HMGT 331 - Exam 1 - Lisa Bowles 2023

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-The business of hospitality and travel. -Multi-faceted industry composed of many and varied components. -Worldwide activity. -An important part of the economic fabric of many communities, regions,... and countries. - Tourism -The *temporary* movement of people to destinations outside their normal places of work and residence. -The activities undertaken during their stay in those destinations. -The facilities created to cater to their needs. - Tourism What is another term for "tourism?" - Visitor-Service Industry ______ and ______ go hand-in-hand. - Services and tourism **What are the 4 groups/things that make up the Tourism Model? - 1. Travelers 2. Tourism Promoters 3. Tourism Service Suppliers 4. External Environment Serve as the focal point for all tourism activities and form the center of the Tourism Model. - Tourists (the traveling public) -Links the traveling public with the suppliers of service. -Individual tourists rely on them to provide their professional services. - Tourism Promoters What 5 things make up Tourism Promoters in the Tourism Model? - 1. Travel agents 2. Tourist boards 3. Tour operators 4. Incentive and meeting planners 5. Direct marketing -Provides the services that tourists need when they travel (transportation, accommodations, etc.). -May work independently, compete with each other, or work together. -Constantly respond to a variety of social/cultural, political, environmental, economic, and technological forces. - Tourism Service Suppliers What ultimately influences how closely Tourism Service Suppliers work together? - The forces shaping the face of tourism activities (social/cultural, political, environmental, economic, and technological forces) What 5 things make up Tourism Service Suppliers in the Tourism Model? - 1. Accommodations 2. Destinations 3. Transportation 4. Food and beverages 5. Attractions and entertainment What affects all participants (tourists, promoters, and suppliers) in tourism? - External forces What 5 things make up the External Environment in the Tourism Model that Tourism Service Suppliers constantly have to respond to? - 1. Society/Culture 2. Politics 3. Environment 4. Economy 5. Technology **In what year did Thomas Cook organize the first group tour in England? - 1841 In what year did the Wright Brothers usher in era of flight with the first successful aircraft flight? - 1903 In what year did Westinghouse Corporation institute paid vacations for its workers? - 1913 **In what year did Henry Ford begin mass production of the Model T? - 1914 In what year did the first scheduled airline passenger flight debut between London and Paris? - 1919 In what year did World War II end, ushering in new era of prosperity, giving rise to millions of people with the time, money, and interest to travel for pleasure and business? - 1945 The aspects of a destination that make the destination viable: -Roads -Bridges -Airports -Utility systems -Water systems -Sewage systems - Infrastructure In what year did Diners Club introduce the first credit card? - 1950 **In what year was jet passenger service inaugurated between London and Johannesburg, South Africa? - 1952 In what year did hotel and motel chains in the United States begin to rapidly expand via franchise agreements? - 1950s **What was the first brand to franchise out? - Holiday Inn In what year did competition on routes and fares begin with signing of the Airline Deregulation Act? - 1978 In what year did American Airlines expand access to the electronic reservation system, SABRE, to travel agencies? - 1978 In what year did the State Council of China approve the organization of tours to Hong Kong and Macao for mainland residents visiting relatives? - 1984 **The State Council of China's approval of the organization of tours to Hong Kong and Macao for mainland residents visiting relatives preluded what? - Outbound tourism of Chinese citizens **In what year was Expedia founded as a division of Microsoft? - 1996 In what year was TripAdvisor founded? - 2000 In what year did Dennis Tito launch the advent of space tourism as he paid $20 million for an eight-day vacation aboard the International Space Station? - 2001 **In what year was the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) created to ensure airline passenger safety in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C.? - 2001 In what year was the euro currency introduced? - 2002 What signaled the liberalization of travel among member nations of the European Union? - The introduction of the euro currency in 2002 **In what year did Mark Zuckerberg, a Harvard student, launch a social networking service, Facebook.com? - 2004 In what year did Air Bed and Breakfast (AirBnB) launch? - 2007 What signaled a wave of new services, such as Uber, and an expanding sharing economy in tourism services? - The launch of AirBnB in 2007 [Show More]

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