CS 514 Final Exam Study Questions | Answered with complete solutions

CS 514 Final Exam Study Questions | Answered with complete solutions The analysis phase of database design includes which process? Specifying requirements that are not dependent on a specific database system. When dat ...

CS 514 Final Exam Study Questions | Answered with complete solutions The analysis phase of database design includes which process? Specifying requirements that are not dependent on a specific database system. When data is produced and stored as numeric, textual, or visual information, it varies in _____. Format A database designer installs MySQL Community Edition to create a database. Which account does the designer use to gain full control of MySQL? Root What does a user that interacts with a database use to read and write data? Query language Which option is found on the Schemas tab in MySQL Workbench? A list of available databases. The _____ SQL statement does not alter any database data. SELECT What design consideration would apply to a database that has special performance requirements? Structuring data properly on storage media. What links a host programming language to a database system? API A database _____ is the implementation of database requirements in SQL with CREATE TABLE statements. Schema If a database system is processing three queries as part of a transaction and the third query fails, what happens to the transaction? The successful query results are reversed, and the transaction is canceled. A database management system reads and writes data in a database, and _____. ensures consistency and availability When using the MySQL Command-Line Client, which character ends a command? ; In the following ER diagram, what does 'AlbumTitle' represent? Attribute Which role focuses on creating software that interacts with a database? Programmer In terms of database architecture, which component translates the query processor instructions into low-level file-system commands and is responsible for indexing the data? Storage manager A user creates a table by using a SQL statement. The data type VARCHAR(11) is part of the statement. What does the value of (11) represent? The number of characters allowed for the data type. When using a SQL statement to create a table, which data type is used to store a fractional value? DECIMAL A database administrator uses which two SQL statements to view and then modify existing customer balances with a late fee? SELECT, UPDATE When using the MySQL Workbench GUI, which icon will execute an SQL statement? Lightning bolt Which database role focuses on database storage, response times, and optimization? Designer Which type of database system is optimized for big data? NoSQL Which principle defines data independence? Physical design never affects query results. Which concept relates to software that reads and writes data in a database? Management system How does a database system protect data when concurrent transactions occur? Preventing multiple transactions with the same data at the same time. When a user interacts with a database, they can use a _____ to modify data with commands. query language Refer to the Teacher and Class tables. To maintain referential integrity, which foreign key action rejects the deletion of the row containing Rosa Lopez? RESTRICT In a relational database model, which concept refers to a finite sequence of values that are derived from defined domains? Tuple In MySQL, what is the result of TRUE OR NULL? TRUE A column, or group of columns, that serves as the unique identifier in a relational database table is called a/an _____. primary key Which data type should a database use to store negative numbers? INT Refer to the Teacher and Class tables. When Bryan McNeal was deleted from the Teacher table, the TeacherID for the Web Development course was automatically changed to 11234. Which foreign key action is the TeacherID likely using? SET DEFAULT Which statement is not a special case of foreign keys? Correct! Foreign key referring to a foreign key in the same table Refer to the Teacher and Class tables. Which foreign key action updates the TeacherID for the Web Development course when Bryan McNeal's TeacherID is updated to 45672? CASCADE A database administrator creates a new relational database, and a primary key is assigned within a table to assist with governing data. What does the administrator accomplish with this structural rule? Unique identification of individual rows in the table Refer to the Teacher and Class tables. What is the result of the SET NULL foreign key action when Bryan McNeal's TeacherID is changed to 45672? The Web Development TeacherID is set to NULL. A value that is used in a computation is known as a/an _____. Operand Refer to the Teacher and Class tables. The TeacherID in the Class table references the TeacherID in the Teacher table. The TeacherID in the Class table is a/an _____. foreign key When only one value exists in each cell, a table is known to be _____. Normalized What data type stores binary values? BLOB A relational database uses _____ to structure all data. Tables In the Reservation table below, a room may be reserved several times, so the RoomNumber column is not unique. To ensure that a room can only be reserved by only one guest for the day, the minimal primary key consists of which columns? (RoomNumber, DateOfStay) Which two rules apply to primary keys? Values must be unique and may not be NULL In MySQL, what is the result of TRUE AND NULL? NULL What is the result of a relational operation? Table A foreign key in which all columns are NULL is known as a _____ foreign key? fully NULL Evaluate the given data and determine the correct result from the statement. 485 In a relational database model, an attribute refers to which concept? A uniquely named tuple position A NULL value represents _____ data. Missing A _____ is a collection of values with no inherent order. Set A _____ is a collection of values that are of the same type. Column What is converted into 0, 1, and M specifications during database design? business rules When an entity-relationship model diagram is implemented within SQL, entities typically become _____, and relationships typically become _____. tables, foreign keys A database team plans the creation of a new database. During which phase does the team capture data requirements? Analysis A database designer interviews a sales team that will be using a new database. During the interview, the designer documents entities as _____, and relationships as _____. nouns, verbs Paperback and hardcover books are mutually exclusive subsets of books. PaperBackBook and HardCoverBook _____ the supertype entity Book. Partition During database design, an entity with many optional attributes often becomes a(n) ______ entity. Supertype A relationship minimum is the least number of instances of one entity that relates to a single instance of another entity. On an ER diagram, minima are usually specified as a _____ or _____. zero, one Entities that share common attributes and relationships become part of a new _____ entity. Supertype A database contains several relationships. Which is a valid relationship name? Correct! Toys-Contains-Dolls How are attributes documented in an entity-relationship diagram? Within an entity rectangle. What is the greatest number of instances of one entity that can relate to a single instance of another entity? Maximum What is the purpose of an entity synonym? To reflect common name usage of the entity. When an entity-relationship model is implemented in SQL, an entity typically becomes a _____. table Which of the following is a set of things in entity-relationship modeling? Entity Which popular ER model diagramming convention for cardinality depicts "many" in a relationship? Three lines, called crow's feet, at the end of a relationship _______ entities have many common attributes and relationships. Similar During database design, an ER _____ and _____ are usually developed in parallel. diagram, glossary In some ER modeling conventions, _____ entities are called strong and _____ entities are called weak. independent, dependent Which term describes the meaning of an attribute value? Qualifier All spare parts belong to a product. A product must exist before spare parts become available and when a product is removed, spare parts are also removed. What type of entity is Product? Master entity When considering an attribute maximum, which term represents when each attribute instance describes at most one entity instance? Unique The entity Book includes Paperback, Hardcover, and Digital books. The attribute ChapterCount applies to both PaperBack and HardCover but not Digital. Digital has a TextToSpeech attribute. Which entity type is Digital? Subtype When creating an ER diagram, a dependency relationship is drawn with an arrow pointing to a _____ entity. Master In the Entity-Has-Attribute relationship, what is a required attribute? Each entity instance has at least one attribute instance. Distinguishing independent and dependent entities is a(n) _____ process. Iterative Which of the following is not true about the INSERT statement? A single INSERT statement can only add one row. Refer to the column information produced by SHOW COLUMNS FROM Supplier; statement. CountryId is a foreign key that references the CountryId column in the Country table. Which statement correctly inserts Oshkosh Bgosh? INSERT INTO Supplier (CompanyName, ContactName, CountryId)VALUES ('Oshkosh Bgosh', 'Martina Perry', 2); What is the correct SQL statement for deleting the table Supplier? DROP TABLE Supplier; What is the correct statement for deleting a database? DROP DATABASE ; What foreign key action should be added to ensure that if a supplier is removed from the Supplier table, the products associated with the same supplier are also removed? ON DELETE CASCADE In the SQL code below, which of the following is an identifier? Product A/An _____ is a rule enforced on a table's data. Constraint What should be added to the SQL statements to produce the Result table below? onlineShop, TABLES A database designer wants to create three tables: Supplier, Product, and Country. The Supplier table has a CountryId column with values that must appear in the Country table's CountryId column. The Product table has an auto-increment column. Which table's CREATE TABLE statement(s) must specify a FOREIGN KEY? Supplier What is the correct statement for creating a database called reservationDB? CREATE DATABASE reservationDB; Which SQL statement deletes the City column from the Supplier table? ALTER TABLE SupplierDROP City; The statement below is an example from which SQL sublanguage? Data Query Language Which of the following values violates the CHECK constraint below? (456, "Sarah Mcgraw", 61, "12301 270th Pl, Seattle, WA 98126") Which column is best to replace XXX in the SQL statement below? SupplierId UPDATE, SELECT, and ORDER BY are _____ in an SQL statement. Keywords What does SQL stand for? Structured Query Language Choose the best data types to replace XXX and YYY. VARCHAR(50), DECIMAL(8, 2) A _____ is a type of UNIQUE constraint applied to two or more columns. table-level constraint Which language defines statements used for creating and dropping tables? Data Definition Language Which SQL statement adds a new column Fax to the Supplier table? Correct! ALTER TABLE SupplierADD Fax VARCHAR(30); A _____ constraint is used to define a column value that is not NULL when no value is provided. DEFAULT A database system has a database called onlineShop. What is the result of a CREATE statement that tries to create onlineShop a second time? The statement produces an error that the database already exists. What should be added so NULL values are not allowed in ProductName? VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL How many columns are created by the SQL statement below? 6 Refer to the Supplier table. Which statement correctly changes Adan Stevens to Maria Stevens? UPDATE Supplier SET ContactName = 'Maria Stevens' WHERE SupplierId = 5; Branches that are similar in length in an index hierarchy are _____. Balanced A magnetic disk groups data into _____. Sectors With column-oriented storage, a block stores values for _____. a single column Hash index entries are assigned to _____. Buckets What is a characteristic of a logical index? Index does not change when a row moves to a new block. Which table type interleaves rows of two or more tables in the same storage area? Table clusters Which table type might use the modulo function to scramble row locations? Hash A column contains grades from 0 to 10, but a WHERE clause specifies values from 0 to 100. A _____ index can be used to modify the column values and process the queries. Function In a logical index, pointers to table blocks are replaced with _____ values. primary key What are two characteristics of an efficient bitmap index? The database can quickly determine the block containing a table row from the index row number. Any indexed column contains relatively few distinct values. Which of the following is a characteristic of a B-tree index, but not a B+tree index? Column values do not repeat at lower levels. The bottom level of a multi-level index is a _____index. sorted single-level How are blocks read with a single-level index scan? A scan reads all index blocks to find table blocks that contain selected rows. The table blocks are then read. A single-level index is a file that contains column values and pointers to _____ containing the column _____. rows, value A relational database uses row-oriented storage to store an entire row within one _____. Block The sort column in a sorted table determines the _____ row order. Physical What are the performance characteristics of a heap table? Insert, delete, and update operations are optimized, but not read operations. When working with multi-tables, a column that is available in all interleaved tables is known as a _____? cluster key What is the fan-out for a multi-level index where index entries are 32 bytes and index blocks are 10 kilobytes? Approximately 300 When performing a search, which scan type is fastest? Index The time required to read or write the first byte of data is known as _____. access time In order to locate rows selected by a query, an index scan reads index blocks _____. Sequentially A _____ index is an index on a non-unique sort column. Clustering When a table is updated and the index block has no free space for a new index entry, what happens? The block splits. Data was not saved before a system was accidentally powered off. This data was located in _____. volatile memory Which isolation level prevents dirty, non-repeatable, and phantom reads? Serializable Refer to the schedule below. The initial value of B is 7 and C is 3. What is the value of A after conflicting schedule executes? 2 A recovery system should manage which three failure scenarios? Transaction failure, System failure, and Storage media failure A _____ is a part of the concurrency system that monitors, grants, and releases locks. Lock Manager _____ is a recovery technique that creates a nearly synchronized backup of the primary database on another database server.