Evolve: Urinary/Reproductive System Exam - Questions, Answers and Rationales A client who is suspected of having Cushing syndrome is admitted to the hospital. The nurse plans to monitor this client for: 1 Hypokalemia 2
...
Evolve: Urinary/Reproductive System Exam - Questions, Answers and Rationales A client who is suspected of having Cushing syndrome is admitted to the hospital. The nurse plans to monitor this client for: 1 Hypokalemia 2 Hypovolemia 3 Hypocalcemia 4 Hyponatremia With glucocorticoid excess, aldosterone hypersecretion occurs and sodium is retained; therefore, potassium is excreted, leading to hypokalemia A client is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram (IVP). The nurse explains that on the day before the IVP the client must: 1 Avoid fats and proteins 2 Drink a large amount of fluids 3 Omit dinner and limit beverages 4 Take a laxative before going to bed Laxatives remove feces and flatus, providing better visualization. A client has surgery to repair a bladder laceration. The nursing intervention that takes priority in the postoperative care of this client is: 1 Repositioning frequently 2 Giving lower back care 3 Implementing range-of-motion (ROM) exercises 4 Providing teaching related to incision care A nurse is caring for a client with end-stage renal disease. Which clinical indicators of end-stage renal disease should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) 1 Polyuria 2 Jaundice 3 Azotemia 4 Hypertension 5 Polycythemia Azotemia is an increase in nitrogenous waste, particularly urea, in the blood; this is common in end-stage renal disease. Hypertension occurs as a result of fluid and sodium overload and dysfunction of the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Excessive nephron damage in end-stage renal disease causes oliguria, not polyuria; excessive urination is common in early kidney insufficiency from an inability to concentrate urine. Jaundice is common with biliary obstruction, not end-stage renal disease. Anemia, not polycythemia, occurs because of decreased erythropoietin, decreased red blood cell (RBC) production, and decreased RBC survival time. A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Which responses should the nurse expect the client to exhibit? (Select all that apply.) 1 Polyuria 2 Paresthesias 3 Hypertension 4 Metabolic alkalosis 5 Widening pulse pressure Paresthesias occur as a result of excess nitrogenous wastes, altered fluid and electrolyte balance, and altered regulatory functions. Nonfunctioning kidneys cause fluid retention that may result in hypervolemia and hypertension. Before a client with syphilis can be treated, what should be determined? 1 Portal of entry 2 Size of chancre 3 Existence of allergies 4 Names of sexual contacts Although the treatment of choice is penicillin, clients who are allergic must be given other antimicrobial agents to avoid an anaphylactic reaction A client with an ileal conduit is being prepared for discharge. As part of the discharge teaching, the nurse instructs the client to: 1 Abstain from beer and alcohol consumption 2 Maintain fluid intake of at least 2 L daily 3 Notify the health care provider if the stoma size decreases 4 Avoid getting soap and water on the peristomal skin High-fluid intake flushes the ileal conduit and prevents infection and obstruction caused by mucus or uric acid crystals A nurse is caring for a client who is being treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for chronic glomerulonephritis. What dietary need should the nurse discuss with the client? 1 Low-calorie foods 2 High-quality protein 3 Increased fluid intake 4 Foods rich in potassium Although proteins may be restricted, those eaten should be high-quality proteins that are used to replace proteins lost during dialysis. A high-caloric intake should be encouraged. Increased fluid intake is inappropriate; fluids usually are restricted moderately because of impaired renal function. Foods rich in potassium are inappropriate; high-potassium foods are restricted because of impaired renal function. A nurse is caring for a client with a ureteral calculus. Which are the most important nursing actions? (Select all that apply.) 1 Limiting fluid intake at night 2 Monitoring intake and output 3 Straining the urine at each voiding 4 Recording the client's blood pressure
[Show More]
