NURS-6501C-2-Advanced Pathophysiology | Graded A | Walden University

A nurse is reviewing urinalysis results and notices glucose is present in the urine. A nurse realizes glucose will be excreted in the urine when: 2. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms ...

A nurse is reviewing urinalysis results and notices glucose is present in the urine. A nurse realizes glucose will be excreted in the urine when: 2. A nurse observes on the chart that a patient is admitted with Wilms tumors. A nurse knows the tumors are found in the: 3. A 42-year-old female is diagnosed with chronic renal failure, and the nurse is discussing dietary treatment. Which information indicates the nurse understands dietary regimen? Treatment includes restricting: 4. While planning care for a patient with renal calculi, the nurse remembers the most important factor in renal calculus formation is: 5. When a newborn is admitted with urinary tract infections (UTIs), which type of infection will the nurse look for in the newborn? 6. When the nurse is discussing the sodium-sensing cells of the glomerulus, what term should the nurse use? 8. A 24-year-old female is diagnosed with renal calculus that is causing obstruction. Which of the following symptoms would she most likely experience? 9. A 29-year-old female presents with cloudy urine, flank pain, hematuria, and fever. Which of the following does the nurse suspect the patient is most likely experiencing? 10. A 56-year-old male presents with flank pain and polyuria. Tests reveal that he has an enlarged prostate. Which of the following types of renal failure should the nurse monitor for as it is the most likely to occur? 11. A nurse is describing the trigone. Which information should be included? The trigone is defined as: 12. A 30-year-old male is demonstrating hematuria with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding 3 to 5 g/day, with albumin being the major protein. The most probable diagnosis the nurse will see documented on the chart is: 13. A 55-year-old male presents reporting urinary retention. Tests reveal that he has a lower urinary tract obstruction. Which of the following is of most concern to the nurse? 14. A 45-year-old female presents with hypertension, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and anemia. She is diagnosed with chronic renal failure. When the patient asks what caused this anemia, how should the nurse respond? Your anemia is caused by: 15. A nurse is preparing to teach about the loop of Henle. Which information should be included? The descending segment of the loop of Henle primarily allows for: 16. A 6-year-old male is experiencing urine reflux from the urinary bladder into a grossly dilated ureter and calyces. He was diagnosed with vesicoureteral reflux. This condition would be graded: 17. A 15-year-old female presents with flank pain, irritability, malaise, and fever. Tests reveal glomerulonephritis. When the parents ask what could have caused this, how should the nurse respond? 18. A 5-year-old male was diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. History reveals that he had an infection 3 weeks before the onset of this condition. The infection was most likely located in the: 19. Which of the following clusters of symptoms would make a clinician suspect a child has developed glomerulonephritis? 20. A 7-year-old male presents to his primary care provider for incontinence. His mother indicates that he has never been continent. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart? 21. While turning a patient with chronic renal failure, which principle should the nurse recall? Bone fractures are a risk factor in chronic renal failure because: 22. A 2-year-old male is diagnosed with Wilms tumor. Which of the following clinical conditions is often associated with this disease? 23. A 25-year-old female presents with burning urination. She was diagnosed with a urinary tract infection. When the nurse checks the culture results, which of the following organisms is most likely infecting her urinary tract? 24. A 30-year-old male is demonstrating hematuria with red blood cell casts and proteinuria exceeding 3 to 5 g/day, with albumin being the major protein. The most probable diagnosis the nurse will see documented on the chart is: 25. A 4-year-old male is diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following assessment findings accompanies this condition? 26. A 75-year-old male reports to his primary care provider loss of urine with cough, sneezing, or laughing. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart? 27. When a nurse is preparing to teach about urine, which information should the nurse include? Just before entering the ureter, urine passes through the: 28. A 60-year-old male is diagnosed with renal failure. While the nurse is reviewing lab results, which of the following lab values would be most consistent with this diagnosis? 29. A 35-year-old female was severely burned and is hospitalized. She is now suffering from acute tubular necrosis (ATN). Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis the nurse will observe on the chart? 30. When a nurse is checking the urinalysis, plasma proteins should be absent from the urine because: 31. A 3-year-old female presents with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), fever, poor growth and development, and feeding problems. Tests reveal a retrograde flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters. When giving report to the oncoming shift, the nurse will call this condition: 32. When describing the male urinary anatomy, which information should the nurse include? The portion of the male urethra that is closest to the bladder is the _____ portion. 33. A 15-year-old male was diagnosed with pharyngitis. Eight days later he developed acute glomerulonephritis. While reviewing the culture results, which of the following is the most likely cause of this disease? 34. A 25-year-old female is diagnosed with urinary tract obstruction. While planning care, the nurse realizes that the patient is expected to have hydronephrosis and a decreased glomerular filtration rate caused by: 35. When a patient’s renal system secretes rennin, what effect will that cause in the body? It causes the direct activation of: 36. When a child is admitted with acute renal failure, a clinician realizes the most common cause of acute renal failure is: 37. If a nurse wants to obtain the best estimate of renal function, which test should the nurse monitor? 38. A urologist is discussing the phagocytic cells that lie between the layers of the renal corpuscle. What is the urologist describing? 39. A 19-year-old female was involved in a motor vehicle accident during which she sustained a closed head injury. She is now experiencing detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. Which of the following is the most beneficial medication treatment? 40. When the nurse discusses the glomerulus and Bowman capsule together, it is referred to as the renal: 41. Anemia accompanies chronic renal failure because of: