HSCO 502 TEST #3 2019. Human Growth and Development

Question 1 1. In a study of relationship satisfaction and stability over a 3-year period, which of the following types of partnerships was the most likely to break up? Anxious man with anxious woman. Avoidant man wit ...

Question 1 1. In a study of relationship satisfaction and stability over a 3-year period, which of the following types of partnerships was the most likely to break up? Anxious man with anxious woman. Avoidant man with secure woman. Anxious man with avoidant woman. Avoidant man with ambivalent woman. 2 points Question 2 1. Which of these is the best definition of relativistic thought according to Perry? Every person has a right to his or her own opinion and we should not question each other. People relate to each other because everyone is in search of absolute truth. Relativistic thinking is a stage that supersedes the ability to see inherent contradictions. Weighing evidence and considers ideas and values more objectively. 2 points Question 3 1. Research on job satisfaction indicates which of the following? Job satisfaction is more closely related to monetary compensation than to any other variable. Job satisfaction is most closely related to sociability, with sociable individuals more likely to be satisfied with any job. Personal style and job characteristics are important ingredients in job satisfaction. Job satisfaction actually has nothing to do with how well personality characteristics match the demands of the job. 2 points Question 4 1. Based upon research about marital relationships conducted by Gottman, what feature of a relationship best predicts the demise of a relationship? Homeostatic steady state. Negative affect reciprocity. Disillusionment. Childlessness. 2 points Question 5 1. In self-determination theory, which of the following is considered one of the basic psychological needs that motivates our adaptation or coping efforts at any age? Autonomy. Optimization. Avoidance. Generativity. 2 points Question 6 1. Measures of subjective well-being typically assess degree of felt happiness or positive emotion know as hedonic well-being. Other measures of well-being focus more on assessing feelings of purpose, growth and master which is sometimes called Self-determination Psychological well-being Eudaemonic well-being. Expressive well-being. 2 points Question 7 1. Which of the following individuals would most likely be in the reorganizational stage according to Schaie’s view of adult adjustment? A 20-year-old carpenter’s apprentice. A 25-year-old single mother. A 45-year-old businessman. A 62-year-old truck driver. 2 points Question 8 1. The “Big Five” personality traits are Conscientiousness, agreeableness, aggressiveness, neuroticism and introversion. Warmth, neuroticism, conscientiousness, introversion and extroversion. Sociability, openness, neuroticism, agreeableness and aggressiveness. Agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, extraversion and conscientiousness. 2 points Question 9 1. How do sociologists classify actions like entry into marriage and becoming a parent? As social constructions. As dualistic decisions. As adult rituals. As marker events 2 points Question 10 1. Reitzes and Mutran suggest Several factors at preretirement are strong predictors of positive attitudes toward retirement later, including religiosity. feeling confident in relationships with friends. number of close relatives, especially children. mandatory retirement age. 2 points Question 11 1. Kindling-behavioral sensitization describes A process of shaping behavior to desired outcomes. A process of increasing sensitivity to stressful triggers. A process that explains how neurobiological factors interact with chemicals in the brain. The measure of total life stresses. 2 points Question 12 1. In late adulthood, many of the physical losses of middle adulthood (e.g., sensory decline) continue. For people over 65 there is also a new physical problem that about half of the population must contend with, called osteoarthritis. diabetes. multi-infarct dementia. Alzheimer’s disease. 2 points Question 13 1. Video response. Review the video on, page 481 of your book; from the 3 statements select which one(s) are correct. Statement 1: John stated three changes relevant to middle age; physical ability declines, mental abilities are still intake, and there are some sexual changes for men, but not to the extent that women experience. Statement 2: John stated that he has experience significant decline in his physical abilities, his ability to be successful as an adult student, and has encountered erectile dysfunction. Statement 3: a. John’s commentary on middle age demonstrates the concept of regulation of loss, representing an adaption of expectations. Statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct. Statement 1 is correct Statement 2 is correct Statements 1 and 3 are correct. 2 points Question 14 1. Which of the following is the most important factor in helping young adults avoid a slide into poverty? Education. Religion. Family size. Avoiding delinquency. 2 points Question 15 1. Video response. Review the video on, page 411 of your book; from the 3 statements select which one(s) are correct. Statement 1: the video demonstrates Gary’s conflict between returning to a previous status of relying on his parents while in graduate school and the obligation he feels to be independent and care for his family. Statement 2: Gary feels like his success thus far is attributed to the values that his parent exemplified and reflects their support and expectations for him. Statement 3: Gary is an example of the failure to launch syndrome and is comfortable relying on his parents for support while in graduate school. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is correct Statement 1 and 2 are correct Statement 3 is correct. 2 points Question 16 1. Which of the following is the most likely physical change that most adults will experience in their 40s ? For many, it will take longer for eyes to adapt to changes in light than before. Many will acquire a serious disability. For most people the ability to hear normal speech sounds will noticeably decline. For most people their body will produce more elastin as they age. 2 points Question 17 1. How do the attitudes toward death among elderly people compare to the attitudes of younger age groups? Elderly people report more anxiety about death than middle-aged adults. Elderly people report less anxiety about death than middle-aged adults. Elderly people are less realistic about its inevitability than middle-aged adults are. There are no differences between the elderly and other age groups in regard to attitudes toward death. 2 points Question 18 1. According to Erikson’s theory, which developmental task is central to the middle adulthood stage of life? Ego integrity. Intimacy. Autonomy. Generativity. 2 points Question 19 1. Which statement regarding the research findings of partner selection is NOT accurate. Secure individuals tend to be paired more often with other secure individuals. Research suggests that having a secure individual in the partnership will automatically improve the quality of the relationship. The most rare paring is between avoidant-avoidant and anxious -anxious persons. Insecure individuals need someone that can confirm their expectations of close relationshipsl 2 points Question 20 1. Gender differences in career choice are influenced by gender-role beliefs and life style preferences including this notion The gender-role beliefs of males and females have not changed in the last 40 years. Women today more often choosing to be full time homemakers. Women still give greater priority to their role as caregiver, and men still give greater priority to their role as breadwinner. Men now share equally in housework and child care. 2 points Question 21 1. In Super’s developmental approach to career satisfaction, he argues that an individual’s vocational self-concept evolves over time. What is the career development stage that usually characterizes adolescents and young adults?