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Chapter 24: Care of Patients with Peripheral Nerve and Degenerative Diseases deWit: Medical-Surgical Nursing: Concepts & Practice, 3rd Edition

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1. The nurse is explaining Parkinson disease to the student nurse. Which statement indicates that the student nurse correctly understands the pathophysiology of the disease? a. “Regardless of the a... ctual etiology, Parkinson disease is caused by depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine.” b. “The pathophysiology of the disease is caused by the deterioration of the myelin sheath of the basal ganglia.” c. “Excess dopamine and deficient acetylcholine are the cause of Parkinson disease.” d. “When there is decreased dopamine uptake at receptors in brain cells, Parkinson disease results.” ANS: A The specific cause of Parkinson disease is unknown, but the basic pathophysiology is depletion of dopamine and excess of acetylcholine. PTS: 1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 553 OBJ: 1 (theory) TOP: Parkinson Disease: Pathophysiology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Evaluation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 2. The nurse is assessing a patient with Parkinson disease. Which statement likely characterizes this patient’s tremors? a. Tremors occur constantly. b. Tremors decrease with voluntary movement. c. Tremors are absent when the body is at rest. d. Tremors are characterized by tonic/clonic muscle activity. ANS: B Tremors in Parkinson disease decrease with voluntary movement, are absent during sleep, and occur when the body is at rest. Parkinsonian muscle activity is that of “pill rolling.” Tonic/clonic movement is associated with seizures. [Show More]

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