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NCC EFM Exam Breakdown & Study Guide (2022/2023) 100% Pass

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NCC EFM Exam Breakdown & Study Guide (2022/2023) 100% Pass Content on exam ✔✔-Pattern recognition & intervention: 70% -Physiology: 11% -Fetal assessment methods: 9% -EFM equipment: 5% -Profe... ssional issues: 5% Pattern recognition & intervention ✔✔-FHR baseline ✓ -FHR variability ✓ -FHR accelerations ✓ -FHR decelerations ✓ -Normal uterine activity ✓ -Abnormal uterine activity ✓ -Fetal dysrhythmias ✓ -Maternal complications ✓ -Uteroplacental complications ✓ -Fetal complications ✓ FHR Descriptors ✔✔1) Baseline 2) Variability 3) Presence of accels 4) Presence of decels 5) Changes in trends overtime FHR Baseline ✔✔Average FHR rounded to nearest 5 during a 10 min window -110 to 160 -excludes accels, decels, & marked variability -must have 2 mins to identify as a baseline (doesn't need to be continuous) Fetal Bradycardia ✔✔<110 for ≥10 min -Causes: hypotension (ex: after epi), cord prolapse, head compression, congenital defect, rapid descent, abruption or rupture, tachysystole, post dates, hypoglycemia, lupus (heart block) -With ↓ O2, blood will be shunted to brain, heart, & adrenals, eventually ↓ FHR to ↓ O2 demands of heart muscle -Verify not mom's HR, vaginal exam (r/o prolapse), resuscitate, evaluate arrhythmia, expedite delivery Fetal Tachycardia ✔✔>160 for ≥10 min -Causes: fetal anemia, maternal fever or infection, fetal immaturity (preterm), SVT, maternal anxiety (catecholamines), dehydration, hyperthyroid, hypoxia -Med causes: terbutaline, catecholamines (epinephrine, norepi) -Assess mom's temp & infection risk (GBS, PROM) FHR Variability ✔✔Irregular in amplitude & frequency, quantified by peak to trough -Caused by sympathetic vs parasympathetic, r/t neuro maturity -Less in preterm due to undeveloped CNS -Absent: undetectable, flat -Minimal: ≤5 bpm but detectable -Moderate: 6-25 bpm -Marked: >25 bpm (indeterminate baseline), significance unknown Minimal variability ✔✔≤5 bpm but detectable Sleep, sedated, or sick -Sleep cycle: 20-60 mins -Sedated: CNS depressant (ex: mag), 1-2 hrs [Show More]

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