Materials
For this paper you must have:
• a ruler
• a scientific calculator.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Pencil should only be used for drawing.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this p
...
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• a ruler
• a scientific calculator.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Pencil should only be used for drawing.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.
• In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.
Information
• The maximum mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
• You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation
in your answers.
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number Candidate number
Surname
Forename(s)
Candidate signature
I declare this is my own work.
GCSE
BIOLOGY
Foundation Tier Paper 1F
F
2
*02*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
Answer all questions in the spaces provided. box
0 1 HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a pathogen.
0 1 . 1 How is HIV spread from one person to another person?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Coughing
Sexual intercourse
Touching door handles
Table 1 shows information about new cases of HIV diagnosed in the UK.
Table 1
Year Number of new HIV cases
2010 2642
2014 2767
2018 1530
0 1 . 2 Describe what happened to the number of new cases of HIV from 2010 to 2018.
[2 marks]
3
*03*
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IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 1 . 3 What could cause a decrease in the number of new HIV cases in the future?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
A higher population of people in the UK
A lower number of trained HIV nurses
Better education on how to prevent the spread of HIV
0 1 . 4 Scientists have been working to produce a vaccine for HIV for many years.
How could a vaccine work to prevent a person being infected with HIV?
Write the stages A, B, C, D and E in the correct order.
[3 marks]
The first stage has been completed for you.
A Antibodies attach to the inactive virus.
B Antibodies destroy the inactive virus.
C An inactive form of the virus is injected into the body.
D If the active virus enters the body, antibodies are produced quickly.
E White blood cells produce antibodies to the inactive virus.
Question 1 continues on the next page
4
*04*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 1 . 5 When scientists produce a vaccine for a disease the vaccine is tested on live animals.
What is the next stage in testing the vaccine?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Testing on cells in a laboratory
Testing on healthy volunteers
Testing on the whole human population
0 1 . 6 A vaccine for HIV is important because it is difficult to develop safe drugs to
destroy viruses.
Why is it difficult to develop safe drugs to destroy viruses?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Drugs that destroy viruses also damage body tissues.
There are too many viruses for the drugs to destroy.
Viruses are too big for the drugs to destroy.
5
*05*
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IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 1 . 7 Some drugs originated from plants.
Draw one line from each drug to the plant the drug originated from.
[2 marks]
Drug Plant the drug originated from
Aspirin
Digitalis
Foxglove
Rose
Tobacco
Willow
Turn over for the next question
11
6
*06*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 2 Figure 1 shows animal cells.
Some of the cells are dividing by mitosis for growth and repair.
Figure 1
0 2 . 1 What fraction of the cells in Figure 1 is dividing by mitosis?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
1
8
1
4
1
2
3
4
7
*07*
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IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 2 . 2 The cells which are not dividing in Figure 1 each contain 10 chromosomes.
One of these cells divides by mitosis to produce two new cells.
How many chromosomes will each new cell contain after mitosis?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
5 10 15 20
0 2 . 3 Cells divide in a series of stages called the cell cycle.
Complete the sentences.
Choose answers from the box.
[3 marks]
contracts divides grows
reacts relaxes replicates
Before mitosis occurs, the cell .
The genetic material in the cell doubles when the DNA .
After the chromosomes have been pulled to each end of the cell, the
cytoplasm .
Question 2 continues on the next page
8
*08*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box Figure 2 shows the time taken to complete different stages of the cell cycle.
Figure 2
0 2 . 4 Which stage of the cell cycle takes the most time?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
A B C
0 2 . 5 What percentage of time in the cell cycle is stage A?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
5% 10% 15% 25%
9
*09*
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IB/M/Jun22/8461/1F
Do not write
outside the
box Stem cells divide by mitosis.
Scientists can use stem cells from an embryo to create heart cells in a laboratory.
0 2 . 6 Which organ system contains heart cells?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Respiratory system
0 2 . 7 Name one medical condition that could be treated using heart cells created from
an embryo.
[1 mark]
0 2 . 8 Give one reason why a patient may not
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