HES 354 Exam 4 | Questions and Answers Which of the following is still a standard communication channel for daily work and some personal interaction, but is being eclipsed? E-mail Identifying your key target audiences
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HES 354 Exam 4 | Questions and Answers Which of the following is still a standard communication channel for daily work and some personal interaction, but is being eclipsed? E-mail Identifying your key target audiences, and often subgroups within target audiences, is a process known as: audience segmenting Which of the following can consist of interviews, focus groups (something like a group interview), or surveys with members of the target audience who have agreed to participate in the research? formative research Which of the following is kind of a shortcut because a consumer can grasp what the product stands for because it is linked to an appealing idea or image? Branding Which type of campaign indirectly aims at health behavior change by seeking to change social institutions and their policies and, in doing so, get at the environment that surrounds behavior? media advocacy Campaigns concentrated on reaching community leaders, which is an example of targeting "elite opinions," is identified as which of the following and may involve media advocacy? institutional diffusion In a broader sense, which of the following refers not just to the integration of economic production and markets, but to the social and political consequences of this trend? Globalization The Pan American Health Organization, which focuses on the Americas, is one example of which type of organization? regional organization Which of the following are key players in the global health system, particularly with respect to implementation as well as funding of programs, and in providing assistance in some of the most difficult situations? nongovernmental organizations and non-profits Which of the following refers to systems of knowledge and practice that tie together culturally shared ideas about what causes illness and disease, how to treat/cure illnesses, and who the appropriate healers are? ethnomedical systems The __________ approach stirred controversy in some quarters, but experience and data have shown that it "meets people where they are" in the sense that it focuses on key health effects of a person's behavior while not judging or overcategorizing the person as a whole. harm reduction Which approach sets up an overall predictive relationship where the nature of exposure increases or decreases the likelihood that a given youth will engage in high-risk behaviors? risk and protective factor approach The premise behind the Generative Approach to understanding risk behavior, is that people behave in relation to the following ideas or constructs: carrying out a gender role and trying to achieve status Choose the combination that includes ALL approaches which can be used to improve generative process in high-risk population. I. Identify key constructs that motivate behavior among a specific group, and the context (socioeconomic) in which those motivations are carried out via health risk behavior. II. Use the idea of substitution - finding other possible behaviors that respond to the same motivation but do not pose a health risk (or at least reduce the health risk). III. Disseminate and encourage adoption of those non-risky behaviors. IV. Generate resources that would support these new behaviors. I,II,III,IV Public health theory and the ecological model, in general, do not acknowledge a range of broader social and cultural factors that together influence behavior. False Marginalized and socioeconomically segregated populations often engage in health risk behavior with goals in mind that relate to life situations of limit, threat, alienation, and mistrust, with correspondingly different understandings of what is and is not a risk. True The influence of which piece of legislation, and the "accountability movement" of which it was a part, has accelerated the degree to which agencies and organizations use strategic planning documents to set out their goals as a guide to action and as a method for evaluating progress? Government Performance and Results Act For a replication to serve as an additional test of the model, the program has to be replicated with which of the following? Fidelity What is the basic question that is answered by a process evaluation? Were the components of the intervention implemented as planned? The question, "Are program inputs creating planned outputs such as # of educational sessions, health services, etc.?" would be best answered with which evaluation method? historical record keeping Which type of confounding may occur in cases when you cannot prevent the control group from getting some or all of the intervention? diffusion of treatment The second major goal of Healthy People 2010 was to eliminate which of the following, and this continues as one of the four major goals of Healthy People 2020? health disparities Mistrust of doctors, scientists, and the government has been documented for hospital patients of which ethnic group, stemming from public knowledge about he infamous Tuskegee syphilis study? African Americans In order to create better access to health care or remove an environmental risk that is affecting a minority community (and is, therefore, an important cause of health disparities), which approach would be useful? community mobilization Not all health disparities involve racial/ethnic minority populations or cultural diversity. True Quantitative data refer to the data that are more narrative, descriptive, and subjective in character—the information typically obtained from extended interviews, focus groups, and observation. false how people model their behavior is the effect of: observational learning based on social learning theory or social cognitive theory communication campaigns refers to planned processes of disseminating messages to influence behavior in a particular group/population Four stage planning approach for CCs 1. planning and strategy development 2. developing and pretesting concepts, messages, and materials 3. implementing the program 4. assessing effectiveness and making refinements media advocacy is the strategic use of mass media to apply pressure to advance healthy public policy influence public opinion-->influence policy makers-->influence policy advertising to: - gain public support - encourage policy makers What are the three types of theoretical models used in health behavior theory and communication campaigns?
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