming eggs (e.g., scrambled eggs), but has no reaction when consuming foods that contain eggs (e.g., cake). The NP considers the best course of action is to: Note the allergy in his records so that immunization will not be offered in the future. Offer vaccination with trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3). Offer vaccination with live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). Refer him to a specialist for allergy testing prior to immunization with high-dose trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV3). - ✔✔Ans: Offer vaccination with trivalent recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3). When considering influenza vaccination for an adult who claims to experience a hive-form reaction when exposed to eggs without a history of angioedema or respiratory distress, which of the following is most appropriate? Administer any vaccine appropriate for his age and health status Only offer the recombinant influenza vaccine (RIV3) Referral for vaccination at an allergy practice. Do not administer vaccine as it is contraindicated for this patient - ✔✔Ans: Administer any vaccine appropriate for his age and health status A 19-year-old woman returns to receive her third dose of the HPV vaccine series. Her first two doses were with the quadrivalent vaccine, but the practice currently only stocks the 9-valent HPV vaccine. The NP considers the best course of action is to: Complete her vaccination series with the 9-valent vaccine. Defer completing the vaccination series until the quadrivalent vaccine is available in the practice. Refer her to a practice where the quadrivalent vaccine is currently available. Restart the series with the 9-valent vaccine and schedule her next two doses within 6 months. - ✔✔Ans: Complete her vaccination series with the 9-valent vaccine. A person with a latent tuberculosis infection (True/False): 1. Does not exhibit any signs or symptoms of active infection. __ 2. Can spread the disease to others. __ 3. Will have a positive tuberculin skin test. __ 4. Will have >50% lifetime risk of developing active tuberculosis. __ 1-False 2-True 3-False 4-False 1-True 2-True 3-False 4-False 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False 1-False 2-False 3-False 4-False - ✔✔Ans: 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False Identify which of the following patients should undergo testing for tuberculosis (Yes/No). 1. A 22-year-old male with HIV. __ 2. A healthy 18-year-old woman who lives with her father who was recently diagnosed with active tuberculosis infection. __ 3. 45-year-old man who was recently released from prison after 2 years of incarceration. __ 4. 32-year-old woman who recently emigrated from Southeast Asia. __ 1-No 2-Yes 3-Yes 4-Yes 1-Yes 2-Yes 3-Yes 4-Yes 1-Yes 2-No 3-No 4-Yes 1-No 2-No 3-No 4-No - ✔✔Ans: 1-Yes 2-Yes 3-Yes 4-Yes When evaluating the Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST), a positive or negative result is determined by: AThe area of erythema surrounding the injection site. The diameter of induration surrounding the injection site. Presence of generalized maculopapular rash. Presence of fever ≥99.8ᵒC. - ✔✔The diameter of induration surrounding the injection site. In a 51-year-old woman at average risk of breast cancer, choose the prevention: Primary prevention Secondary prevention Tertiary prevention 1. Counseling about the hazard of tobacco use. __ 2. Obtaining breast cancer screening via mammography. __ 1-Secondary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Primary prevention 1-Primary prevention 2-Secondary prevention 1-Tertiary prevention 2-Secondary prevention - ✔✔Ans: In a 51-year-old woman at average risk of breast cancer, choose the prevention: Match each example with the appropriate communication skill. Broad opening/open-ended question Clarification Active listening Restating 1. "You said that you got angry when your boyfriend came home late." __ 2. Use of eye contact and non-verbal cues. __ 3. "What's on your mind?" __ 4. "I don't think I see the connection. Can you explain that to me again?" __ 1-Broad opening/open-ended question 2-Clarification 3-Active listening 4-Restating 1-Broad opening/open-ended question 2-Restating 3-Active listening 4-Clarification 1-Restating 2-Clarification 3-Active listening 4-Broad opening/open-ended question 1-Restating 2-Active listening 3-Broad opening/open-ended question 4-Clarification - ✔✔Ans: 1- Restating 2-Active listening 3-Broad opening/open-ended question 4-Clarification A 48-year-old man is recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. All of the following vaccinations are indicated except: Pneumococcal. Hepatitis B. Herpes zoster (shingles). Influenza. - ✔✔Herpes zoster (shingles). Immunization against herpes zoster is recommended by the CDC for all adults: ≥50 years. ≥55 years. ≥60 years. ≥65 years. - ✔✔Ans: ≥60 years. A 51-year-old woman of European ancestry who has had no primary care for more than 10 years presents to your practice. She has a 40 pack-year cigarette smoking history, currently smoking 1 PPD and reports drinking about 3-4, 12 oz (0.35 L) beers per month. Her history is otherwise unremarkable as is her physical examination. You order the following screening test: Hemoglobin electrophoresis. Mammography. Chest x-ray. Fasting serum triglycerides. - ✔✔Ans: Mammography. A 65-year-old Native American man presents for a "physical." He feels well, denies tobacco or alcohol use, and has not seen a healthcare provider in more than 10 years. The patient states, "I am a really healthy person. I would not come in except my wife and daughter told me I should have a checkup." As part of today's visit, he should be screened for: Pancreatic cancer. Hemolytic anemia. Hepatic sclerosis. Visual defect. - ✔✔Ans: Visual defect. A 30-year-old woman of Asian ancestry presents for a routine health visit. She is in good health and reports she is concerned about her personal breast and ovarian cancer risk and asks about BRCA gene mutation testing. You advise the following: BRCA gene mutation testing should be offered to all women who request this evaluation. A standardized screening questionnaire for BRCA gene mutation such as FHS-7 should be administered today to determine if BRCA gene mutation testing is warranted. She is not a candidate for this test due to her ethnicity. A referral to genetic counseling for guidance on BRCA gene mutation testing should be ordered. - ✔✔Ans: A standardized screening questionnaire for BRCA gene mutation such as FHS-7 should be administered today to determine if BRCA gene mutation testing is warranted. Suicide: True or False? 1. Males represent nearly 80% of all completed suicides. __ 2. When compared with male suicide attempts, female attempts at suicide are approximately 2-3 times more common. __ 3. The highest rate of completed suicide is found in teenage males. __ 4. Inquiring about suicidal ideation could precipitate the act. __ 1-True 2-True 3-False 4-False 1-True 2-Flase3-False 4-True 1-False 2-True 3-False 4-False 1-False 2-False 3-False 4-False - ✔✔1-True 2-True 3-False 4-False Ms. Kane is a 25-year-old woman who presents with finger-shaped ecchymotic areas on her right shoulder that are an incidental finding during a physical examination. She denies abuse or assault. The NP's most appropriate response is: "Your bruises look as if they were caused by someone grabbing you." "Was this an accident?" "I notice the bruises are in the shape of a hand." "How did you fall?" - ✔✔Ans: "I notice the bruises are in the shape of a hand." Mr. Jacobs is a 65-year-old man with COPD and a 60 pack-year history who is currently smoking 1.5 packs of cigarettes per day. He is reading a pamphlet in your office about smoking cessation.You ask him if he has any questions and he states, "I don't plan to quit smoking at my age. I am too old to quit now. Why bother?" The NP's most appropriate response is: Since you have COPD, you really should quit smoking. You know your lungs will get more damaged if you continue to smoke. Tell me what you mean by, "I am too old to quit." I can provide medication that will help you to quit smoking. - ✔✔Ans: Tell me what you mean by, "I am too old to quit." According to the Stages of Change Theory, he is most likely in which of the following stages? Precontemplation Contemplation Preparation Minimization - ✔✔Ans: Precontemplation According to current nationally-recognized recommendations, are the following cancer screenings indicated? Yes or No 1. Annual digital rectal exam as colorectal cancer screening in a 63-year-old man __ 2. An initial liquid-based Pap test with HPV cotesting in a 19-year-old woman who is one year postcoitarche __ 3. Endometrial biopsy in a 52-year-old woman who is two years post-LMP and who denies vaginal bleeding __ 4. Annual prostate specific antigen testing in an 81-year-old man who has hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy __ 5. Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT (LDCT) for a 60-year-old who is generally in good health who has a 35 pack-year cigarette smoking history who quit smoking 5 years ago __ 1-Yes 2-Yes 3-No 4-Yes 5-No 1-No 2-No 3-No 4-Yes 5-No 1-No 2-Yes 3-No 4-Yes 5-No 1-No 2-No 3-No 4-No 5-Yes - ✔✔Ans: 1-No 2-No 3-No 4-No 5-Yes A person with a latent tuberculosis infection: (True/False) 1. Does not exhibit any signs or symptoms of active infection. __ 2. Can spread the disease to others. __ 3. Will have a positive tuberculin skin test. __ 4. Will have >50% lifetime risk of developing active tuberculosis. __ 1-False 2-True 3-True 4-False 1-True 2-True 3-True 4-True 1-False 2-True 3-False 4-False 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False - ✔✔1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False Identify which of the following patients should undergo testing for tuberculosis. (Yes/No) 1. A 22-year-old male with HIV __ 2. A healthy 18-year-old woman who lives with her father who was recently diagnosed with active tuberculosis infection __ 3. A 45-year-old man who was recently released from prison after 2 years of incarceration __ 4. A 32-year-old woman who recently immigrated from Southeast Asia __ 1-Yes 2-No 3-Yes 4-No 1-Yes 2-No 3-No 4-No 1-No 2-No 3-Yes 4-No 1-Yes 2-Yes 3-Yes 4-Yes - ✔✔Ans: 1-Yes 2-Yes 3-Yes 4-Yes The duration of antimicrobial treatment for active tuberculosis infection is typically: 10 days. 4-6 weeks. 6-9 months. 1-2 years. - ✔✔Ans: 6-9 months. According to current nationally recognized recommendations (True/False): 1. Screening for lung cancer with a low-dose CT scan is indicated for a 62-year-old man in good health who is a current smoker and has a 40 pack-year smoking history. __ 2. PSA testing is indicated for a 68-year-old man with end-stage heart failure. __ 3. PV test and Pap test are recommended for a 37-year-old woman who had negative cervical cytology results 5 years ago. __ A 24-year-old woman who completed the HPV vaccination regimen 2 years ago is not recommended to undergo cervical cancer screening until she reaches 30 years of age. __ 1-True 2-False 3-False 4-True 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-True 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False 1-False 2-False 3-False 4-True - ✔✔1-True 2-False 3-True 4-False Match each definition with the appropriate term: Prevalence Incidence False positive False negative Specificity Sensitivity 1. Refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those with a condition. __ 2. Refers to the ability of a test to correctly identify those without a condition. __ 3. Proportion or number of individuals with a condition at a given time. __ 4. Number of new cases occurring within a period of time. __ 1-Prevalence 2-False negative 3-Sensitivity 4-Incidence 1-Sensitivity 2-Specificity 3-Prevalence 4-Incidence 1-False positive 2-False negative 3-Specificity 4-Incidence - ✔✔Ans: 1-Sensitivity 2-Specificity 3- Prevalence 4-Incidence You advise a 28-year-old woman who follows a vegan diet to supplement with: Vitamin A. Iron. Vitamin B12. Folic acid. - ✔✔Ans: Vitamin B12. A 78-year-old woman presents with fatigue, spoon-shaped nails and the following laboratory results. -Hb=9 g/dL (90 g/L) -Hct=28.1% (0.281 proportion) -RBC=2.4 million/mm3 -MCV=70 fL -MCHC=24.2 g/dL (242 g/L) -RDW=19% (0.19 proportion) A critical causative diagnosis to consider as origin of her anemia is: Gastrointestinal blood loss. Micronutrient malabsorption. Chronic ileitis. Folic acid deficiency. - ✔✔Ans: Gastrointestinal blood loss. Which of the following represents the optimal advice to a patient who is taking oral iron therapy to maximize the medication's effectiveness? Take your medication with an antacid. Take your medication on an empty stomach. Take your medication after the largest meal of the day. Take your medication with a large glass of milk. - ✔✔Ans: Take your medication on an empty stomach. A 68-year-old woman presents with a 6-month history of increasingly severe peripheral numbness and oral irritation. Hemogram results are as follows. -Hb=6.2 g/dL (62 g/L) -Hct=20% (0.2 proportion) -RBC=2.1 million/mm3 -MCV=132 fL -MCHC=32.4 g/dL (324 g/L) -RDW=19% (0.19 proportion) Physical exam reveals pale conjunctiva, a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur over the precordium without radiation, and a smooth, red tongue. In the above-mentioned patient has not been present on previous examination. As a result, you consider that this is likely a _________ murmur and will resolve with anemia treatment. Pathologic Hemic Venous hum - ✔✔Ans: Hemic The most likely cause of this anemia is: Based on the below scenario: A 68-year-old woman presents with a 6-month history of increasingly severe peripheral numbness and oral irritation. Hemogram results are as follows. -Hb=6.2 g/dL (62 g/L) -Hct=20% (0.2 proportion) -RBC=2.1 million/mm3 -MCV=132 fL -MCHC=32.4 g/dL (324 g/L) -RDW=19% (0.19 proportion) Physical exam reveals pale conjunctiva, a grade 2/6 systolic ejection murmur over the precordium without radiation, and a smooth, red tongue. Vitamin B12 deficiency. Iron deficiency. Hemolysis. Chronic disease. - ✔✔Ans: Vitamin B12 deficiency. A 65-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis who is on optimized therapy and continues to have significant symptoms presents with the following hemogram. -Hb=10.1 g/dL (12-14 g/dL) 101 g/L (120-140 g/L) -Hct=32% (36-42%) 0.32 proportion (0.36-0.42 proportion) -RBC=3.2 million/mm3 (4.2-5.4 million/mm3) - MCV=82 fL (80-96 fL) -RDW=12.8% (11-15%) 0.128 proportion (0.11-0.15 proportion) -Reticulocytes=0.7% (1-2%) 0.007 proportion (0.01-0.02 proportion) These findings are most consistent with: Iron deficiency anemia. Folate deficiency anemia. Anemia of chronic disease. Alpha thalassemia minor. - ✔✔Ans: Anemia of chronic disease. You see Maria, a a 32-year-old well woman of Mediterranean ancestry. Hemogram results are as follows: -Hb=10.6 g/dL (12-14 g/dL) 106 g/L (120-140 g/L) -Hct=32% (36-42%) 0.32 proportion (0.36-0.42 proportion) -RBC=5.2 million/mm3 (3.2-4.3 million/mm3) -MCV=71 fL (80-96 fL) -MCHC=25.2 g/dL (31-37 g/dL) 252 g/L [310-370 g/L] -RDW=12% (<15%) 0.12 proportion (<0.15 proportion) These findings are most consistent with: Iron deficiency anemia. Cooley's anemia. Beta thalassemia minor. Acute blood loss. - ✔✔Ans: Beta thalassemia minor. Match the best next test to order in an adult with anemia based on hemogram results. 1. Ferritin __ 2. Vitamin B12 and folate __ 3. Hemoglobin electrophoresis __ MVC ↓ MCHC ↓ RWD ↑ MVC ↓ MCHC ↓ RWD NL MCV ↑ MCHC NL RWD ↑ 1-A 2-B 3-C 1-C 2-B 3-A 1-A 2-C 3-B 1-B 2-A 3-C - ✔✔Ans: 1-A 2-C 3-B The use of all of the following nutritional supplements is potentially associated with increased bleeding risk and should be discontinued at least 7‒10 days prior to elective surgical procedure. (True/False) 1. Ginseng __ 2. Gingko __ 3. Fish oil __ 4. Vitamin D __ 1-True 2-False 3-True 4-True 1-True 2-True 3-True 4-False 1-False 2-False 3-True 4-True 1-False 2-False 3-True 4-False - ✔✔Ans: 1-True 2-True 3-True 4-False Primary care of Sarah, a 27-year-old woman with beta thalassemia minor, should include: Prescribing a low-dose iron supplement to counteract microcytosis. An evaluation of hemoglobin electrophoresis every 5 years. Advising taking a multivitamin with high-dose folate supplementation daily. Offering genetic counseling prior to pregnancy. - ✔✔Ans: Offering genetic counseling prior to pregnancy. A 37-year-old woman with ulcerative colitis with poor symptom control without rectal bleeding presents with the following hemogram: -Hg=9.9 g/dL (12-14 g/dL) (99 g/L [120-140 g/dL]) -MCHC=33 g/dL (31-37 g/dL) (330 g/L [310-370 g/L]) -MCV=86 fL (80-96 fL) -RDW=12% (11%-15%) (0.12 proportion [0.11-0.15 proportion]) These findings are most consistent with: Iron deficiency. Beta thalassemia minor. Anemia of chronic disease. Pernicious anemia. - ✔✔Ans: Anemia of chronic disease. A 67-year-old man taking NSAIDs daily for back pain and reporting fatigue presents with the following hemogram: -Hg=8.4 g/dL (12-14 g/dL) (84 g/L [120-140 g/dL]) [Show More]

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