HPER 435 Exam 3 - Questions with Verified Answers

HPER 435 Exam 3 - Questions with Verified Answers Which of the following is not a sound dietary strategy to help reduce serum cholesterol levels? Consume more trans fats, which help increase HDL cholesterol Plant foods ...

HPER 435 Exam 3 - Questions with Verified Answers Which of the following is not a sound dietary strategy to help reduce serum cholesterol levels? Consume more trans fats, which help increase HDL cholesterol Plant foods contain small amounts of cholesterol. False How many Calories does one gram of fat yield? 9 The fat in most plant foods is mostly unsaturated. True Which lipid dietary component appears to be most likely to cause an increase in serum cholesterol and the development of atherosclerosis? Saturated and trans fats Which of the following statements relative to fats is FALSE? saturated fats appear to help lower blood cholesterol levels Which of the following statements involving the interaction of protein and exercise training is false? research has shown conclusively that amino acid supplements and other protein supplements will enhance performance in sports Which is most likely to be a complete, high-quality protein food? cheddar cheese Which of the following statements concerning carnitine is NOT supported by current research? Most reviewers believe chronic supplementation will enhance prolonged aerobic endurance performance The level of serum triglyceride that is considered desirable is ______ milligrams per deciliter of blood. less than 150 If a diet does not provide adequate carbohydrate to meet immediate energy needs, the body compensates by altering its metabolism of other nutrients. Insufficient dietary carbohydrate can lead to elevated levels of ketone bodies. Ketone bodies are the byproducts of partial breakdown of: Fat Which of the following does not contain cholesterol? Beans What percent of calories comes from fat in this chicken pot pie? 58% calories from fat For adults, how many essential amino acids are there? 9 There are thirteen amino acids that cannot be manufactured in the body. False The total percentage of deaths due to coronary heart disease has been declining in recent years and thus is no longer the number one cause of death among Americans. False One of Lisa's college classmates is an aspiring body builder with questionable nutrition knowledge. He eats more than the recommended amount of dietary protein but tells Lisa he heard at the gym that this is actually helpful to the body. All of the following are accurate descriptions of what excess dietary protein does EXCEPT: Excess dietary protein is stored as muscle mass. In which of the following athletic events would fat assume a more important role as an energy source for the muscles? 10 mile swim (4.5 hours) The protein-sparing effect spares the utilization of protein as an energy source and allows it to be used for more important metabolic functions. True If Tomas is a healthy 24-year-old male who weighs 166 pounds, how many grams of protein per day should he have to promote protein equilibrium? (One kilogram = 2.2 pounds.) 60 grams of protein per day Which of the following is most conducive to the development of atherosclerosis? a low density lipoprotein cholesterol of 170 milligrams Due to potential health hazards, dietary fat holds no real value in human nutrition. False Creatine supplementation increases the risk for muscle cramps. False Regina's soccer coach takes the team out for a celebratory meal following a victory. A teammate orders French fries, noting that they must be healthy because the restaurant menu says the fries are fried in "cholesterol-free" vegetable oil. Which statement about "cholesterol-free" vegetable oil is correct? All vegetable oil is cholesterol-free because cholesterol is only found in animal foods. Which lipoprotein is theorized to transport cholesterol from the periphery to the liver for excretion (reverse cholesterol transport)? HDL There appears to be a performance benefit associated with the consumption of a high-fat meal several hours prior to performance. False During exercise, the intake of which of the following nutrients will provide the most significant protein sparing effect, i. e., decrease the use of protein as an energy source? Carbohydrate Which of the following has the least amount of dietary protein? one orange A sufficient amount of carbohydrate Calories must be present to provide a protein-sparing effect. True An increase in which lipoprotein is theorized to be a major contributing factor to the development of atherosclerosis? LDL Coronary heart disease should not be confused with coronary artery disease because the first is primarily genetic, while the latter tends to be initiated by poor dietary choices. False The recommended protein intake for an individual trying to gain muscle mass through strength training is ________ grams of protein per kilogram body weight. 1.6-1.7 The level of total cholesterol that represents the borderline/high risk category is _________ milligrams per deciliter of blood. 200-239 Nitrate may be found in: leafy greens A review of research supports that there may be an ergogenic effect associated with the use of ____________ supplementation. creatine If one serving of the packaged frozen dinner shown below contains 1.5 grams of saturated fat and the maximum recommended daily intake of saturated fat is 20 grams, what percent daily value (%DV) for saturated fat does one package of this food provide? 7.5% Daily Value for saturated fat Plants provide good sources of protein and may supply all the essential amino acids necessary for human nutrition when certain foods, such as grains and legumes, are eaten together. True A HIGH QUALITY protein is best described as one that: contains all of the essential amino acids in the proper amounts and ratio Regina is trying to cut back on her fat intake to help reduce total calorie intake and promote gradual weight loss. If she follows an 1,800-calorie meal plan and wants to achieve the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range recommendation of total fat being between 20-35% of calories, how many grams of fat per day should she be eating? 40-70 grams of fat per day Which of the following statements regarding fat loading strategies is FALSE? Carnitine supplementation has been shown to be a very effective dietary strategy to enhance endurance performance, particularly in events such as marathon running HMB supplementation appears to offer the greatest benefit to: resistance trained individuals Dietary protein can be either of a high-quality (complete) or lower-quality (incomplete) nature. Drag the food to its appropriate protein quality classification. High quality: Chicken breast, eggs, whey Lower quality: gelatin, garbanzo beans, rice Some people mistakenly believe that eating more protein increases muscle mass. While protein as a component of a recovery snack can help rebuild muscle, it is only repetitive stress on the muscles through exercise that increases muscle mass. Excessive protein intake can actually be harmful. Check all of the following that are possible consequences of excessive protein intake: All -Excessive protein can increase urine production and dehydrate the body. -Excessive protein can lead to kidney stones in people with a history of this or other kidney problems. -Excessive protein can displace carbohydrate intake, leading to insufficient carbohydrate, which can increase fatigue. -Excessive protein intake can increase calcium loss somewhat in the urine. Regina is a 22-year-old college student who plays on the soccer team. Her coach brought in a registered dietitian to talk about sports nutrition. The RD recommended minimizing trans fatty acids from processed and packaged foods, but she explained that some trans fats do occur naturally. What foods have naturally-occurring trans fatty acids? Beef, milk, and butter Which food is highest in both carbohydrate and protein? baked beans When considering the functions of protein in human nutrition, which of the following is true? The branched-chain amino acids constitute a significant amount of muscle tissue Which of the following is NOT good advice in attempts to reduce SERUM cholesterol? use butter instead of soft tub, non-trans fatty acid margarine Some plant foods, such as nuts, seeds, and avocados are very high in fat content. True All of the following statements about the role of protein in the body are correct EXCEPT: Protein is the only macronutrient that is not energy yielding. The form by which cholesterol is transported in your blood may be related to the development of atherosclerosis. In general, high levels of high-density lipoproteins, which act in a process known as reverse cholesterol transport, appear to lower the chances of developing atherosclerosis. Since beginning college, Lisa has put on about thirteen pounds. She is learning in her health science class that excess calories contribute to weight gain. One recommendation her instructor made for weight loss is to choose foods that have a low percentage of total calories coming from fat. If a one-half cup serving of her favorite ice cream has 310 calories and 20 grams of fat, what percentage of total calories in the ice cream come from fat? 58% of calories in this food are from fat. Which of the following is true for exercise when fat is the energy source? All answers Correct -During rest, most of the energy needs of the body are met by the supply of plasma FFA to the cells.