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copy of Einsenhower HISTORY 111

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Dwight D. Eisenhower 34th President of the United States Background.. ★ Took office in 1953 and served as president until 1961 - Served two terms ★ 5 Star General in the United States Military ★ Was the “supreme commander” of the Allied forces in during World War II ★ Was seen as a major war hero for his efforts in WW2 ★ Served 35 years in the Military, was involved in both world wars, but he was never saw active combat Dynamic Conservatism ★ The goal of Dynamic Conservatism, also known as : Modern Republicanism, was to limit the presidential role while keeping some of the properties established by the New Deal ★ Eisenhower's Goals: ○ balance the budget ○ cut spending ○ cut taxes and maintain the value of the dollar ★ Republicans were willing to risk unemployment to keep inflation in check ○ Reluctant to stimulate the economy too much ★ Preserved individual freedom ★ Market economy insured that government would provide necessary assistance to unemployed workers Military Industrial Complex: ○ An informal alliance between a nation's military and the arms industry which supplies it, seen together as a vested interest which influences public policy ○ The theory is that both sides would benefit from this arrangement - one side would benefit from obtaining war weapons, and the other would benefit from being paid to supply them ○ Eisenhower mentioned this term in his farewell address as a warning to the american population to not let military industrial establishment dictate america’s actions for it threatens the freedoms Space Program ★ President Eisenhower was skeptical about human spaceflight, but wanted to advance the commercial and military applications of satellite technology ★ Eisenhower approved the first United States space mission in 1955 ★ Eisenhower dismissed the Soviet launch of Sputnik in 1957 because he did not believe it was a threat ★ The National Aeronautics and Space Act passed in July 1958, which created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) ★ Eisenhower insisted on NASA remain a civilian agency - he wanted to avoid another conflict over government funding this way ★ Eisenhower was also involved in the giving NASA the go-ahead on the research project “Project Mercury” (seeing whether or not humans could be sent into orbit) Consumer culture ✰ During his presidency the nation’s consumer culture flourished. Workers’ wages rose, the baby boom reached its peak, and the suburbs grew rapidly. ✰ The GI Bill and Marshall Plan expenditures, along with Cold War defense spending, contributed to economic growth. So, too, did the nation’s growing population—some 50 million babies were born during the continuing baby boom in the Eisenhower era. ✰ By the 1950s, though they made up just 6% of the world's population, Americans consumed a third of all the world's goods and services.

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