Materials
For this paper you must have:
• a ruler
• a scientific calculator.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Pencil should only be used for drawing.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this p
...
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• a ruler
• a scientific calculator.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Pencil should only be used for drawing.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page.
• Answer all questions in the spaces provided.
• If you need extra space for your answer(s), use the lined pages at the end of
this book. Write the question number against your answer(s).
• Do all rough work in this book. Cross through any work you do not want
to be marked.
• In all calculations, show clearly how you work out your answer.
Information
• The maximum mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• You are expected to use a calculator where appropriate.
• You are reminded of the need for good English and clear presentation
in your answers.
Please write clearly in block capitals.
Centre number Candidate number
Surname
Forename(s)
Candidate signature
I declare this is my own work.
GCSE
BIOLOGY
Foundation Tier Paper 2F
F
2
*02*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/2F
Do not write
outside the Answer all questions in the spaces provided. box
0 1 Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare inherited human condition.
The allele for MSUD is recessive.
0 1 . 1 What is a recessive allele?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
An allele expressed only if a person has two copies of the allele
An allele expressed only if it is inherited from the male parent
An allele expressed when it is found on only one of the chromosomes
Figure 1 shows the inheritance of MSUD in one family.
Figure 1
0 1 . 2 The symbol is not in the key for Figure 1.
What would this symbol represent?
[1 mark]
3
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outside the
Persons 1 and 2 in Figure 1 have a child with MSUD and some children box
without MSUD.
0 1 . 3 Complete Figure 2 to show the possible genotypes of the children.
Use the following symbols:
N = allele for not having MSUD
n = allele for MSUD
[2 marks]
Figure 2
N n
N Nn
n
0 1 . 4 What is the phenotype of a person with the genotype Nn?
[1 mark]
0 1 . 5 What percentage of the offspring in Figure 2 will have MSUD?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
25% 50% 75% 100%
Question 1 continues on the next page
Person 1
Person 2
4
*04*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/2F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 1 . 6 Which scientific term describes the allele N?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Dominant
Genetic
Heterozygous
0 1 . 7 Alleles are found in the nucleus of a cell.
What chemical substance are alleles made from?
[1 mark]
0 1 . 8 People with MSUD must eat a special diet to reduce their intake of some types of
amino acid.
Which component of the diet is made of amino acids?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Carbohydrates
Minerals
Proteins 9
5
*05*
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outside the
Turn over for the next question box
DO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE
ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED
6
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Do not write
outside the
box 0 2 Many human actions are reflexes.
0 2 . 1 Which statement describes a reflex action?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
A reflex action does not need a sense organ.
A reflex action is a slow action.
A reflex action is automatic.
Figure 3 shows the nerve pathway for a reflex action.
The arrows show the direction of the nerve impulse.
Figure 3
7
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0 2 box . 2 Draw one line from each part of the nerve pathway to the name of that part.
Use Figure 3.
[3 marks]
Part of nerve pathway Name of part
A
B
C
Motor neurone
Receptor
Relay neurone
Spinal cord
0 2 . 3 Which two human actions are reflexes?
[2 marks]
Tick () two boxes.
Blinking when an insect flies into the eye
Catching a ball in a playground game
Playing a musical instrument
Removing the hand from a hot object
Writing a message to a friend
Question 2 continues on the next page
8
*08*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/2F
Do not write
outside the
Students investigated their reaction times using a computer program. box
Figure 4 shows a sequence of two screens in the computer program.
Figure 4
This is the method used.
1. Open the reaction time program.
2. When the screen turns from red to green, touch the screen as quickly as possible.
3. Record the reaction time shown on the screen.
4. Re-set to the red screen.
5. Repeat steps 2 to 4 four more times.
6. Repeat steps 1 to 5 for each student.
Table 1 shows the results.
Table 1
Test Reaction time in milliseconds
Student P Student Q Student R Student S
1 317 310 367 320
2 309 293 352 304
3 290 312 350 315
4 333 307 359 308
5 328 312 635 313
Mean 315 307 357 X
9
*09*
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0 2 box . 4 Calculate mean value X in Table 1.
[2 marks]
X = milliseconds
0 2 . 5 There is an anomalous result for student R.
Draw a ring around the anomalous result in Table 1.
[1 mark]
0 2 . 6 Give two factors that might affect a person’s reaction time.
[2 marks]
1
2
Turn over for the next question
11
10
*10*
IB/M/Jun22/8461/2F
Do not write
outside the
box 0 3 A plant shoot responds to the stimulus of light shining on it from one side.
0 3 . 1 What name is given to the type of response shown by the plant shoot?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Adaptation
Homeostasis
Tropism
A student investigated the effect of one-sided light on the growth of plant seedlings.
Figure 5 shows how the student set up the investigation.
Figure 5
11
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0 3 . 2 Draw one line from each experiment to what the seedling would look like
after 12 hours.
[2 marks]
0 3 . 3 Why did the student set up experiment 2 in this investigation?
[1 mark]
12
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Do not write
outside the
box 0 3 . 4 The student wanted to make the investigation of the effect of one-sided light
more valid.
The student decided to set up a third experiment.
How should the student set up the third experiment?
[1 mark]
Tick () one box.
Give no water to the third seedlin
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