History 1301 Final McGregor (NTCC) Questions and Answers Rated A

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What was taxed under the Townshend duties in 1767? ✔✔Lead, paint, paper, glass, tea Why did many colonists remain loyal to Great Britain during the Revolutionary War? ✔✔victims of earlier co... lonial upheaval with past alliances to the British, government officials and merchants whose success was closely tied to the British empire, recent immigrants who tended to side with the British. How did early republicans deal with the issue of slavery during the years following the Revolution? ✔✔Ignored it to keep the peace and dealt with it later. Who was given the responsibility of mapping and exploring the newly acquired Louisiana Territory in 1803? ✔✔Lewis & Clark What limitations were faced by Pre-Columbian Native American cultures? ✔✔Communication, ethnic backgrounds, geography, immunity to animal born diseases What was the primary motivation behind European exploration? ✔✔Wealth in Asian spice tradeWhy did England break with the Catholic Church? ✔✔Henry VIII wanted to divorce one of his wives because she had given him a daughter instead of a son. The church refused his request, so Henry decided to split from the Catholic Church and make himself the head of the Church of England. How did the concept of Mercantilism affect English colonization in North America? ✔✔The idea of mercantilism promised to enrich the nation by fostering a favorable balance of trade. Thriving trade meant more money for the royal, so King James I approved a private venture to colonize the Chesapeake Bay. Why did the New England Colonies prosper earlier than the Chesapeake settlements? ✔✔Lack of mosquito born diseases, higher life expectancy, friendly with the Indians, higher birthrate What were the reasons for the continued existence of slavery in the South? ✔✔Growth in cotton, agriculture industry What does the popular slogan "54-40 or fight" used during the Presidential campaign of 1844 refer to? ✔✔- James K. Polk attempting to annex the Republic of Texas- the annexation of Texas and OregonList the new patterns that emerged in the 1850s that weakened the traditional ties between North and South? ✔✔- Railroads replaced cotton production as the most dynamic force in the American Economy and shifted the direction of away from the South-Trade ties between the Northwest and the Southwest became less important as the railroad replaced river transport as the dominant form of transportation - Rising industrialization in the North created a much different economy than that of the agricultural south - Immigration to the North changed the population mix while the Southern population remained largely the same. - Southern complaints about unfair banking practices in the North and the South's adherence to State's Rights caused Southerners to often refuse Federal aid (building railroads, canals, ect.) allowing the North to surpass the static south in infrastructure. What was the significance of Sherman's capture of Atlanta in 1864? ✔✔- Presidential election of 1864 insured a Lincoln victory What was the greatest threat to soldiers during the Civil War? ✔✔Diseases, Medical care, not much foodWhat finally ended Reconstruction in the South? ✔✔- The official end of Reconstruction came with the Compromise of 1877-in exchange for not protesting the election of Rutherford B. Hayes to the Presidency, Republicans agreed to withdraw the remaining military enforcement of reconstruction What did Enlightenment philosophers believe could be used to understand the world around them? ✔✔Enlightenment philosophers promoted reason and science over superstition and religion. How did the factory system encourage industrial growth? ✔✔availability of capital, water power, transportation, labor Which Native American groups affected by the Indian Removal Act of 1830? ✔✔The Cherokee, Creek, Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Seminole What was the role of the Second Bank of the United States in the economy? ✔✔Regulate the speculative frontier banks and credit What early 19th century American writers were Romanticists? ✔✔Thoreau, James Fennimore Cooper, Walt Whitman, Nathanial Hawthorne, and Herman MelvilleIn what ways did the Market Revolution restructure American society? ✔✔Stimulated growth in textile industry, cotton industry, the New National Bank, steamboat, Erie Canal, Railroads What was unique about the presidential election of 1824? ✔✔- The Presidential Election of 1824 was one of the most controversial in American History-Four candidates ran as National Republicans from their respective regions - John Q. Adams from New England's, Henry Clay from the west, William Crawford from the West, William Crawford from the South, and Andrew Jackson from the West (but also the candidate with the most national appeal) What three major issues dominated Jackson's administration? ✔✔- Indian removal, tariffs, and the national bank What did the parties support in the Jacksonian party system? ✔✔- Changes in Market economy - Democrat- Limited government no changes in Market economy - Whigs- Strong Government Why was John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry significant? ✔✔- John Brown's 1859raid on the Federal arsenal at Harper's Ferry further polarized a nation already deeply divided over slaveryBrown intended to use the captured weapons from the arsenal to start a slave insurrection that spread throughout the South. What were the provisions of the American System? ✔✔New Nationalism What role did women play according to the ideal of domesticity? ✔✔To give love, comfort and moral instruction What was the significance of the Second Great Awakening? ✔✔- Fostered revivals, and sparked ambitious programs for reforming individuals and society - Evangelicalism, (AME) African Methodist Episcopal How were African Americans (especially escaped slaves) treated during the Civil War? ✔✔Poorly, were sent back to slave owner if escaped What role did emotion play in Romanticism? ✔✔The Romantic Movement served to reinforce the Emotionalism of revivalism but also had a major effect on the Transcendentalist movement and American literature.What were the goals of the educational reform movement? ✔✔- Tax-supported public schools promoted equal opportunity -Women also saw more educational opportunities as women's colleges became more prevalent Where was the first major women's rights convention? ✔✔The women's right movement was officially born at the Seneca Falls convention in 1848 when Elizabeth Cady Stanton's Declaration of Sentiments was adopted by the convention Why did the abolitionist movement split in 1840? ✔✔Over issues of women's rights in 1840 What effect did the Erie Canal have on the Transportation Revolution? ✔✔made it a profitable investment because of successful travels throughout...Rapid growth in the speed of traveling. A boom in business across the country What effects did slavery have on the Southern economy? ✔✔made labor easier and cheaper and helped cotton industry prosper Where was most of the Southern slave population concentrated? ✔✔Deep South- South Carolina, MississippiWhy did manufacturing in the South lag behind the North? ✔✔- Technology in the south were much behind - not much money kept in south - The north agriculture society...The South was more agricultural and didn't have as many people. Whilst the North was advancing and more industrialized. The North also had an extremely high population density. Why was the Kansas-Nebraska Act so controversial? ✔✔The repeal of the Missouri Compromise, taking the prohibition of slavery away About what percent of the population owned slaves? ✔✔25%. Most slaves were owned by 1%. What was the most common form of slave resistance? ✔✔Theft or other small acts of defiance such as faking illness or breaking tools and running away. Less common - Uprising. Why did public interest and involvement in politics grow in the U.S. after 1820? ✔✔- Gap between rich and poor - Panic of 1819 - Market revolution to promote prosperityHow did the Radical Republicans in Congress approach reconstruction? ✔✔- Made first Reconstruction Act in March 1867 - Harsh Punishment towards slave owners - Guarantee rights for free slaves What was the most expansive force in the American economy during the quarter-century after the War of 1812? ✔✔Cotton In what ways did Southerners defend slavery after the 1830s? ✔✔- No prohibition of it in the Bible - Biblical and Classical cavilization's practiced slavery - They were helping inferior people become civilized - Without slave labor they could not produce the cotton that was driving industrial expansion and job creation in the North What purpose did the doctrine of Manifest Destiny serve? ✔✔Combined idealistic impulses, both religious and political, with attitudes of racial superiorityWhat contributed to the growing discontent and eventual revolt of Americans in Texas? ✔✔- Catholic Mexico's banning of Protestant churches in Texas - Mexico's banning of slavery in T [Show More]

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