NURSING > EXAM > NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers (All)

NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers

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NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers-"Dependent" edema is dependent on what? - the position of the body A primary disorder of phagocytosis leads to what? - Increased chronic and acute infections Adhesions are due to what? - inflamed membranes An activated kinin system leads to what? - Bradykinin Arachidonic and metabolites act through various pathways to stimulate what? - vasoconstriction, vasodilation, platelet function, increased capillary permeability Are cells able to change size or form but still function normally? - Yes Chronic inflammation is characterized by what? - The infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes Clotting contributes to what phase of inflammation? - Vascular phase Cold injuries has what kind of effect on blood? - increased blood viscosity, vasoconstriction, which leads to reduced blood flow Complete restoration of normal tissue is the goal for what? - Acute inflammation Complication definition: - results of a disease that are not expected and can be prevented Decreased cardiac output and blood pressure is an effect of what? - ECF volume deficit Disruption of communication between humoral and cell-mediated responses lead to what? - The failure of adaptive immune response Does the sodium / potassium pump start or stop when there is a hypoxic injury? - Stops (will accumulate water) ECF contains what three other components? - Interstitial fluid (tissue fluid), Intravascular fluid (fluid within the vessels), and transcellular fluid (around joints) Edema is due to a disturbance in what? - Hydrostatic or osmotic pressure High plasma osmolarity with hypernatremia causes what? - Water movement from the ICF to the ECF (from inside the cell to outside) How can ischemia be reversed? - If blood flow is restored How does calcium help the body? - Helps nerve function, stabilize neuro-muscular response, and helps muscles contract How does fibrous tissue repair occur? - By replacement of connective tissue How does gangrene develop? - Saprophytic bacteria grows over dead tissue How does potassium help the body? - Helps muscles contract, supports normal blood pressure, and maintains normal fluid levels How long does the acute inflammatory process last? - a few minutes to several days. The immune system cells move into the extravascular tissues, which is dominated by neutrophils How long does the chronic inflammatory process last? - days to years, is the proliferation of blood vessels, fibrosis, and necrosis, which is dominated by macrophages and lymphocytes How should you treat hyponatremia? - restrict fluid and stop medication Hydrostatic pressure means: - fluid is being pushed out Hypoxic cellular injury is caused by what? - Disorders of oxygenation (oxygen) or perfusion (blood) If pH is high and HCO3- is high, the patient has - metabolic alkalosis

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