Chapter 11 – Nutrition and Hydration
Anorexia loss of appetite
Dysphagia: difficulty swallowing due to difficulty moving food
o Transfer dysphagia: from the mouth to the esophagus
o Transport dysphagia: down the
...
Chapter 11 – Nutrition and Hydration
Anorexia loss of appetite
Dysphagia: difficulty swallowing due to difficulty moving food
o Transfer dysphagia: from the mouth to the esophagus
o Transport dysphagia: down the esophagus
o Delivery dysphagia: from the esophagus into the stomach
Nutrition status influences one’s ability to defend the body against
disease, maintain anatomic and structural normality, think clearly, and
possess the energy and desire to engage in social activity
Cause/contributing factors to nutritional status decline
o Teeth erosion/tooth loss
Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiecy related to limited
ability to chew foods, acute pain related to poor condition
of teeth
o Reduction in saliva to approximately 1/3 previous volume
Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to less
efficient mixing of foods
o Inefficient digestion of starch due to decreased salivary ptyalin
Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to reduced
breakdown of starches
o Atrophy or epithelial covering in oral mucosa
Nursing diagnosis: Violation of integrity of oral mucosa
o Increased taste threshhold/approximately 1/3 the number of
functioning taste buds
Nursing diagnosis: Risk of nutritional excess related to
increased intake of salts and sweets to copensation for
taste alterations
o Decreased thirst sensation
Nursing diagnosis: Fluid volume deficit related to
decreased thirst
o Reduced hunger contractions
Nursing diagnosis: Nutritional deficiency related to reduced
ability to sense hunger sensations
o Weaker gag reflex, reduced stomach motility
Risk of aspiration, Nutritional deficiency related to selfimposed restrictions to avoid discomfort
o Less hydrochloric acid, pepsin, and pancreatic acid
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