Leik - FNP review Questions and answers, graded A. latest update.

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Leik - FNP review Questions and answers, graded A. latest update. Labs to order if Digoxin overload suspected - ✔✔electrolytes, creatinine, and serial EKG's First line for atrial fibrillation ... - ✔✔Coumadin. INR of 5 to 8 without bleeding - ✔✔hold for 1 to 2 doses, then recheck every 2 to 3 days until normal. Those taking thiazides may also find relief with - ✔✔osteoporosis. it stimulates formation of osteoclasts. Those taking thiazides can have which adverse effects - ✔✔hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, increased lipids, increased uric acid. Thiazides may worsen what conditions - ✔✔diabetes, gout, HPL, and electrolyte imbalances If a patient is allergic to sulfa what diuretic should they avoid - ✔✔thiazides. instead, use triamterene or amiloride Chlorhtalidone is longer acting and more potent than HCTZ. true or false? - ✔✔true who are loop diuretics prescribed to - ✔✔edema from heart failure, cirrhosis, renal disease, hypertension. black box warning for loop diuretics - ✔✔extreme diuresis Adverse effects of loop diuretics - ✔✔hypovolemia, loss of electrolytes, pancreatitis, jaundice, rash, ototoxicity What are aldosterone antagonists like spironolactone used for? - ✔✔hirsutism, hypertension, severe heart failure Adverse effect of spironolactone - ✔✔galactorrhea and hyperkalemia. black box warning for spironolactone - ✔✔increase of benign and malignant tumors. beta blockers are first line for - ✔✔post-myocardial infarction beta blockers are used for - ✔✔migraine prophylaxis, angina, arrythmias, hyperthyroidism cardioselective beta blockers include - ✔✔atenolol and metropolol beta blockres may cause what complication in diabetics - ✔✔they mask the hypoglycemic response. what are contraindications of beta blockers - ✔✔asthma, copd, bronchitis, emphysema, bradycardia A patient with an ace develops a cough. What should you do? - ✔✔stop and switch to an ARB for same renal protective effects. what to monitor when giving captopril - ✔✔CBC. it may cause neutropenia, leukopenia, and agranulocytosis the prescriber should be careful not to mix the calcium channel blocker verapamil with what antibiotics - ✔✔erythromycin and clarithromycin. Contraindications of giving calcium channel blockers - ✔✔av block, bradycardia, congestive heart failure grapefruit juice when taken with calcium channel blockers can cause toxicity. true or false? - ✔✔true drug interactions with calcium channel blockers - ✔✔intraconazole, macrolides when are alpha blockers given - ✔✔hypertension with co-existing BPH terazosin dosing - ✔✔1 mg PO at bedtime a good alternative for gram positive infections in those who are penicillin allergic is - ✔✔macrolides. Clindamycin is associated with what infection - ✔✔C. diff Initial treatment of COPD - ✔✔antichollinergics. ipratropium bromide what antibiotics are pregnancy category D - ✔✔doxycycline, minocycline, tetracycline tetracyclines will not impact effectiveness of birth control pills. true or false? - ✔✔false 1st line for chlamydial infections and atypical bacteria - ✔✔doxycyline common side effect of minocycline - ✔✔dizziness and vertigo taking expired tetracycline may result in what medical conditions - ✔✔nephropathy and fanconni syndrome Macrolides are generally category - ✔✔B which macrolide are pregnancy category C - ✔✔clarithromycin and telithromycin Those with myasthenia gravis should not take which antibiotic? - ✔✔erythromycin and telithromycin. telithromycin has a black box warning azithromycin may interact with what atrial fibrillation medication? - ✔✔coumadin doxycycline has a common instruction not to take with food . why is this? - ✔✔it binds with iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. The instructions should really say not to take with dairy minocycilne may decrease the efficacy of contraceptives. true or false. - ✔✔true adverse effects of macrolide and tetracyclines include - ✔✔ototoxicity, GI distress, and twisting of points a patient has a history of jaundice. which macrolide antibiotic is contraindicated? - ✔✔telithromycin, or ketek macrolide can cause what cardiac anomaly - ✔✔prolonged QT and twisting of points Which generation cephalosporins have the broadest spectrum - ✔✔3rd generation extended spectrum which generation of cephalosporins have the lowest gram negative coverage - ✔✔3rd generation Cephalosporins appropriate for cellulitis and mastitis include - ✔✔Cephalexin, keflex. Cephalosporins appropriate for sinusitis and otitis media include - ✔✔Cefuroxime, cefprozil, and ceflacor. 2nd generations. ceftin, cefzil, and ceclor Cephalosporins appropriate for gram negative infections like neisseria gonorrhae include - ✔✔ceftriaxone, cefizime, and cefdinir. cephalosporins and penicillins will never kill what bacteria - ✔✔MRSA First line for otitis media - ✔✔amoxicillin first line for sinusitis - ✔✔amox clav first line for syphillis - ✔✔benzathine penicillin first line for gonorrhea - ✔✔cefitriaxone first line for MRSA - ✔✔bactrim or clindamycin for 5 to 10 days never use what antibiotic in mononucleosis - ✔✔amoxicillin dicloxacillin is for penicillinase producing staph skin infections like - ✔✔impetigo and mastitis avoid use of what drugs with the quinolone due to risk of cardiac adverse effects - ✔✔amiodarone, macrolides, TCA's, antipsychotics, or electrolyte imbalances children can have the quinolones. True or false? - ✔✔false, not for those under 18. giving antacids or sucralfate with the quinolones helps to reduce adverse effects. True or false. - ✔✔false, it actually reduces efficacy due to binding those with myasthenia gravis can take quinolone. True or false? - ✔✔false. travelers diarrhea - ✔✔ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID x 3 cutaneous anthrax - ✔✔ciprofloxacin 500 mg BID 7 to 10 days Bioterrorism related inhalation - ✔✔cipro 500 mg BID x 60 days first line for pseudomonas pneumonia - ✔✔ciprofloxacin. per the CDC, stop using cipro to treat what - ✔✔gonorrheal infection sulfonamides are active against - ✔✔gram negative sulfa type drugs include - ✔✔Cox-2, bactrim, furosemide, HCTZ, dapsone, glyburide, glipizide. Those with G6Pd would not take what antibiotic - ✔✔sulfonamides Contraindications for sulfonamides - ✔✔3rd trimester pregnancy, G6PD, sulfa allergy Patients with a UTI on coumadin should not be treated with what antibiotic - ✔✔Bactrim, due to risk of bleeding The typical male presenting with G6PD presents with jaundice and was treated with what - ✔✔a sulfa drug. like Bactrim, a cox 2, HCTZ dextromethorphan is contraindicated within how many days of MAOI - ✔✔14 what is given for PCP in HIV patients - ✔✔Bactrim a topical sulfa drug for burns - ✔✔sulfadiazine first line NSAID for those at high risk for GI bleed - ✔✔Cox 2 [Show More]

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