Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids: NUTR641: Nutritional Biochemistry I (D01) Score for this attempt: 78 out of 80 Fall 2025.

Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids: NUTR641: Nutritional Biochemistry I (D01) Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids Score for this attempt: 78 out of 80  Q uestion 1 2 / 2 pts arachidonic acid plasmalogen ganglioside t ...

Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids: NUTR641: Nutritional Biochemistry I (D01) Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids Score for this attempt: 78 out of 80  Q uestion 1 2 / 2 pts arachidonic acid plasmalogen ganglioside triacylglycerol cholesterol  Q uestion 2 2 / 2 pts capsaicin terpenoid steroid wax ganglioside  Q uestion 3 2 / 2 pts The quiz: Covers the Textbook material from Module 7: Week 7. Contains 40 multiple-choice questions. Is limited to 1 hour and 30 minutes. Allows 2 attempts. Is worth 80 points. Submit this assignment by 11:59 p.m. (ET) on Sunday of Module 7: Week 7. TAKE THE QUIZ AGAIN The most notable difference between ________ and other lipids is the presence of four fused rings. A type of lipid that commonly forms a waterproof barrier and is composed of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol is called a ________. integral membrane protein oriented to the extracellular side transmembrane protein region of high cholesterol and sphingolipid content integral membrane protein oriented to the intracellular side none of the above  Q uestion 4 2 / 2 pts branched-chain fatty acids short-chain saturated fatty acids very long-chain saturated fatty acids monounsaturated fatty acids polyunsaturated fatty acids Q uestion 5 2 / 2 pts steroid ganglioside wax terpenoid isoprene  Q uestion 6 2 / 2 pts oxidation to increase water solubility esterification with a fatty acid hydration of the alkene phosphorylation by ATP all of the above may occur  Q uestion 7 2 / 2 pts CDP-choline reacts with a monoacylglycerol followed by fatty acid addition a diacylglycerol pyrophosphate reacts with choline phosphocholine condenses with glycerol-3-phosphate, then two fatty acids are added CDP-choline reacts with a diacylglycerol none of the above  A membrane raft is a(n) ________ in the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane. Which of the following types of fatty acids would be oxidized exclusively in the peroxisome instead of the mitochondria? A type of lipid that commonly forms a waterproof barrier and is composed of a fatty acid and a fatty alcohol is called a(n) ________. Which of the following commonly occurs before cholesterol is packaged into a VLDL? Which of the following best describes the sequence of events for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine? Question 8 2 / 2 pts mitochondria of cardiomyocytes mitochondria of liver cells cytosol of liver cells cytosol of cardiomyocytes all of the above Q uestion 9 2 / 2 pts all have carbohydrates attached to the extracellular domain most of their movement is by lateral diffusion interactions between proteins makes the membrane highly rigid transverse diffusion occurs often but rather slowly none of the above  Q uestion 10 2 / 2 pts the width of the nonpolar head is less than the polar tail the width of the polar head is less than the nonpolar tail the width of the polar head is greater than the nonpolar tail the width of the nonpolar head is greater than the polar tail the width of the polar head is equal to the nonpolar tail  Q uestion 11 2 / 2 pts H2O2 FMN O2 NAD+ none of the above Q uestion 12 2 / 2 pts acyl-CoA acyladenylate In which location listed below does the following reaction take place? HMG-CoA → acetoacetate + Acetyl-CoA Which of the following is a characteristic of integral membrane proteins? Which of the following explains why free fatty acids do not form bilayers? During β-oxidation in the peroxisome, what reoxidizes the enzyme-bound FADH2 during the first oxidation of the pathway? What is the product of fatty acid activation? acyl-carnitine pyrophosphate acyl ester  Q uestion 13 2 / 2 pts hydrogen-bonded to other polar amino acids to prevent interaction with the membrane lipids hydrogen-bonded with hydroxyl groups of the membrane fatty acids modified with nonpolar groups by prenylation, methylation and/or acylation mutations none of the above Q uestion 14 2 / 2 pts wax fatty acid isoprenoid triacylglycerol steroid  In correctQuestion 15 0 / 2 pts transacylase; enoyl-CoA hydratase 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase; acyl-CoA dehydrogenase 3-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydrase; enoyl-CoA hydratase enoyl-ACP reductase; thiolase 3-ketoacyl-ACP reductase; 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase  Q uestion 16 2 / 2 pts isopentenyl pyrophosphate synthase HMG-CoA lyase HMG-CoA synthase HMG-CoA reductase thiolase  Q uestion 17 2 / 2 pts are commonly found in plants If polar amino acids are found in a membrane spanning α-helical region, they are most likely ________. What class of lipid is squalene, the precursor to cholesterol? In fatty acid synthesis, ________ catalyzes the reverse reaction of ________ in s-oxidation. What enzyme is the major control point of cholesterol synthesis in humans? Unsaturated fatty acids ________. usually contain a double bond with cis stereochemistry have lower melting points than the analogous saturated fatty acids sometimes contain multiple double bonds all of the above  Q uestion 18 2 / 2 pts serine reacts with a diacylglycerol pyrophosphate serine reacts with a CDP-diacylglycerol serine displaces the ethanolamine from a phosphatidylethanolamine the ethanolamine group of phosphatidylethanolamine is carboxylated to form serine CDP-serine reacts with diacylglycerol Q uestion 19 2 / 2 pts lipolysis fatty acid activation transport into the mitochondria oxidation of a carbon-carbon single bond to an alkene none of the above  Q uestion 20 2 / 2 pts I, II I, II, III, IV III I, II, III II, III  Q uestion 21 2 / 2 pts 8 NADH, 9 QH2, 9 acetyl-CoA 8 NADH, 7 QH2, 9 acetyl-CoA 8 NADH, 8 QH2, 9 acetyl-CoA 9 NADH, 8 QH2, 9 acetyl-CoA 9 NADH, 9 QH2, 9 acetyl-CoA Which of the following explains how phosphatidylserine is synthesized? To oxidize the fatty acids in a triacylglycerol, what must occur first? Triglycerides contain more metabolic energy per unit weight than glycogen because ________. I. glycogen has greater polarity than fatty acids II. fatty acids predominate in an anhydrous form III. fatty acids are less oxidized than carbohydrates IV. triglycerides have a higher average molecular mass What are the β-oxidation products of stearic acid, a saturated fatty acid with 18 carbons?  Q uestion 22 2 / 2 pts cytosol; Golgi apparatus lysosome; Golgi apparatus mitochondria; lysosome mitochondria; endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria; cytosol Q uestion 23 2 / 2 pts longer chains with greater saturation chain length and saturation do not change in a cell membrane shorter chains with greater unsaturation shorter chains with greater saturation longer chains with greater unsaturation  Q uestion 24 2 / 2 pts 1 NADH, 1 QH2, 1 acetyl-CoA 1 NADH, 1 QH2, 2 acetyl-CoA 1 NADH, 1 QH2, 1 H2O, 1 acetyl-CoA 1 NADH, 1 QH2, 1 CO2, 1 acetyl-CoA 2 NADH, 1 QH2, 1 acetyl-CoA  Q uestion 25 2 / 2 pts sphingosine acetyl-CoA choline palmitic acid isoprene  Q uestion 26 2 / 2 pts Plant oils usually contain more unsaturated fatty acids than animal fats. Plant oils usually have more saturation than animal fats. Fatty acid oxidation occurs in the ________; fatty acid synthesis occurs in the ________. As temperatures grow colder with the onset of winter, animals will adapt by changing the fatty acid composition of cell membranes. What characteristics of fatty acids will be seen? Each round of β-oxidation of a saturated fatty acyl-CoA produces ________. Which of the following is the primary building block for the synthesis of molecules like cholesterol or ubiquinone? Which of the following statements describes one reason that plant oils are generally healthier for human consumption than animal fats? 6/10 Plant oils have shorter chain fatty acids than animal fats. Plant oils are glycerol based rather than phospholipid based. Plant oils usually contain more trans fatty acids than animal fats.  Q uestion 27 2 / 2 pts propionyl-CoA malonyl-CoA acetoacetyl-CoA β-hydroxybutyryl-CoA HMG-CoA Q uestion 28 2 / 2 pts 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid 5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid 6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid  Q uestion 29 2 / 2 pts Cys Ser Tyr His Glu  Q uestion 30 2 / 2 pts only on the extracellular side of the membrane only on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane on both the cytoplasmic and extracellular sides of the membrane spanning the membrane carbohydrates are not found on membrane spanning glycoproteins  Q uestion 31 2 / 2 pts the amino acids that contact the core of the membrane are hydrophobic The activation of acetyl-CoA for fatty acid synthesis is achieved by converting the acetyl-CoA into ________. Which of the following is considered an omega-3 fatty acid? When a growing fatty acid is not attached to the ACP, it is attached to a ________ residue of the fatty acid synthase complex. The carbohydrate portion of a membrane spanning glycoprotein is found ________. Which of the following statements describes integral membrane proteins? their association with the membrane is through an attached fatty acyl or prenyl group they tend to be water soluble they are easily removed by changes in pH or high salt they never completely span the lipid bilayer  Q uestion 32 2 / 2 pts transverse diffusion occurs very quickly a flippase causes lateral diffusion to occur very rapidly carbohydrates attached to membrane lipids are usually found on the cytosolic side of the membrane lateral diffusion occurs very slowly none of the above Q uestion 33 2 / 2 pts glycerol phosphate shuttle acyl adenylate shuttle carnitine shuttle triacylglycerol shuttle lipoprotein shuttle  Q uestion 34 2 / 2 pts hydratase malonyl-CoA ligase reductase desaturase elongases  Q uestion 35 2 / 2 pts β-estradiol cholate aldosterone cortisol progesterone  Q uestion 36 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is true regarding membrane asymmetry? What transport system moves activated fatty acids from the cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix? What enzymes are required to make fatty acids containing 22 or 24 carbons? Cholesterol is converted into ________, a molecule that aids in the absorption of dietary lipids. The hydrolysis of triacylglycerols stored in adipose tissue is catalyzed by the enzyme ________. 8/27/24, 2:42 PM Quiz: Basic Principles of Lipids: NUTR641: Nutritional Biochemistry I (D01) https://canvas.liberty.edu/courses/634527/quizzes/3115985 8/10 lipoprotein lipase hormone-sensitive lipase albumin-associated lipase adipocyte lipase chylomicron lipase  Q uestion 37 2 / 2 pts β-helix β-tube β-barrel β-turn none of the above Q uestion 38 2 / 2 pts tetrahydrobiopterin thiamine pyrophosphate folic acid coenzyme A biotin  Q uestion 39 2 / 2 pts HDL; VLDL VLDL; LDL chylomicrons; HDL LDL; VLDL LDL; chylomicrons  Q uestion 40 2 / 2 pts fumarate succinyl-CoA succinate methylmalonyl-CoA propionyl-CoA Quiz Score: 78 out of 80 If a transmembrane domain of protein contains β-sheet structure, the overall structure of the transmembrane portion is likely a ________. The portion of the acyl carrier protein that activates the growing fatty acid is similar to the structure of ________. Of the major lipoproteins, ________ are highest in cholesterol and cholesterol esters while ________ are highest in triacylglycerols. During β-oxidation of an odd-chain fatty acid, the last three carbon atoms from the oxidized fatty acid enter the citric acid cycle as ________.