Sociology Chapter 6 - Questions and Answers

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Sociology Chapter 6 - Questions and Answers The term used to describe modes of action that do not conform to the norms or values most members of a group or society hold is a. anomie. b. conformity. c. alienation. d. deviance. Which statement concerning deviance is most accurate? a. All lawbreakers are deviants. b. Everyone participates to some degree in the creation of rules. c. All deviant behaviors are illegal. d. Everyone commits deviant crimes sometimes. A subculture whose members hold values that differ substantially from those of the majority is called a. a social control group. b. an anomic subculture. c. a deviant subculture. d. a normative subculture. What do the Heaven's Gate cult and the computer hacker community have in common? a. Both are religious groups. b. Both groups are considered deviant subcultures. c. Both groups struggled financially. d. Both groups restricted their membership to men. The term that describes a rule or expectation for behavior is a a. value. b. sanction. c. ritual. d. norm. Which of the following statements most accurately compares a crime to a deviant act? a. A crime breaks a law and a deviant act does not. b. Deviant acts are more serious than crimes. c. A crime is a particular type of deviant act that breaks the law. d. Deviant acts involve social situations and crimes do not. A reward or punishment that reinforces socially expected behavior is called a a. folkway. b. sanction. c. more. d. norm. A veteran police officer's criticism of a rookie police officer for not acting aggressively enough during an altercation with a suspect is an example of a a. positive formal sanction. b. positive informal sanction. c. negative formal sanction. d. negative informal sanction. _______ are norms governments define as principles that their citizens must follow; _______ are any type of behavior that violates these norms. a. Laws; crimes b. Primary deviations; secondary deviations c. Mores; folkways d. Ectomorphs; mesomorphs What is the goal of a sanction? a. to punish noncomformists b. to demonstrate appropriate behavior c. to promote conformity to social norms and protect against nonconformity d. to prevent and punish illegal behavior Which of the following statements related to the biological view of deviance is true? a. Some of the first attempts to explain crime emphasized biological factors. b. Cesare Lombroso's claims have been supported by a large body of subsequent research. c. Nearly all studies claiming a relationship between body type and delinquency have used samples that are representative of the general population. d. A correlation between body type and delinquency shows that one's body type causes criminal behavior. Based on the recent New Zealand study that investigated whether a child's propensity for aggression was linked to biological factors present at birth, with which statement would researchers most likely agree?

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