MED SURG FINAL EXAM 159 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025 GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A+

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MED SURG FINAL EXAM 159 STUDY QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025 GUARANTEED PASS | RATED A+ A client with end-stage liver disease is scheduled to undergo a liver transplant. The client tells the n... urse, "I am worried that my body will reject the liver." Which statement is the nurse's best response to the client? "You will need to take daily medication to prevent rejection of the transplanted liver. The new liver has a good chance of survival with the use of these drugs." "You would not be scheduled for a transplant if there was a concern about rejection." "The problem of rejection is not as common in liver transplants as in other organ transplants." "It is easier to get a good tissue match with liver transplants than with other types of transplants." - Answer>>> "You will need to take daily medication to prevent rejection of the transplanted liver. The new liver has a good chance of survival with the use of these drugs." Rejection is a primary concern. A transplanted liver is perceived by the immune system as a foreign antigen. This triggers an immune response, leading to the activation of T lymphocytes that attack and destroy the transplanted liver. Immunosuppressive agents are used as long-term therapy to prevent this response and rejection of the transplanted liver. These agents inhibit the activation of immunocompetent T lymphocytes to prevent the production of effector T cells. Although the 1- and 5-year survival rates have increased dramatically with the use of new immunosuppressive therapies, these advances are not without major side effects. The other statements are inaccurate or will not decrease the client's anxiety. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is being evaluated for a lung transplant. Which initial assessment data would the nurse anticipate? Select all that apply. Decreased respiratory rate Dyspnea on exertion Barrel chest Shortened expiratory phase Clubbed fingers and toes Fever - Answer>>> Dyspnea on exertion Barrel chest Clubbed fingers and toes COPD is one of the most common lung diseases making it difficult to breathe. Severity of the illness varies. Typical findings for clients with COPD include dyspnea on exertion, a barrel chest, and clubbed fingers and toes. Clients with COPD are usually tachypneic with a prolonged expiratory phase. Fever is not associated with COPD, unless an infection is also present. A 53-year-old female hospital patient has received a kidney transplant following renal failure secondary to hypertension. As part of the teaching while she was on the organ wait list, she was made aware that she would need to take anti-rejection drugs for the rest of her life. Which aspect of the immune system underlies this necessity? The lack of identifiable major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules will stimulate the innate immune response. Donor organ antibodies will be identified as foreign and stimulate an immune response. Anti-rejection drugs will stimulate the production of familiar MHC molecules. MHC molecules will never develop in the cells of the donor organ and effector cells will be continually stimulated. - Answer>>> MHC molecules will never develop in the cells of the donor organ and effector cells will be continually stimulated. The lack of familiar MHC molecules will stimulate an immune response by effector cells in the absence of anti-rejection drugs. An innate immune response is not central to the response, but rather the adaptive immune system. Lack of known MHC molecules, not foreign antibodies, accounts for the immune response, and familiar MHC molecules will not be produced by the donor kidney cells. The nurse is assessing a client who, after an extensive surgical procedure, is at risk for developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse assesses for which most common early sign of ARDS? Rapid onset of severe dyspnea Inspiratory crackles Bilateral wheezing Cyanosis - Answer>>> Rapid onset of severe dyspnea The acute phase of ARDS is marked by a rapid onset of severe dyspnea that usually occurs less than 72 hours after the precipitating event. [Show More]

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