General Science > TEST BANKS > TEST BANK Genetics Essentials Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by Benjamin A .Pierce (All)

TEST BANK Genetics Essentials Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by Benjamin A .Pierce

Document Content and Description Below

TEST BANK Genetics Essentials Concepts and Connections 5th Edition by Benjamin A .Pierce Chapter01:IntroductiontoGenetics 1. Albinismziszrarezinmostzhumanpopulations,zoccurringzatzafrequencyofzaboutz1zinz20,000zpeople.zHowever,zthe ztraitoccurs zat zazfrequencyof z1zinz200zincertainzHopivillagesof zBlackzMesainzArizona. zExplainintermsofnatural zselectionwhyalbinismissorareinmosthumanpopulations. zANSWER:Inmostpopulations,thereisfairlystrongselectionagainstalbinismbecausealbinosdon‘tproducemelanin, causingtheirskincellsnottobeprotectedfromthedamagingeffectsofsunlight.Also,thelackofmelaninin theireyescausesthemtohavepooreyesight.Finally,inmostculturesalbinosareseenasabnormal, z andtheyarenotnormallysoughtoutformarriageandmating.Therefore,inmostpopulations ztheallelesthatcausealbinismareselectedagainst,andtheydecreaseinfrequencyorarezkeptatzalowzlevel, zcausingtherecessivetraittoberare. 2. Albinismzis zrare zinmost zhumanpopulations, zoccurring zat zafrequencyof zabout z1 zin z20,000 zpeople. zHowever, zthe ztraitoccurs zat za zfrequencyof z1 zin z200 zincertain zHopivillagesof zBlack zMesain zArizona. zExplainintermsofnatural zselectionwhythetraitissomuchmorecommonamongtheHopisofBlackMesa. ANSWER:Albinosoccupyaprivilegedpositionamongthe zHopisof zBlack zMesa. zIn zthisculture, zalbinosareviewed zas zespecially zpretty, zclean, zand zintelligent, zand zthey zoften zoccupy zpositions zof zleadership. zAlbinosare zcelebratedinthevillagesasasignofpurityofHopibloodinthecommunity. Furthermore,albinosareoftenexcusedfromnormalmalefieldlaborbecauseoftheirsensitivityto zsunlight,causingthemtobeleftbehindinthevillagewiththewomenduringthedaytime.Thisallows zthemextramatingopportunitiescomparedtotheothermenofthevillage.Therefore,theallelesthatcause z albinismareeitherselectedforinthiscultureoratleastnotselectedagainstasstronglyasinothercultures, zallowingthetraittooccuratamuchhigherfrequency. 3. Whichoneofthefollowingpairingsbetweenthesubdisciplineofgeneticsandthephenomenonis zINCORRECT? a. evolution—populationgenetics b. generegulation—moleculargenetics c. allelicfrequencyalteration—populationgenetics d. arrangementofgenesonzchromosome—transmissiongenetics e. chemicalnatureof zthegene—transmissiongenetics ANSWER:e 4. Whichoneofthefollowingtopicsofresearchbelongstothedisciplineoftransmissiongenetics? a. inheritancepatternofgenealleles b. mechanismofDNAreplication c. geneexpressionpatterns d. evolution e. chemicalmodificationofnucleicacids ANSWER:a 5. Thecompletegeneticmakeupofanorganismisreferredtoasits a. chromosome. b. alleles. c. locus. d. genome. e. phenotype. ANSWER:d 6. IdentifyaTRUEstatementfromthefollowingdescriptionsconcerninggenetics. a. Thetheoryofpangenesisstatesthatalllivingorganismsarecomposedofcells. b. Bacteriaandzvirusesarenotusefulinbstudyinggenesandinheritancebecausetheyarestructurallyzand zmetabolicallydifferentfromeukaryoticcells. c. CharlesDarwinaccuratelydescribedthelawsofinheritanceinhislandmarkbook,OntheOriginof zSpecies. d. Manyhumantraits,suchasskinandhaircolor,aredeterminedbymorethanasinglegene. e. Evolutioncanoccurwithoutgeneticchangesinthepopulation. ANSWER:d

[Show More]

Last updated: 11 months ago

Preview 5 out of 403 pages

Buy Now

Instant download