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research methods exam questions, answers & marks questions and answers 2023
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What is an experiment? - -An experiment is a research technique in which an IV is manipulated / and the effects of this on a DV are observed and measured. / Other (extraneous) variables are held const... ant. / A true experiment is one in which the IV is directly under the experimenter's control (as in laboratory or field experiments). / In natural and quasi-experiments the IV varies on its own and some would argue that, because of this, they are not really experiments. (5 marks) -Identify one difference between an experiment and a correlation - -The main difference between an experiment and a correlation is that experiments enable us to talk about 'cause and effect' / whereas correlations simply describe patterns of linear relationship between pairs of data / and do not allow us to make cause and effect statements. / In addition, an experiment is a research method / but correlation is a technique of data analysis applied to data gathered by some other means. (5 marks) -What is an independent variable (IV)? - -An IV is the influencing factor / which a researcher manipulates in an experiment / in order to observe its effect on a DV / for example, in a study of the effect of alcohol on driving ability, the IV would be the amount of alcohol given to the drivers. (4 marks) -What is a dependent variable (DV [Show More]
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